Pediatric and Adult Medical Conditions Review
1. Group B Strep: The most common pathogen that causes early-onset pneumonia in neonates.
2. Feeding: The first-line treatment for a baby with a glucose of 38.
3. Calcaneal Apophysitis (Sever's Disease): The most likely diagnosis for a 12-year-old boy with activity-
related heel pain.
4. Varicella: The vaccine for which salicylates should be avoided for 6 weeks after vaccination due to the possibility
of Reye syndrome.
5. Epiglottitis: The diagnosis for a child in respiratory distress with dysphagia, drooling, and a tripod posture.
6. Bacterial Meningitis: The diagnosis for a 6-month-old baby with fever and bulging fontanelle, showing increased
WBCs and neutrophil predominance in LP.
7. Gingivostomatitis: The most common presentation for primary HSV-1 infections in kids.
8. Inflammaging: The term for chronic, low-level inflammatory state in the elderly contributing to mortality and age-
related changes.
9. Atrial Septal Defect (ASD): The murmur associated with a wide, fixed split S2.
10.Epstein's Pearls: The small, white cysts on the gums and roof of the mouth in a baby.
11.Recent GI or GU infection: The infection most commonly associated with the triad of arthritis, urethritis, and
conjunctivitis.
12.Plantar Fasciitis: The diagnosis for a 45-year-old male with foot pain worst in the morning and tenderness over
the calcaneal tuberosity.
13.Botox injection: The first-line treatment for spasmodic torticollis in adults.
14.Pertussis: The suspected diagnosis for a child with intense coughing causing post-tussive emesis.
15.Roseola: The likely diagnosis for a 6-month-old infant with fever and a lacy rash starting on the trunk.
16.Diabetes Mellitus: The type of diabetes that is the leading cause of Charcot Arthropathy.
17.Intussusception: The diagnosis for a 2-year-old child with blood-stained stools and abdominal pain, showing a
sausage-shaped mass.
18.Monospot Test: The test that confirms mononucleosis in a child with fever and posterior cervical
lymphadenopathy.
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, Pediatric and Adult Medical Conditions Review
19.Rheumatoid Arthritis: The diagnosis for a patient with morning stiffness and symmetrical joint pain with
positive Anti-CCP antibodies.
20.Neural Tube Defect: The suspected condition for a baby born with a sacral dimple and tuft of hair.
21.2-3 weeks: The age at which a mother is concerned that her baby has been crying for >3 hours a day, for at
least 3 days a week, for 3 weeks.
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1. Group B Strep: The most common pathogen that causes early-onset pneumonia in neonates.
2. Feeding: The first-line treatment for a baby with a glucose of 38.
3. Calcaneal Apophysitis (Sever's Disease): The most likely diagnosis for a 12-year-old boy with activity-
related heel pain.
4. Varicella: The vaccine for which salicylates should be avoided for 6 weeks after vaccination due to the possibility
of Reye syndrome.
5. Epiglottitis: The diagnosis for a child in respiratory distress with dysphagia, drooling, and a tripod posture.
6. Bacterial Meningitis: The diagnosis for a 6-month-old baby with fever and bulging fontanelle, showing increased
WBCs and neutrophil predominance in LP.
7. Gingivostomatitis: The most common presentation for primary HSV-1 infections in kids.
8. Inflammaging: The term for chronic, low-level inflammatory state in the elderly contributing to mortality and age-
related changes.
9. Atrial Septal Defect (ASD): The murmur associated with a wide, fixed split S2.
10.Epstein's Pearls: The small, white cysts on the gums and roof of the mouth in a baby.
11.Recent GI or GU infection: The infection most commonly associated with the triad of arthritis, urethritis, and
conjunctivitis.
12.Plantar Fasciitis: The diagnosis for a 45-year-old male with foot pain worst in the morning and tenderness over
the calcaneal tuberosity.
13.Botox injection: The first-line treatment for spasmodic torticollis in adults.
14.Pertussis: The suspected diagnosis for a child with intense coughing causing post-tussive emesis.
15.Roseola: The likely diagnosis for a 6-month-old infant with fever and a lacy rash starting on the trunk.
16.Diabetes Mellitus: The type of diabetes that is the leading cause of Charcot Arthropathy.
17.Intussusception: The diagnosis for a 2-year-old child with blood-stained stools and abdominal pain, showing a
sausage-shaped mass.
18.Monospot Test: The test that confirms mononucleosis in a child with fever and posterior cervical
lymphadenopathy.
1/
9
, Pediatric and Adult Medical Conditions Review
19.Rheumatoid Arthritis: The diagnosis for a patient with morning stiffness and symmetrical joint pain with
positive Anti-CCP antibodies.
20.Neural Tube Defect: The suspected condition for a baby born with a sacral dimple and tuft of hair.
21.2-3 weeks: The age at which a mother is concerned that her baby has been crying for >3 hours a day, for at
least 3 days a week, for 3 weeks.
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9
