Test Bank for Robbins Basic Pathology, 10th Edition (Abbas, 9780323353175), Chapter 1-24 Rationals Included 2

Robbins Basic Pathology Kymar Abbas Test Bank
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Chaptere1.eTheeCelleaseaeUniteofeHealtheandeDisease
1 The nucleus e


, which is essential for function ands
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urvival of the cell. e e e



A) is the site of protein synthesis e e e e e



B) contains the genetic code e e e



C) transforms cellular energy e e



D) initiates aerobic metabolism e e



2 Although energy is not made in mitochondria, they are knownas
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the power plants of the cell because they:
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A) contain RNA for protein synthesis. e e e e



B) utilize glycolysis for oxidative energy.
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C) extract energy from organic compounds.
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D) store calcium bonds for muscle contractions.
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3 Although the basic structure of the cell plasma membrane isform
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ed by a lipid bilayer, most of the specific membrane functions ar
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e carried out by:
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A) bound and transmembrane proteins. e e e



B) complex, long carbohydrate chains. e e e



C) surface antigens and hormone receptors.
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D) a gating system of selective ion channels.
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4 To effectively relay signals, cell-to-
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cell communicationutilizes chemical messenger system
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s that:
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A) displace surface receptor proteins. e e e



B) accumulate within cell gap junctions. e e e e



C) bind to contractile microfilaments.
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D) release secretions into extracellular fluid.
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,5 Aerobic metabolism, also known as oxidative metabolism,p
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rovides energy by:
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A) removing the phosphate bonds from ATP. e e e e e



B) combining hydrogen and oxygen to form e e e e e e


water.
C) activating pyruvate stored in the cytoplasm. e e e e e



D) breaking down glucose to form lactic acid. e e e e e e



6 Exocytosis, the reverse of endocytosis, is important in
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e into the extracellular fluid.
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A) Engulfing and ingesting fluid and proteins fortr e e e e e e e


ansport
B) Killing, degrading, and dissolving harmful
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microorganisms
C) Removing cellular debris and releasings e e e e e


ynthesized substances e



D) Destruction of particles by lysosomal enzymesf e e e e e e


or secretione



7 The process responsible for generating and conductingmemb
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rane potentials is:
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A) diffusion of current-carrying ions. e e e



B) millivoltage of electrical potential. e e e



C) polarization of charged particles. e e e



D) ion channel neurotransmission.
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8 Epithelial tissues are classified according to the shape of thecells
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and the number of layers. Which of the following is a correctly
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matched description and type of epithelial tissue?
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A) Simple epithelium: cells in contact with int
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ercellular matrix; some do not extend tosurf e e e e e e e


ace

,B) Stratified epithelium: single layer of cells; allc
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ells rest on basement membrane
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C) Glandular epithelium: arise from surface e e e e e e


pithelia and underlying connective tissue
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D) Pseudostratified epithelium: multiple layers ofc e e e e e


ells; deepest layer rests on basement membrane
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9 Connective tissue contains fibroblasts that are responsible for:
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A) providing a fibrous framework for capillaries. e e e e e



B) synthesis of collagen, elastin, and reticularfi
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bers.
C) forming tendons and the fascia that covers
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muscles.
D) filling spaces between tissues to keep organs inpl
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ace.
10 Although all muscle tissue cells have some similarities, smoo
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th muscle (also known as involuntary muscle) differsby:
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A) having dense bodies attached to actinfi
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laments.
B) containing sarcomeres between Z lines and Mb e e e e e e e


ands.
C) having rapid contractions and abundant cross-
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striations.
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D) contracting in response to increasedi e e e e e


ntracellular calcium. e



11 Which of the following aspects of the function of the nucleusis p
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erformed by ribosomal RNA (rRNA)?
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A) Copying and carrying DNA instructions forprote e e e e e e


in synthesis e

, B) Carrying amino acids to the site of proteins
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ynthesis
C) Providing the site where protein synthesiso
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ccurs
D) Regulating and controlling protein synthesise e e e




12 Breakdown and removal of foreign substances and worn-
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outcell parts are performed by which of the following organelle
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s?
A) Lysosomes
B) Golgi apparatus e



C) Ribosomes
D) Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) e e




13 Impairment in the function of peroxisomes would result in:
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A) inadequate sites for protein synthesis. e e e e



B) an inability to transport cellular productsa
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cross the cell membrane.
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C) insufficient energy production within a cell. e e e e e



D) accumulation of free radicals in the cytoplasm. e e e e e e



14 After several months of trying to conceive, a couple is undergoi
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ng fertility testing. Semen analysis indicates that themans sper
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m have decreased motility, a finding that is thoughtto underlie t
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he couples inability to become pregnant. Which of the followin
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g cellular components may be defective withinthe mans sperm?
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A) Ribosomes
B) Microtubules
C) Mitochondria
D) Microfilaments