Test Bank For Guyton And Hall Textbook Of Medical Ph
v v v v v v v v v
ysiology 14th Edition By John E. Hall; v v v v v v
9% of calcium is complexed to -
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ANSWER anions 50% of calcium is -
v v v v v v v v v
v ANSWER v v v ioninzed
41% of calcium is - ANSWER
v v v v v v v v protein bound v
plasma and interstitial fluids have a normal calcium ion co
v v v v v v v v v
ncentration of about 1.2mmol/L or 2.4mEq/L--why? - v v v v v v
ANSWER its a divalent ion
v v v v v v v
Inorganic phosphate in the plasma is mainly in 2 forms: -
v v v v v v v v v v
ANSWER HPO4 and H2PO4- (more HPO4)
v v v v v v v v
When the pH of the extracellular fluid becomes more acidi
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c, there is a relative increase in and a decrease in
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whereas the opposite oc v v v
curs when the extracellular fluid becomes alkaline -
v v v v v v v
ANSWER H2PO4-; HPO4
v v v v v
Why does the nervous system become more excitable in h
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ypocalcemia? - ANSWER it causes increased v v v v v v v
,neuronal membrane permeability to sodium ions, allo
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wing easy initiation of action potentials
v v v v v
At plasma caclium ion concentrations about 50% below nor
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mal, peripheral nerve fibers become so excitable that they b
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eing to discharge spontaneously, initiating trains of
v v v v v v
-
ANSWER nerve impulses that pass to the peripheral skel
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etal muscles to elicit tetanic muscle contraction. Can also c
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ause seizures because of its action of increasing excitabilit
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y in the brain
v v v
Tetany usually starts in the v v v v v
and is v v
called - ANSWER v v v v v hand; carpopedal spasm v v
When the level of calcium in the body fluids rises above nor
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mal, the nervous system becomes depressed and reflex act
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ivities of the central nervous sytem are -
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ANSWER sluggish
v v v v
Increased calcium ion concentraton decreases thev v v v v
interval of the heart and causes lack of ap v v v v v v v v
petite and constipation, probably because of depressed -
v v v v v v v
ANSWER QT; contractility of the muscle walls of the gas
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trointestinal tract v
,When the level of calcium rises above 17 mg/dl in the blood
v v v v v v v v v v v
calciun -
v v
ANSWER calcium phosphate crystals are likely to precipi
v v v v v v v v v v
tate throughout the body (connected to parathyroid poiso
v v v v v v v
ning)
Approximately v
% of calclium is excreted in u
v v v v v v
rine daily - ANSWER
v v v v v v 10
When blood calcium rises so does -
v v v v v v
ANSWER urinary excretion
v v v v v
Renal phosphate excretion is controlled by what mecha
v v v v v v v
nism - ANSWER overflow
v v v v v
Bone is composed of a tough
v v v v v v
that is greatly
v v v
strengthened by deposits of - v v v v
ANSWER organic matrix; calcium salts
v v v v v v v
Average v
contains by weight 30% matrix and 7 v v v v v v
0% salts - ANSWER compact bone
v v v v v v v
may have a consideraby higher perce v v v v v
ntage of matrix in relation to salts -
v v v v v v v
, v ANSWER Newly formed bone
v v v
v v v v v v v v v
ysiology 14th Edition By John E. Hall; v v v v v v
9% of calcium is complexed to -
v v v v v v
ANSWER anions 50% of calcium is -
v v v v v v v v v
v ANSWER v v v ioninzed
41% of calcium is - ANSWER
v v v v v v v v protein bound v
plasma and interstitial fluids have a normal calcium ion co
v v v v v v v v v
ncentration of about 1.2mmol/L or 2.4mEq/L--why? - v v v v v v
ANSWER its a divalent ion
v v v v v v v
Inorganic phosphate in the plasma is mainly in 2 forms: -
v v v v v v v v v v
ANSWER HPO4 and H2PO4- (more HPO4)
v v v v v v v v
When the pH of the extracellular fluid becomes more acidi
v v v v v v v v v
c, there is a relative increase in and a decrease in
v v v v v v v v v v v
whereas the opposite oc v v v
curs when the extracellular fluid becomes alkaline -
v v v v v v v
ANSWER H2PO4-; HPO4
v v v v v
Why does the nervous system become more excitable in h
v v v v v v v v v
ypocalcemia? - ANSWER it causes increased v v v v v v v
,neuronal membrane permeability to sodium ions, allo
v v v v v v
wing easy initiation of action potentials
v v v v v
At plasma caclium ion concentrations about 50% below nor
v v v v v v v v
mal, peripheral nerve fibers become so excitable that they b
v v v v v v v v v
eing to discharge spontaneously, initiating trains of
v v v v v v
-
ANSWER nerve impulses that pass to the peripheral skel
v v v v v v v v v v v
etal muscles to elicit tetanic muscle contraction. Can also c
v v v v v v v v v
ause seizures because of its action of increasing excitabilit
v v v v v v v v
y in the brain
v v v
Tetany usually starts in the v v v v v
and is v v
called - ANSWER v v v v v hand; carpopedal spasm v v
When the level of calcium in the body fluids rises above nor
v v v v v v v v v v v
mal, the nervous system becomes depressed and reflex act
v v v v v v v v
ivities of the central nervous sytem are -
v v v v v v v
ANSWER sluggish
v v v v
Increased calcium ion concentraton decreases thev v v v v
interval of the heart and causes lack of ap v v v v v v v v
petite and constipation, probably because of depressed -
v v v v v v v
ANSWER QT; contractility of the muscle walls of the gas
v v v v v v v v v v v v
trointestinal tract v
,When the level of calcium rises above 17 mg/dl in the blood
v v v v v v v v v v v
calciun -
v v
ANSWER calcium phosphate crystals are likely to precipi
v v v v v v v v v v
tate throughout the body (connected to parathyroid poiso
v v v v v v v
ning)
Approximately v
% of calclium is excreted in u
v v v v v v
rine daily - ANSWER
v v v v v v 10
When blood calcium rises so does -
v v v v v v
ANSWER urinary excretion
v v v v v
Renal phosphate excretion is controlled by what mecha
v v v v v v v
nism - ANSWER overflow
v v v v v
Bone is composed of a tough
v v v v v v
that is greatly
v v v
strengthened by deposits of - v v v v
ANSWER organic matrix; calcium salts
v v v v v v v
Average v
contains by weight 30% matrix and 7 v v v v v v
0% salts - ANSWER compact bone
v v v v v v v
may have a consideraby higher perce v v v v v
ntage of matrix in relation to salts -
v v v v v v v
, v ANSWER Newly formed bone
v v v
