BSC 2086 Midterm exam elabortions
1. When you look at the blood volume in an average adult, it averages how much?: 5 Liters (5L)
2. The hormonal stimulus that prompts red blood cell formation is?: Erythro- poietin
3. When you look at the main components in a cell, red blood cells are slightly different. What is it
that they do not contain?: They do not have a nucleus (they are a nuclei).
4. Blood proteins play an important role in?: Blood clotting, immunity, and main- taining your
blood volume.
5. The buffy coat in centrifuge blood contains what?: White blood cells and your platelets.
6. Suppose your blood volume was found to be A positive. You need to be able to tell me in terms of
agglutinogens and anti agglutinins.: An agglutinogen is present. The antigen A is present on your
erythrocytes.
7. The dangers of blood doping are?: Risk of stroke and heart failure, increased blood viscosity,
induced polycythemia, a very high level on your hematocrit, and it is also banned from the
Olympic games.
8. If you have sickle cell anemia, what type of hemoglobin is associated?: He- moglobin s.
9. Benefit of sickle cell anemia: When cells are exposed to low oxygen tensions, the hemoglobin
molecules links up and forms a polymer. The cell has a benefit of giving the person an
increased resistance to malaria.
10.This cell nucleus has two lobes, kills parasitic worms, contains granules of lice assembled
enzymes. Which leukocyte am I describing?: Eosinophil.
11.This cell has a multi load nucleus, makes up 50% to 70% of your leukocytes, functions as a
phagocyte, and contains fine granules. Which leukocyte am I describing?: Neutrophil.
12.This cell transports oxygen and carbon dioxide.: Erythrocyte.
13.Thrombin catalyzes the joining of these molecules present in plasma.: Fib- rinogen.
14.What forms the structural framework of a blood clot?: Fibrin strands.
15.If you have a severe infection, you would expect your white blood cell count microliter to be
closest to what?: Over 11,000 (normal range is 4,800 to 10,800).
16.Looking at the intrinsic conduction system of the heart, which portion of the intrinsic
conduction system is located in the right atrial wall?: Sinoatrial (SA) node.
17.Whatd does an ECG provide information about?: The movement of the excitation wave
across the heart.
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, BSC 2086 Midterm exam elabortions
18.Looking at the internal structures of the heart, the chordae tendineae do what?: To prevent the
AV valve flaps from everting (they hold them taunt).
They will not allow them to go and invert upwards when the ventricles generate significant
pressure.
19.What component of your tissue is mainly responsible for vasoconstric- tion?: Smooth
muscle.
20.When you look at peripheral resistance: Resistance is going to be inversely related to the
diameter of the materials.
As the diameters are going to get larger your resistance goes down (meaning its easier to
flow blood through a larger diameter vessel).
21.Arterial sclerosis: Narrows the vessels down and causes an increase in resis- tance.
22.Blood flow in the capillaries is steady, despite the rhythmic pumping of the heart because of
what?: The elasticity of the large arteries.
Will be able to have the ability to stretch and as it recoils it's keeping that blood flow steady.
23.When we look at blood flow in your body when it returns from the systemic circulation, what side
of the heart does it go into the right or the left?: Right atrium.
24.The SA nodes set the pace of the heart as a whole. True or false?: True.
25.If it fails, then the AV node would set the pace. True or false?: True.
26.Spontaneous depolarization of cardiac cells can occur in the absence of nerve stimulation. True
or false?: True.
27.Action potentials are conducted from cell to cell across the myocardium via gap junctions. True
or false?: True.
28.In your heart, which valves prevent the back flow of a ventricular contrac- tion?: The semilunar
valves will then close so that blood will not flow back down into the heart.
29.In your contractile cardiac muscle cells, depolarization occurs at threshold with the rapid entry of
which ion?: Sodium.
30. In an ECG, the QRS complex results from which chamber depolarizing?: -
Ventricular depolarization
31.In an ECG, the P wave results from which chamber depolarizing?: Atrial depolarization.
32.In an ECG, the T wave results from which chamber repolarizing?: Ventricular repolarization.
33.In the coronary circulation, the interior interventricular artery and the circumflex artery are
supplied blood from which one of the coronary arter- ies?: Left coronary artery.
