NTA NTP 12: Immune System Exam Questions and Answers 100% Pass

NTA NTP 12: Immune System Exam

Questions and Answers 100% Pass


Immune System (Parts & Function): Integumentary System - ✔✔Provides

physical barriers and non-specific innate immunity:

1. Cutaneous membranes: cover and protect exterior surfaces of body

2. Mucous membranes: line and protect body cavities and organs

3. Serous membranes: surround and protect organs

4. Synovial membranes: line and protect joints

5. Adipose tissue: communicates metabolic state of body to immune

system via hormones called adipokines, which in turn control immune cell

activity

Immune System (Parts & Function): Digestive System - ✔✔Provides

physical barriers, innate and adaptive immunity:

1. HCl and pepsin: neutralizes pathogens before entering intestine

2. GALT: houses 70-80% of immune system cells

3. Epithelial cells: secrete protective mucous as barrier against colonization

and invasion by pathogens (1 layer thick in small intestine; 2 layers thick in


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,large intestine), rich in antimicrobial proteins like lysozyme (enzyme that

catalyzes destruction of cell walls of certain bacteria), facilitate nutrient

digestion and assimilations, provide immunological surveillance signals at

gut-mucosa-lumen interaface

4. Gut Flora in Large Intestine: stimulates immunity, feeds epithelial cells

(produce SFAs for fuel), crowds out pathogenic bacteria

Immune System (Parts & Function): Lymphatic System- Primary Organs &

Tissues - ✔✔-Bone Marrow

-Thymus

Immune System (Parts & Function): Bone Marrow - ✔✔-Spongy tissue

inside bones where all new blood cells and immune cells are created

-Housed mainly in central skeletal system--pelvis, sternum, cranium, ribs,

vertebrae, scapulae, femur

Immune System (Parts & Function): Thymus - ✔✔-Adaptive immune

response "school" where T cells are taught how to respond to specific

pathogens and how to differentiate between self-cells and invaders

-Immature T cells migrate from b_______ m____________ to

t_______________ to continue development

-Once mature, T cells migrate to other lymphatic tissue and organs where

they become active when needed
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,Immune System (Parts & Function): Lymphatic System- Secondary Organs

& Tissues - ✔✔-Lymph nodes

-Lymphatic vessels

-Lymphatic fluid

-MALT (Mucosal-Associated Lymphoid Tissue)

-Spleen



Main transportation systems and "meet-up spots" for pathogens, antigens,

phagocytes, B cells, and T cells

Immune System (Parts & Function): Lymph Nodes - ✔✔-"Dating bars"

where B and T cells meet antigens and antigen presenting cells

-Antigens and antigen presenting cells enter through incoming arteriole or

(afferent) lymphatic vessel (a way to catch invaders)

-B cells, T cells and antigen presenting cells circulate through lymphatic

system until they make a "match"

-Provide "factory space" for B and T cells to proliferate in response to a

specific pathogen or antigen

-Scattered throughout body, both superficial and deep

Immune System (Parts & Function): Lymphatic Vessel - ✔✔-Entry point for

antigens and antigen presenting cells
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, -Closed at one end and start as small lymphatic capillaries in tissues

-Carry lymph that forms in tissues to larger l_______________

v________________

-Along with blood stream, this acts as highways to transport cells and

substances to the scene of the "crime"

Immune System (Parts & Function): MALT - ✔✔Mucosal Associated

Lymphoid Tissue

-Specialized lymphatic tissue situated along all mucosal surfaces of the

body

-Found in skin, eyes, nose, mouth, tonsils, GI tract, respiratory tract, urinary

tract, reproductive tract,

-Provide sites for macrophages, B cells and T cells to meet up with

pathogens and antigens (microbes, viruses, parasites, allergens)

-Stand watch over body's barriers by communicating directly with mucosal

surfaces

-Outgoing lymphatics connect these vessels with lymphatic system

Immune System (Parts & Function): MALT Subcategories - ✔✔-Stand

watch over body's barriers by communicating directly with mucosal

surfaces



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