GEO BY dr. yong test 2 |Questions and Answers
1. Sedimentary rocks may contain evidence of past environments, including information about sediment
transport and the depositional environment.: true
2. Which of the following rocks are classified as major Sedimentary Rocks?: -
detrital rocks, biochemical rocks, organic rocks, chemical rocks
3. What is the right sequence for the formation of sediment and its trans- formation into clastic sedimentary
rock?: weathering, erosion, transportation, deposition, lithification
4. In the process of Lithification, what kinds of steps can be found?: com- paction cementation
5. How are Detrital sedimentary rocks primarily classified?: grain or particle size
6. Which of the following minerals can act as cement for clastic sedimentary rocks?: calcite(CaCO3), silica
(SiO2)
7. What is a major way you can tell if a sedimentary rock formed far from its source?: rounded or spherical
grains
8. Generally, which sedimentary rock type would have formed near its original source?: breccia
9. Biochemical and organic rocks form from materials produced by living organisms.: true
10.A Limestone that is derived from an ancient marine reef is considered to be a biochemical sedimentary
rock.: true
11.Which of the following rocks belong to Organic Sedimentary Rocks?: coal
12.Coal is formed from the rapid burial and compaction of: plant matter
13.Evaporites consist of minerals precipitated from water.: true
14.Which of the following rocks belong to Chemical Sedimentary Rocks?: -
travertine limestone, dolostone, flint, evaporites
15.Sedimentary structures serve as clues to depositional settings. The follow- ing features are sedimentary
structures: bedding, ripple marks, mud cracks
16. A sequence of strata that is distinctive enough to be traced as a unit across a fairly large region is called
Stratigraphic Formation.: True
17.In effect, Dunes are "mega-ripples" that can be found in desert.: True
18.How can a Sandstone form next to a Claystone (Shale) at the same time?
a. Decay of organic matter in soil: variations in energy, ie calm water vs turbulent
19.The Grade Bedding is formed due to: The repeated turbidity current
20.Different types of sedimentary rocks accumulate in different depositional environmental environments.: true
21. Which of the following sedimentary environments belong to terrestrial sed- imentary environments?:
fluvial environments, glacial environments, sand dune environments
, GEO BY dr. yong test 2 |Questions and Answers
22.What type of rocks can usually be found in mountain stream environ- ments?: conglomerate, breccia
23.What type of rocks can usually be found in alluvial-fan environments?: ar- cose, conglomerate
24.What type of rocks can usually be found in coastal beach environments?-
: well sorted, medium grained sandstone with ripple marks
25.The term of "Sedimentary Basins" refers to a depression, created as a consequence of subsidence that
fills with sediment: true
26.What is the geological process that leads to the formation of a Foreland Basin?: weight of the mountain belt
pushes down the crust's surface
27.What do the transgression and regression processes affect environment?-
: the coastline migrates inland in transgression and seaward in regression, the depositional environments can migrate duri
this process
28.Diagenesis transform sediments into sedimentary rocks. What kind of changes can occur in Diagenesis?:
chemical changes, physical changes, biolog- ical changes
29.A sedimentary facies is best described by:: Different types of rock formed next to each other at the same time,
AND Different rock types formed by different energy environments at the same time
30.Metamorphism is a process where:: rocks change from one form to another
31.During the process of metamorphism, what is the state for the rock?: rock remains essentially the solid state
32.The protolith (which is also called the Parent Rock) of metamorphic rocks can be: igneous rocks, sedimentary
rocks, other metamorphic rocks
33.What are the causes for metamorphism: heat, pressure, fluids, parent rock
34.What are the sources for Heat that can cause metamorphism?: heat from magma, geothermal gradient
35.Lithostatic Pressure is due to the weight of the overlying rocks, and it can be described by stresses which are
equal in all directions.: true
36.Lithostatic Pressure is also called the:: -confining pressure
-uniform pressure
37.What are the right properties for Differential Pressure?: These pressures are not equal on all sides b. Due to
these pressures, rock is distorted d. They occur during deformation associated with mountain building
38.What is Pressure Solution?: c. It means the dissolution of mineral grains on the sides undergoing more pressure
39.What are Hydrothermal Fluids?: a. Very hot water solutions
