2025 NGN HESI RN PHARMACOLOGY REAL EXAMS (4 VERSIONS) WITH
ALL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (100%
CORRECT ANSWERS) RN HESI PHARMACOLOGY WITH NGN LATEST 4
VERSIONS 2024/2025
Question 1:
A nurse is administering enalapril (Vasotec) to a client. The nurse should monitor
for which of the following adverse effects?
A. Hypertension
B. Hyperkalemia
C. Hypoglycemia
D. Tachycardia
Answer: B. Hyperkalemia
Rationale: Enalapril is an ACE inhibitor that can increase potassium levels by
decreasing aldosterone secretion. Hyperkalemia is a known adverse effect of ACE
inhibitors. The nurse should monitor serum potassium levels regularly.
Question 2:
A client is prescribed furosemide (Lasix) for heart failure. The nurse should
monitor the client for which of the following electrolyte imbalances?
A. Hypercalcemia
B. Hypermagnesemia
C. Hypokalemia
D. Hypocalcemia
Answer: C. Hypokalemia
Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that can cause the kidneys to excrete
potassium, leading to hypokalemia. The nurse should monitor potassium levels
and watch for signs of muscle weakness or cramping.
,Question 3:
A nurse is preparing to administer morphine to a client for pain relief. Which of
the following actions should the nurse take first?
A. Assess the client's pain level
B. Check the client's respiratory rate
C. Administer the medication
D. Review the client's history of allergies
Answer: B. Check the client's respiratory rate
Rationale: Morphine is an opioid, which can depress the respiratory system. The
nurse should assess the client's respiratory rate before administering the drug, as
opioid use can lead to respiratory depression, especially if the rate is already low.
Question 4:
A client who is taking warfarin (Coumadin) is scheduled for routine laboratory
tests. Which of the following lab values should the nurse monitor closely?
A. Hemoglobin and hematocrit
B. Platelet count
C. International normalized ratio (INR)
D. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
Answer: C. International normalized ratio (INR)
Rationale: Warfarin is an anticoagulant, and its effectiveness is monitored by the
INR. A therapeutic INR range for most conditions is typically between 2.0 and 3.0.
The nurse should monitor the INR regularly to assess whether the client is at risk
for bleeding or clotting.
Question 5:
, A client is receiving digoxin (Lanoxin) for heart failure. The nurse should be
aware that digoxin toxicity can cause which of the following signs and
symptoms?
A. Tinnitus and hearing loss
B. Blurred vision and yellow halos
C. Increased heart rate and blood pressure
D. Hyperkalemia and muscle weakness
Answer: B. Blurred vision and yellow halos
Rationale: Digoxin toxicity can manifest as visual disturbances, such as blurred
vision or seeing yellow halos around lights. The nurse should monitor for these
symptoms, as well as for signs of other toxic effects like nausea, vomiting, and
arrhythmias.
Question 6:
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving atorvastatin (Lipitor). The nurse
should instruct the client to report which of the following symptoms?
A. Nausea and vomiting
B. Muscle pain and tenderness
C. Difficulty swallowing
D. Increased urination
Answer: B. Muscle pain and tenderness
Rationale: Statins, like atorvastatin, can cause rhabdomyolysis, which results in
muscle pain and tenderness. This condition can lead to kidney damage if
untreated. The nurse should instruct the client to report any unexplained muscle
pain.
Question 7:
A nurse is caring for a client with asthma who is prescribed albuterol (Proventil)
as a rescue inhaler. The nurse should explain to the client that albuterol works
by which of the following mechanisms?
ALL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (100%
CORRECT ANSWERS) RN HESI PHARMACOLOGY WITH NGN LATEST 4
VERSIONS 2024/2025
Question 1:
A nurse is administering enalapril (Vasotec) to a client. The nurse should monitor
for which of the following adverse effects?
A. Hypertension
B. Hyperkalemia
C. Hypoglycemia
D. Tachycardia
Answer: B. Hyperkalemia
Rationale: Enalapril is an ACE inhibitor that can increase potassium levels by
decreasing aldosterone secretion. Hyperkalemia is a known adverse effect of ACE
inhibitors. The nurse should monitor serum potassium levels regularly.
Question 2:
A client is prescribed furosemide (Lasix) for heart failure. The nurse should
monitor the client for which of the following electrolyte imbalances?
A. Hypercalcemia
B. Hypermagnesemia
C. Hypokalemia
D. Hypocalcemia
Answer: C. Hypokalemia
Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that can cause the kidneys to excrete
potassium, leading to hypokalemia. The nurse should monitor potassium levels
and watch for signs of muscle weakness or cramping.
,Question 3:
A nurse is preparing to administer morphine to a client for pain relief. Which of
the following actions should the nurse take first?
A. Assess the client's pain level
B. Check the client's respiratory rate
C. Administer the medication
D. Review the client's history of allergies
Answer: B. Check the client's respiratory rate
Rationale: Morphine is an opioid, which can depress the respiratory system. The
nurse should assess the client's respiratory rate before administering the drug, as
opioid use can lead to respiratory depression, especially if the rate is already low.
Question 4:
A client who is taking warfarin (Coumadin) is scheduled for routine laboratory
tests. Which of the following lab values should the nurse monitor closely?
A. Hemoglobin and hematocrit
B. Platelet count
C. International normalized ratio (INR)
D. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
Answer: C. International normalized ratio (INR)
Rationale: Warfarin is an anticoagulant, and its effectiveness is monitored by the
INR. A therapeutic INR range for most conditions is typically between 2.0 and 3.0.
The nurse should monitor the INR regularly to assess whether the client is at risk
for bleeding or clotting.
Question 5:
, A client is receiving digoxin (Lanoxin) for heart failure. The nurse should be
aware that digoxin toxicity can cause which of the following signs and
symptoms?
A. Tinnitus and hearing loss
B. Blurred vision and yellow halos
C. Increased heart rate and blood pressure
D. Hyperkalemia and muscle weakness
Answer: B. Blurred vision and yellow halos
Rationale: Digoxin toxicity can manifest as visual disturbances, such as blurred
vision or seeing yellow halos around lights. The nurse should monitor for these
symptoms, as well as for signs of other toxic effects like nausea, vomiting, and
arrhythmias.
Question 6:
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving atorvastatin (Lipitor). The nurse
should instruct the client to report which of the following symptoms?
A. Nausea and vomiting
B. Muscle pain and tenderness
C. Difficulty swallowing
D. Increased urination
Answer: B. Muscle pain and tenderness
Rationale: Statins, like atorvastatin, can cause rhabdomyolysis, which results in
muscle pain and tenderness. This condition can lead to kidney damage if
untreated. The nurse should instruct the client to report any unexplained muscle
pain.
Question 7:
A nurse is caring for a client with asthma who is prescribed albuterol (Proventil)
as a rescue inhaler. The nurse should explain to the client that albuterol works
by which of the following mechanisms?
