Pediatric Burns Comprehensive Questions with Solved
Correct Answers
1.overall mortality related to burns is estimated to be: 5.3%
2.what percentage are children or adolescents:
30% Scald burns, contact with hot objects
3.considerations when a child has been burned: inhalation
injury abuse
4.Pathophysiologic and pharmacologic considerations when a child
is burned: Metabolic derangements
Neurohormoral
responses Massive
fluid shifts Sepsis
Systemic effects of massive tissue destruction
5.Pediatric head is almost the surface area of an adult: double
6.what changes when there is thermal injury to the skin?: o Changes in
thermal regulation
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,o Changes in bacterial defenses
o Changes in fluid and electrolyte balance
7.Abnormal responses to may occur up to a year later, even with
minor burns: NMBDs
8.Several mediators released from burn areas cause local and remote
edema, and these are: -Complement
-Arachidonic acid metabolites
-Oxygen free radicals
-Cytokines
-Endotoxins
9.Abnormal levels reflect severity of injury and they may persist for years
: cytokine
10. Can occur immediately after the burn, correlate with burn
size Predictive of development of multiple organ failure:
endotoxins
11.• Clinical symptoms and pathologic changes are relatively more
severe in: children
12.fluid shifts happen in burns pts; where does the fluid shift from and
2
19
, what is the result?: intracellular to extracellular
significant hemoconcentration and massive intravascular fluid loss
13.what is released that helps to maintain BP: catecholamines and ADH
to a point but pt will need volume resuscitation
14.In the first 4 days after a burn of moderate size or larger (approximately
40% of the body surface area), an amount of equal to about twice the
total body plasma content is lost through the wound: albumin
15.what are considered direct effects of the burn: thrombosis and
increased capillary permeability
16.In the pulmonary capillary network, how may these changes may be
life-threatening?: severe pulmonary edema and vascular congestion may
result.
17.Immediately after an injury, cardiac output is dramatically
(increased/de- creased), why?: reduced
Rapid reduction in circulating blood volume
Impaired venous return d/t compressive effects of burns on abdomen
and chest
18.what circulating myocardial depressants are released in the body
3
19
Correct Answers
1.overall mortality related to burns is estimated to be: 5.3%
2.what percentage are children or adolescents:
30% Scald burns, contact with hot objects
3.considerations when a child has been burned: inhalation
injury abuse
4.Pathophysiologic and pharmacologic considerations when a child
is burned: Metabolic derangements
Neurohormoral
responses Massive
fluid shifts Sepsis
Systemic effects of massive tissue destruction
5.Pediatric head is almost the surface area of an adult: double
6.what changes when there is thermal injury to the skin?: o Changes in
thermal regulation
1
19
,o Changes in bacterial defenses
o Changes in fluid and electrolyte balance
7.Abnormal responses to may occur up to a year later, even with
minor burns: NMBDs
8.Several mediators released from burn areas cause local and remote
edema, and these are: -Complement
-Arachidonic acid metabolites
-Oxygen free radicals
-Cytokines
-Endotoxins
9.Abnormal levels reflect severity of injury and they may persist for years
: cytokine
10. Can occur immediately after the burn, correlate with burn
size Predictive of development of multiple organ failure:
endotoxins
11.• Clinical symptoms and pathologic changes are relatively more
severe in: children
12.fluid shifts happen in burns pts; where does the fluid shift from and
2
19
, what is the result?: intracellular to extracellular
significant hemoconcentration and massive intravascular fluid loss
13.what is released that helps to maintain BP: catecholamines and ADH
to a point but pt will need volume resuscitation
14.In the first 4 days after a burn of moderate size or larger (approximately
40% of the body surface area), an amount of equal to about twice the
total body plasma content is lost through the wound: albumin
15.what are considered direct effects of the burn: thrombosis and
increased capillary permeability
16.In the pulmonary capillary network, how may these changes may be
life-threatening?: severe pulmonary edema and vascular congestion may
result.
17.Immediately after an injury, cardiac output is dramatically
(increased/de- creased), why?: reduced
Rapid reduction in circulating blood volume
Impaired venous return d/t compressive effects of burns on abdomen
and chest
18.what circulating myocardial depressants are released in the body
3
19
