Test Bank for Basic Pharmacology for N
s s s s s s
urses s
Chapter 02: Basic Principles of Drug Action and Drug Interacti
s s s s s s s s s
ons
Clayton/Willihnganz: Basic Pharmacology for Nurses, 17th Edition MULTIP s s s s s s s
LE CHOICEs
1.The nurse assesses hives in a patient started on a new medication. What is the nur
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
se‟s priority action?
s s
a. Notify physician of allergic reaction.
s s s s
b.Notify physician of idiosyncratic reaction.
s s s s
c. Notify physician of potential teratogenicity.
s s s s
d.Notify physician of potential tolerance.
s s s s
ANS: A s
An allergic reaction is indicative of hypersensitivity and manifests with hives and/or u
s s s s s s s s s s s s
rticaria, which are easily identified. An idiosyncratic reaction occurs when somethin
s s s s s s s s s s
g unusual or abnormal happens when a drug is first administered. A teratogenic reacti
s s s s s s s s s s s s s
on refers to the occurrence of birth defects related to
s s s s s s s s s
,administration of the drug. Tolerance refers to the body‟s requirement for increasing
s s s s s s s s s s s s
dosages to achieve the same effects that a lower dose once did.
s s s s s s s s s s s
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: Page 17 OBJ: 4 TOP:Nur
s s s s s s s s s
sing Process Step: Assessment
s s s
MSC:NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity NOT:CONCEPT(S) s s s s s s
: Clinical Judgment; Safety
s s s
2.The nurse administers an initial dose of a steroid to a patient with asthma. Thirty min
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
utes after administration, the nurse finds the patient agitated and stating that “everyon
s s s s s s s s s s s s
e is out to get me.” What is the term for this unusual reaction?
s s s s s s s s s s s s s
a. Desired action s
b.Adverse effect s
c. Idiosyncratic reaction s
d.Allergic reaction s
ANS: C s
Idiosyncratic reactions are unusual, abnormal reactions that occur when a drug is first
s s s s s s s s s s s s s
administered. Patients typically exhibit an overresponsiveness to a medication relate
s s s s s s s s s
d to diminished metabolism. These reactions are believed to be related to genetic enzy
s s s s s s s s s s s s s
me deficiencies. Desired actions are expected responses to a medication. Adverse eff
s s s s s s s s s s s
ects are reactions that occur in another system of the body; they are usually predictabl
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
e. Allergic reactions appear after repeated medication dosages.
s s s s s s s
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 18 OBJ: 4 TOP:Nur
s s s s s s s s s
sing Process Step: Evaluation
s s s
MSC:NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity s s s s s
NOT: CONCEPT(S): Patient Education; Clinical Judgment; Caregiving; Safety; Se
s s s s s s s s
nsory Perception s
3.Which is the best description of when drug interactions occur? a.
s s s s s s s s s s
On administration of toxic dosages of a drug
s s s s s s s
, b.On an increase in the pharmacodynamics of bound drugs
s s s s s s s s
c. On the alteration of the effect of one drug by another drug
s s s s s s s s s s s
d.On increase of drug excretion
s s s s
ANS: C s
Drug interactions may be characterized by an increase or decrease in the effective
s s s s s s s s s s s s
ness of one or both of the drugs. Toxicity of one drug may or may not affect the me
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
tabolism of another one. Drug interactions may result from either increased or dec
s s s s s s s s s s s s
reased pharmacodynamics. Drug interactions may result from either increased or
s s s s s s s s s s
decreased excretion. s
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: Page 18 OBJ: 5 TOP
s s s s s s s s s
:Nursing Process Step: Assessment s s s
MSC:NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity NOT:CONCEPT s s s s s s
(S): Safety; Patient Education; Clinical Judgment
s s s s s
4.What occurs when two drugs compete for the same receptor site, resulting in inc
s s s s s s s s s s s s s
reased activity of the first drug?
s s s s s
a. Desired action s
b.Synergistic effect s
c. Carcinogenicity
d.Displacement
ANS: D s
The displacement of the first drug from receptor sites by a second drug increases the a
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
mount of the first drug because more unbound drug is available. An expected respons
s s s s s s s s s s s s s
e of a drug is the desired action. A synergistic effect is the effect of two drugs being gr
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
eater than the effect of each chemical individually or the sum of the individual effects
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
. Carcinogenicity is the ability of a drug to cause cells to mutate and become cancerou
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
s.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: Page 19 OBJ: 6 TOP
s s s s s s s s s
:Nursing Process Step: Implementation s s s
s s s s s s
urses s
Chapter 02: Basic Principles of Drug Action and Drug Interacti
s s s s s s s s s
ons
Clayton/Willihnganz: Basic Pharmacology for Nurses, 17th Edition MULTIP s s s s s s s
LE CHOICEs
1.The nurse assesses hives in a patient started on a new medication. What is the nur
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
se‟s priority action?
