Microbiology: The Human Experience Chapter 1 (From InQuizitive) Latest Update Graded A+

Microbiology: The Human Experience Chapter 1 (From InQuizitive) Latest Update Graded A+ What is the study of microorganisms called? Microbiology What are the two main types of cells found in living organisms? Prokaryotic and eukaryotic What is the main difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells? Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus, while eukaryotic cells have a nucleus What is the role of microorganisms in the environment? Microorganisms help decompose organic matter, recycle nutrients, and maintain ecological balance What is the human microbiome? The collection of microorganisms that live in and on the human body 2 What is the process by which microorganisms break down organic material? Decomposition What is an example of a beneficial microorganism for humans? Lactobacillus, which aids in digestion and is used in yogurt production What is the term for a microorganism that causes disease? Pathogen What is an antibiotic? A substance used to kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria How do vaccines help protect humans from disease? Vaccines stimulate the immune system to recognize and fight pathogens What is the structure of a virus? A virus consists of a core of genetic material (DNA or RNA) surrounded by a protein coat 3 What is the difference between a virus and a bacterium? Viruses cannot reproduce on their own and need a host cell, while bacteria can reproduce independently What is the purpose of a microscope in microbiology? To magnify microorganisms so they can be observed in detail What are the major types of microorganisms studied in microbiology? Bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa What is an example of a disease caused by bacteria?