1. Sedimentary rocks may contain evidence of past environments, including information about sediment
transport and the depositional environment.: true
2. Which of the following rocks are classified as major Sedimentary Rocks?: -
detrital rocks, biochemical rocks, organic rocks, chemical rocks
3. What is the right sequence for the formation of sediment and its trans- formation into clastic sedimentary
rock?: weathering, erosion, transportation, deposition, lithification
4. In the process of Lithification, what kinds of steps can be found?: com- paction cementation
5. How are Detrital sedimentary rocks primarily classified?: grain or particle size
6. Which of the following minerals can act as cement for clastic sedimentary rocks?: calcite(CaCO3), silica
(SiO2)
7. What is a major way you can tell if a sedimentary rock formed far from its source?: rounded or spherical
grains
8. Generally, which sedimentary rock type would have formed near its original source?: breccia
9. Biochemical and organic rocks form from materials produced by living organisms.: true
10.A Limestone that is derived from an ancient marine reef is considered to be a biochemical sedimentary
rock.: true
11.Which of the following rocks belong to Organic Sedimentary Rocks?: coal
12.Coal is formed from the rapid burial and compaction of: plant matter
13.Evaporites consist of minerals precipitated from water.: true
14.Which of the following rocks belong to Chemical Sedimentary Rocks?: -
travertine limestone, dolostone, flint, evaporites
15.Sedimentary structures serve as clues to depositional settings. The follow- ing features are sedimentary
structures: bedding, ripple marks, mud cracks
16. A sequence of strata that is distinctive enough to be traced as a unit across a fairly large region is called
Stratigraphic Formation.: True
17.In effect, Dunes are "mega-ripples" that can be found in desert.: True
18.How can a Sandstone form next to a Claystone (Shale) at the same time?
a. Decay of organic matter in soil: variations in energy, ie calm water vs turbulent
19.The Grade Bedding is formed due to: The repeated turbidity current
20.Different types of sedimentary rocks accumulate in different depositional environmental environments.: true
21. Which of the following sedimentary environments belong to terrestrial sed- imentary environments?:
fluvial environments, glacial environments, sand dune environments
, GEO BY dr. yong test 2 |Questions and Answers
22.What type of rocks can usually be found in mountain stream environ- ments?: conglomerate, breccia
23.What type of rocks can usually be found in alluvial-fan environments?: ar- cose, conglomerate
24.What type of rocks can usually be found in coastal beach environments?-
: well sorted, medium grained sandstone with ripple marks
25.The term of "Sedimentary Basins" refers to a depression, created as a consequence of subsidence that
fills with sediment: true
26.What is the geological process that leads to the formation of a Foreland Basin?: weight of the mountain belt
pushes down the crust's surface
27.What do the transgression and regression processes affect environment?-
: the coastline migrates inland in transgression and seaward in regression, the depositional environments can migrate duri
this process
28.Diagenesis transform sediments into sedimentary rocks. What kind of changes can occur in Diagenesis?:
chemical changes, physical changes, biolog- ical changes
29.A sedimentary facies is best described by:: Different types of rock formed next to each other at the same time,
AND Different rock types formed by different energy environments at the same time
30.Metamorphism is a process where:: rocks change from one form to another
31.During the process of metamorphism, what is the state for the rock?: rock remains essentially the solid state
32.The protolith (which is also called the Parent Rock) of metamorphic rocks can be: igneous rocks, sedimentary
rocks, other metamorphic rocks
33.What are the causes for metamorphism: heat, pressure, fluids, parent rock
34.What are the sources for Heat that can cause metamorphism?: heat from magma, geothermal gradient
35.Lithostatic Pressure is due to the weight of the overlying rocks, and it can be described by stresses which are
equal in all directions.: true
36.Lithostatic Pressure is also called the:: -confining pressure
-uniform pressure
37.What are the right properties for Differential Pressure?: These pressures are not equal on all sides b. Due to
these pressures, rock is distorted d. They occur during deformation associated with mountain building
38.What is Pressure Solution?: c. It means the dissolution of mineral grains on the sides undergoing more pressure
39.What are Hydrothermal Fluids?: a. Very hot water solutions