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1. When you look at the blood volume in an average adult, it averages how much?: 5 Liters (5L)
2. The hormonal stimulus that prompts red blood cell formation is?: Erythro- poietin
3. When you look at the main components in a cell, red blood cells are slightly different. What is it
that they do not contain?: They do not have a nucleus (they are a nuclei).
4. Blood proteins play an important role in?: Blood clotting, immunity, and main- taining your
blood volume.
5. The buffy coat in centrifuge blood contains what?: White blood cells and your platelets.
6. Suppose your blood volume was found to be A positive. You need to be able to tell me in terms of
agglutinogens and anti agglutinins.: An agglutinogen is present. The antigen A is present on your
erythrocytes.
7. The dangers of blood doping are?: Risk of stroke and heart failure, increased blood viscosity,
induced polycythemia, a very high level on your hematocrit, and it is also banned from the
Olympic games.
8. If you have sickle cell anemia, what type of hemoglobin is associated?: He- moglobin s.
9. Benefit of sickle cell anemia: When cells are exposed to low oxygen tensions, the hemoglobin
molecules links up and forms a polymer. The cell has a benefit of giving the person an
increased resistance to malaria.
10.This cell nucleus has two lobes, kills parasitic worms, contains granules of lice assembled
enzymes. Which leukocyte am I describing?: Eosinophil.
11.This cell has a multi load nucleus, makes up 50% to 70% of your leukocytes, functions as a
phagocyte, and contains fine granules. Which leukocyte am I describing?: Neutrophil.
12.This cell transports oxygen and carbon dioxide.: Erythrocyte.
13.Thrombin catalyzes the joining of these molecules present in plasma.: Fib- rinogen.
14.What forms the structural framework of a blood clot?: Fibrin strands.
15.If you have a severe infection, you would expect your white blood cell count microliter to be
closest to what?: Over 11,000 (normal range is 4,800 to 10,800).
16.Looking at the intrinsic conduction system of the heart, which portion of the intrinsic
conduction system is located in the right atrial wall?: Sinoatrial (SA) node.
17.Whatd does an ECG provide information about?: The movement of the excitation wave
across the heart.
1/5
, BSC 2086 Midterm exam elabortions
18.Looking at the internal structures of the heart, the chordae tendineae do what?: To prevent the
AV valve flaps from everting (they hold them taunt).
They will not allow them to go and invert upwards when the ventricles generate significant
pressure.
19.What component of your tissue is mainly responsible for vasoconstric- tion?: Smooth
muscle.
20.When you look at peripheral resistance: Resistance is going to be inversely related to the
diameter of the materials.
As the diameters are going to get larger your resistance goes down (meaning its easier to
flow blood through a larger diameter vessel).
21.Arterial sclerosis: Narrows the vessels down and causes an increase in resis- tance.
22.Blood flow in the capillaries is steady, despite the rhythmic pumping of the heart because of
what?: The elasticity of the large arteries.
Will be able to have the ability to stretch and as it recoils it's keeping that blood flow steady.
23.When we look at blood flow in your body when it returns from the systemic circulation, what side
of the heart does it go into the right or the left?: Right atrium.
24.The SA nodes set the pace of the heart as a whole. True or false?: True.
25.If it fails, then the AV node would set the pace. True or false?: True.
26.Spontaneous depolarization of cardiac cells can occur in the absence of nerve stimulation. True
or false?: True.
27.Action potentials are conducted from cell to cell across the myocardium via gap junctions. True
or false?: True.
28.In your heart, which valves prevent the back flow of a ventricular contrac- tion?: The semilunar
valves will then close so that blood will not flow back down into the heart.
29.In your contractile cardiac muscle cells, depolarization occurs at threshold with the rapid entry of
which ion?: Sodium.
30. In an ECG, the QRS complex results from which chamber depolarizing?: -
Ventricular depolarization
31.In an ECG, the P wave results from which chamber depolarizing?: Atrial depolarization.
32.In an ECG, the T wave results from which chamber repolarizing?: Ventricular repolarization.
33.In the coronary circulation, the interior interventricular artery and the circumflex artery are
supplied blood from which one of the coronary arter- ies?: Left coronary artery.
2/5