s s
a. Notify physician of allergic reaction.
s s s s
b.Notify physician of idiosyncratic reaction.
s s s s
c. Notify physician of potential teratogenicity.
s s s s
d.Notify physician of potential tolerance.
s s s s
ANS: A s
An allergic reaction is indicative of hypersensitivity and manifests with hives and/or u
s s s s s s s s s s s s
rticaria, which are easily identified. An idiosyncratic reaction occurs when somethin
s s s s s s s s s s
g unusual or abnormal happens when a drug is first administered. A teratogenic reacti
s s s s s s s s s s s s s
on refers to the occurrence of birth defects related to
s s s s s s s s s
,administration of the drug. Tolerance refers to the body‟s requirement for increasing
s s s s s s s s s s s s
dosages to achieve the same effects that a lower dose once did.
s s s s s s s s s s s
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: Page 17 OBJ: 4 TOP:Nur
s s s s s s s s s
sing Process Step: Assessment
s s s
MSC:NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity NOT:CONCEPT(S) s s s s s s
: Clinical Judgment; Safety
s s s
2.The nurse administers an initial dose of a steroid to a patient with asthma. Thirty min
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
utes after administration, the nurse finds the patient agitated and stating that “everyon
s s s s s s s s s s s s
e is out to get me.” What is the term for this unusual reaction?
s s s s s s s s s s s s s
a. Desired action s
b.Adverse effect s
c. Idiosyncratic reaction s
d.Allergic reaction s
ANS: C s
Idiosyncratic reactions are unusual, abnormal reactions that occur when a drug is first
s s s s s s s s s s s s s
administered. Patients typically exhibit an overresponsiveness to a medication relate
s s s s s s s s s
d to diminished metabolism. These reactions are believed to be related to genetic enzy
s s s s s s s s s s s s s
me deficiencies. Desired actions are expected responses to a medication. Adverse eff
s s s s s s s s s s s
ects are reactions that occur in another system of the body; they are usually predictabl
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
e. Allergic reactions appear after repeated medication dosages.
s s s s s s s
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 18 OBJ: 4 TOP:Nur
s s s s s s s s s
sing Process Step: Evaluation
s s s
MSC:NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity s s s s s
NOT: CONCEPT(S): Patient Education; Clinical Judgment; Caregiving; Safety; Se
s s s s s s s s
nsory Perception s
3.Which is the best description of when drug interactions occur? a.
s s s s s s s s s s
On administration of toxic dosages of a drug
s s s s s s s
, b.On an increase in the pharmacodynamics of bound drugs
s s s s s s s s
c. On the alteration of the effect of one drug by another drug
s s s s s s s s s s s
d.On increase of drug excretion
s s s s
ANS: C s
Drug interactions may be characterized by an increase or decrease in the effective
s s s s s s s s s s s s
ness of one or both of the drugs. Toxicity of one drug may or may not affect the me
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
tabolism of another one. Drug interactions may result from either increased or dec
s s s s s s s s s s s s
reased pharmacodynamics. Drug interactions may result from either increased or
s s s s s s s s s s
decreased excretion. s
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: Page 18 OBJ: 5 TOP
s s s s s s s s s
:Nursing Process Step: Assessment s s s
MSC:NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity NOT:CONCEPT s s s s s s
(S): Safety; Patient Education; Clinical Judgment
s s s s s
4.What occurs when two drugs compete for the same receptor site, resulting in inc
s s s s s s s s s s s s s
reased activity of the first drug?
s s s s s
a. Desired action s
b.Synergistic effect s
c. Carcinogenicity
d.Displacement
ANS: D s
The displacement of the first drug from receptor sites by a second drug increases the a
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
mount of the first drug because more unbound drug is available. An expected respons
s s s s s s s s s s s s s
e of a drug is the desired action. A synergistic effect is the effect of two drugs being gr
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
eater than the effect of each chemical individually or the sum of the individual effects
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
. Carcinogenicity is the ability of a drug to cause cells to mutate and become cancerou
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
s.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: Page 19 OBJ: 6 TOP
s s s s s s s s s
:Nursing Process Step: Implementation s s s
