NURG 533 Patho Module 7: Pulmonary
1. What is the importance of chemoreceptors?: They monitor pH, PaCO2, and PaO2 of arterial blood. There are
central and peripheral chemoreceptors.
2. These Chemoreceptors are in the respiratory center and monitor arterial blood indirectly by sensing changes
in cerebrospinal pH (controlling CO2).: - Central
3. These chemoreceptors are in aortic bodies, the aortic arch, and carotid bod- ies at the bifurcation of the
carotids, near the baroreceptors. They are primarily sensitive to O2 levels in arterial blood. They are responsible
for all the increase in ventilation that occurs in response to arterial hypoxemia.: Peripheral
4. bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes that generally develops when there is a loss of
5grams of Hgb (5g of Hgb is desaturated), regardless of the beginning Hgb level.: cyanosis
5. What are some causes of cyanosis?: Caused by an increase in amount of desaturated Hgb. Can result from
decreased arterial oxygen or decreased cardiac output, cold, anxiety, or a R-->L shunt. Can be central or peripheral
6. Also known as Acute Laryngotracheobronchitis: Croup
7. What is croup normally caused by?: Virus (parainfluenza, influenza A, RSV)
8. What do viruses that cause croup cause?: subglottic edema
9. This usually occurs after an episode of rhinorrhea, sore throat, fever, is self-limiting, the membranes of the
subglottic space are looser and allow for accumulation of mucous and submucosal edema and is common in
children 6months to 5 years: croup
10.What kind of cough is present with croup?: a seal-bark like cough
11.What characteristic of the pleura allows fluids that accumulates in the lungs to cross into the pleural space
and result in pleural effusion?: The pleura is permeable
12.What is the most common symptom of pleural effusion?: Dyspnea and pleural pain are common
13.the presence of air or gas in the pleural space caused by a rupture in the visceral pleura (which surrounds
lungs) or the parietal pleura and chest
wall. As air is drawn into the pleural space during inspiration, it separates the visceral and parietal pleurae and
destroys the negative pressure of the pleural space. (types= Open, Tension, Spontaneous, Secondary):
pneumothorax
14.propel mucous blanket and entrapped particles toward the oropharynx, where they can be swallowed or
expectorated, lines the upper airway mucosa, and aids in warming and humidifying inspired air and removes
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5
, NURG 533 Patho Module 7: Pulmonary
foreign parti- cles from the air as it passes.: cilia
15.chronic inflammatory disease characterized by bronchial hyperactivity and reversible airflow obstruction,
usually in response to allergen. Most prevalent
2/
5
1. What is the importance of chemoreceptors?: They monitor pH, PaCO2, and PaO2 of arterial blood. There are
central and peripheral chemoreceptors.
2. These Chemoreceptors are in the respiratory center and monitor arterial blood indirectly by sensing changes
in cerebrospinal pH (controlling CO2).: - Central
3. These chemoreceptors are in aortic bodies, the aortic arch, and carotid bod- ies at the bifurcation of the
carotids, near the baroreceptors. They are primarily sensitive to O2 levels in arterial blood. They are responsible
for all the increase in ventilation that occurs in response to arterial hypoxemia.: Peripheral
4. bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes that generally develops when there is a loss of
5grams of Hgb (5g of Hgb is desaturated), regardless of the beginning Hgb level.: cyanosis
5. What are some causes of cyanosis?: Caused by an increase in amount of desaturated Hgb. Can result from
decreased arterial oxygen or decreased cardiac output, cold, anxiety, or a R-->L shunt. Can be central or peripheral
6. Also known as Acute Laryngotracheobronchitis: Croup
7. What is croup normally caused by?: Virus (parainfluenza, influenza A, RSV)
8. What do viruses that cause croup cause?: subglottic edema
9. This usually occurs after an episode of rhinorrhea, sore throat, fever, is self-limiting, the membranes of the
subglottic space are looser and allow for accumulation of mucous and submucosal edema and is common in
children 6months to 5 years: croup
10.What kind of cough is present with croup?: a seal-bark like cough
11.What characteristic of the pleura allows fluids that accumulates in the lungs to cross into the pleural space
and result in pleural effusion?: The pleura is permeable
12.What is the most common symptom of pleural effusion?: Dyspnea and pleural pain are common
13.the presence of air or gas in the pleural space caused by a rupture in the visceral pleura (which surrounds
lungs) or the parietal pleura and chest
wall. As air is drawn into the pleural space during inspiration, it separates the visceral and parietal pleurae and
destroys the negative pressure of the pleural space. (types= Open, Tension, Spontaneous, Secondary):
pneumothorax
14.propel mucous blanket and entrapped particles toward the oropharynx, where they can be swallowed or
expectorated, lines the upper airway mucosa, and aids in warming and humidifying inspired air and removes
1/
5
, NURG 533 Patho Module 7: Pulmonary
foreign parti- cles from the air as it passes.: cilia
15.chronic inflammatory disease characterized by bronchial hyperactivity and reversible airflow obstruction,
usually in response to allergen. Most prevalent
2/
5
