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BIOS 255 Comprehensive Exam Questions and
Answers 100% Pass
Define positive feedback - ANSWER ✔✔-A self-amplifying cycle that leads to greater change in the same
direction
Define negative feedback - ANSWER ✔✔-A process in which the body senses a change and activates
mechanisms that negate or reverse it
What is epithelial tissue? - ANSWER ✔✔-a sheet of cells that covers a body surface or lines a body cavity
Is epithelial tissue vascular or avascular? - ANSWER ✔✔-avascular (it contains no blood vessels)
why is epithelial tissue polar? - ANSWER ✔✔-These cells are polarized and form extensive cell-cell
adhesions, including adherens junctions and tight junctions, with each other
epithelial tissue role in regeneration - ANSWER ✔✔-capable of rapidly replacing damaged and dead
cells.
types of protein fibers in connective tissue - ANSWER ✔✔-collagen fibers, reticular fibers, elastic fibers
what is chondroitin sulfate and where is it located? - ANSWER ✔✔-provides support and adhesiveness in
cartilage, bone, skin, and blood vessels
*most commonly found in cartilage*
what is the function of keratin? - ANSWER ✔✔-Prevents underlying structures from drying out
What is a merocrine gland? - ANSWER ✔✔-glands that release fluids by exocytosis
what are the functions of merocrine glands - ANSWER ✔✔-thermoregulation, secretion, protection
Created by Grace Amelia © 2025, All Rights Reserved.
, 2|Page
What is a sebaceous gland? - ANSWER ✔✔-a small gland in the skin which secretes a lubricating oily
matter (sebum)
function of sebaceous glands - ANSWER ✔✔-produce sebum (oil) into the hair follicles to lubricate the
skin and hair.
What are apocrine glands? - ANSWER ✔✔-glands that secrete fluid
function of apocrine glands - ANSWER ✔✔-produce sweat in response to emotional stress, heat & sexual
activity
what are osteoclasts - ANSWER ✔✔-large cells that resorb or break down bone matrix
function of osteoclasts - ANSWER ✔✔-resorb (destroy) bone matrix to release minerals back to blood.
What are osteoblasts? - ANSWER ✔✔-bone forming cells
function of osteoblasts - ANSWER ✔✔-build bone
what is endochondral ossification - ANSWER ✔✔-Process of transforming cartilage into bone
endochondral ossification - ANSWER ✔✔-Process of transforming cartilage into bone
step 1 of endochondral ossification - ANSWER ✔✔-bone collar forms around the diaphysis of the hyaline
cartilage model
step 2 of endochondral ossification - ANSWER ✔✔-blood vessels grow into perichondrium; cells convert
to osteoblasts; shaft becomes covered with superficial bone
step 3 of endochondral ossification - ANSWER ✔✔-more blood supply and osteoblasts; produces spongy
bone; formation spreads on shaft
step 4 of endochondral ossification - ANSWER ✔✔-The diaphysis elongates and a medullary cavity
forms. Secondary ossification centers appear in the epiphyses.
Created by Grace Amelia © 2025, All Rights Reserved.
BIOS 255 Comprehensive Exam Questions and
Answers 100% Pass
Define positive feedback - ANSWER ✔✔-A self-amplifying cycle that leads to greater change in the same
direction
Define negative feedback - ANSWER ✔✔-A process in which the body senses a change and activates
mechanisms that negate or reverse it
What is epithelial tissue? - ANSWER ✔✔-a sheet of cells that covers a body surface or lines a body cavity
Is epithelial tissue vascular or avascular? - ANSWER ✔✔-avascular (it contains no blood vessels)
why is epithelial tissue polar? - ANSWER ✔✔-These cells are polarized and form extensive cell-cell
adhesions, including adherens junctions and tight junctions, with each other
epithelial tissue role in regeneration - ANSWER ✔✔-capable of rapidly replacing damaged and dead
cells.
types of protein fibers in connective tissue - ANSWER ✔✔-collagen fibers, reticular fibers, elastic fibers
what is chondroitin sulfate and where is it located? - ANSWER ✔✔-provides support and adhesiveness in
cartilage, bone, skin, and blood vessels
*most commonly found in cartilage*
what is the function of keratin? - ANSWER ✔✔-Prevents underlying structures from drying out
What is a merocrine gland? - ANSWER ✔✔-glands that release fluids by exocytosis
what are the functions of merocrine glands - ANSWER ✔✔-thermoregulation, secretion, protection
Created by Grace Amelia © 2025, All Rights Reserved.
, 2|Page
What is a sebaceous gland? - ANSWER ✔✔-a small gland in the skin which secretes a lubricating oily
matter (sebum)
function of sebaceous glands - ANSWER ✔✔-produce sebum (oil) into the hair follicles to lubricate the
skin and hair.
What are apocrine glands? - ANSWER ✔✔-glands that secrete fluid
function of apocrine glands - ANSWER ✔✔-produce sweat in response to emotional stress, heat & sexual
activity
what are osteoclasts - ANSWER ✔✔-large cells that resorb or break down bone matrix
function of osteoclasts - ANSWER ✔✔-resorb (destroy) bone matrix to release minerals back to blood.
What are osteoblasts? - ANSWER ✔✔-bone forming cells
function of osteoblasts - ANSWER ✔✔-build bone
what is endochondral ossification - ANSWER ✔✔-Process of transforming cartilage into bone
endochondral ossification - ANSWER ✔✔-Process of transforming cartilage into bone
step 1 of endochondral ossification - ANSWER ✔✔-bone collar forms around the diaphysis of the hyaline
cartilage model
step 2 of endochondral ossification - ANSWER ✔✔-blood vessels grow into perichondrium; cells convert
to osteoblasts; shaft becomes covered with superficial bone
step 3 of endochondral ossification - ANSWER ✔✔-more blood supply and osteoblasts; produces spongy
bone; formation spreads on shaft
step 4 of endochondral ossification - ANSWER ✔✔-The diaphysis elongates and a medullary cavity
forms. Secondary ossification centers appear in the epiphyses.
Created by Grace Amelia © 2025, All Rights Reserved.
