2025 NGN HESI RN PHARMACOLOGY REAL EXAMS (4 VERSIONS) WITH
ALL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (100%
CORRECT ANSWERS) RN HESI PHARMACOLOGY WITH NGN LATEST 4
VERSIONS 2024/2025
1. Which of the following medications is a proton pump inhibitor
(PPI)?
A. Ranitidine
B. Omeprazole
C. Famotidine
D. Pantoprazole
Answer: B. Omeprazole
Rationale:
Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) that reduces gastric acid
secretion by blocking the hydrogen-potassium ATPase enzyme system in
the parietal cells of the stomach. Ranitidine and famotidine are H2
receptor antagonists, not PPIs. Pantoprazole is another example of a
PPI.
2. A nurse is administering an anticoagulant to a patient with deep
vein thrombosis. Which of the following lab results should the nurse
monitor regularly?
A. Hemoglobin
B. Platelet count
C. Prothrombin time (PT)
D. Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)
Answer: D. Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)
,Rationale:
aPTT is monitored in patients receiving heparin, a common
anticoagulant, to assess how long it takes for blood to clot. Prothrombin
time (PT) is used to monitor warfarin therapy. Hemoglobin and platelet
count are not used to monitor anticoagulant therapy directly.
3. A nurse is educating a patient about using an albuterol inhaler.
Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
A. "Inhale slowly and deeply when using the inhaler."
B. "Wait 30 minutes between each inhalation."
C. "Use the inhaler before using your corticosteroid inhaler."
D. "You should use the inhaler only when you feel short of breath."
Answer: C. "Use the inhaler before using your corticosteroid inhaler."
Rationale:
Albuterol is a short-acting beta-agonist used as a bronchodilator. It
should be used first to open the airways, followed by corticosteroids,
which work better when airways are clear. The inhaler should be used
as prescribed, not only when short of breath, and the patient should
inhale quickly and deeply.
4. A patient is prescribed digoxin for heart failure. Which of the
following findings should the nurse report immediately to the
provider?
A. Apical pulse of 60 beats per minute
B. Serum potassium level of 3.0 mEq/L
C. Blood pressure of 110/70 mm Hg
D. Respiratory rate of 18 breaths per minute
, Answer: B. Serum potassium level of 3.0 mEq/L
Rationale:
Low potassium levels increase the risk of digoxin toxicity. A serum
potassium level of 3.0 mEq/L is below the normal range (3.5–5.0 mEq/L)
and should be reported immediately. An apical pulse of 60 beats per
minute is within normal limits for adults, and the blood pressure and
respiratory rate are also within normal ranges.
5. A nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving a chemotherapy
agent known to cause nausea and vomiting. Which of the following
medications should the nurse anticipate administering to prevent
these symptoms?
A. Diphenhydramine
B. Ondansetron
C. Furosemide
D. Metoclopramide
Answer: B. Ondansetron
Rationale:
Ondansetron is a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist used to prevent nausea and
vomiting associated with chemotherapy. Diphenhydramine is an
antihistamine used for motion sickness, furosemide is a diuretic, and
metoclopramide is a prokinetic used for nausea but is less specific for
chemotherapy-induced nausea.
6. A nurse is caring for a patient receiving morphine sulfate for pain
management. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse
monitor for?
ALL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (100%
CORRECT ANSWERS) RN HESI PHARMACOLOGY WITH NGN LATEST 4
VERSIONS 2024/2025
1. Which of the following medications is a proton pump inhibitor
(PPI)?
A. Ranitidine
B. Omeprazole
C. Famotidine
D. Pantoprazole
Answer: B. Omeprazole
Rationale:
Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) that reduces gastric acid
secretion by blocking the hydrogen-potassium ATPase enzyme system in
the parietal cells of the stomach. Ranitidine and famotidine are H2
receptor antagonists, not PPIs. Pantoprazole is another example of a
PPI.
2. A nurse is administering an anticoagulant to a patient with deep
vein thrombosis. Which of the following lab results should the nurse
monitor regularly?
A. Hemoglobin
B. Platelet count
C. Prothrombin time (PT)
D. Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)
Answer: D. Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)
,Rationale:
aPTT is monitored in patients receiving heparin, a common
anticoagulant, to assess how long it takes for blood to clot. Prothrombin
time (PT) is used to monitor warfarin therapy. Hemoglobin and platelet
count are not used to monitor anticoagulant therapy directly.
3. A nurse is educating a patient about using an albuterol inhaler.
Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
A. "Inhale slowly and deeply when using the inhaler."
B. "Wait 30 minutes between each inhalation."
C. "Use the inhaler before using your corticosteroid inhaler."
D. "You should use the inhaler only when you feel short of breath."
Answer: C. "Use the inhaler before using your corticosteroid inhaler."
Rationale:
Albuterol is a short-acting beta-agonist used as a bronchodilator. It
should be used first to open the airways, followed by corticosteroids,
which work better when airways are clear. The inhaler should be used
as prescribed, not only when short of breath, and the patient should
inhale quickly and deeply.
4. A patient is prescribed digoxin for heart failure. Which of the
following findings should the nurse report immediately to the
provider?
A. Apical pulse of 60 beats per minute
B. Serum potassium level of 3.0 mEq/L
C. Blood pressure of 110/70 mm Hg
D. Respiratory rate of 18 breaths per minute
, Answer: B. Serum potassium level of 3.0 mEq/L
Rationale:
Low potassium levels increase the risk of digoxin toxicity. A serum
potassium level of 3.0 mEq/L is below the normal range (3.5–5.0 mEq/L)
and should be reported immediately. An apical pulse of 60 beats per
minute is within normal limits for adults, and the blood pressure and
respiratory rate are also within normal ranges.
5. A nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving a chemotherapy
agent known to cause nausea and vomiting. Which of the following
medications should the nurse anticipate administering to prevent
these symptoms?
A. Diphenhydramine
B. Ondansetron
C. Furosemide
D. Metoclopramide
Answer: B. Ondansetron
Rationale:
Ondansetron is a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist used to prevent nausea and
vomiting associated with chemotherapy. Diphenhydramine is an
antihistamine used for motion sickness, furosemide is a diuretic, and
metoclopramide is a prokinetic used for nausea but is less specific for
chemotherapy-induced nausea.
6. A nurse is caring for a patient receiving morphine sulfate for pain
management. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse
monitor for?
