CriticalgThinkinggClinicalgReasoninggandgClinicalgJudgmentg7thgEditiongAgPracticalgApproa
chgTestgBank
Chapterg1.gWhatgaregCriticalgThinking,gClinicalgReasoning,gandgClinicalgJudgment?gMul
tiplegChoice
Identifygthegchoicegthatgbestgcompletesgthegstatementgorganswersgthegquestion.
g1.gWhichgofgthegfollowinggcharacteristicsgdogthegvariousgdefinitionsgofgcriticalgthinkingghavegi
ngcommon?gCriticalgthinking
1)
Requiresgreasonedgthoughtg2
)
Asksgthegquestionsgwhy?gorghow?g3
)
Isgaghierarchicalgprocessg4
)
DemandsgspecializedgthinkinggskillsgAN
S:g1
ThegdefinitionsglistedgingthegtextgasgwellgasgdefinitionsgingBoxg2-
1gstategthatgcriticalgthinkinggrequiresgreasoninggorgreasonedgthinking.gCriticalgthinkinggisgneitherglin
eargnorghierarchical.gThatgmeansgthatgthegstepsginvolvedgingcriticalgthinkinggaregnotgnecessarilygsequ
ential,gwheregmasterygofgonegstepgisgnecessarygtogproceedgtogthegnext.gCriticalgthinkinggisgagpurpose
ful,gdynamic,ganalyticgprocessgthatgcontributesgtogreasonedgdecisionsgandgsoundgcontextualgjudgme
nts.
PTS:1DIF:Moderateghigh-levelgquestion,ganswergnotgstatedgverbatim
KEY:gNursinggprocess:gN/Ag|gClientgneed:gSECEg|gCognitiveglevel:gAnalysis
g2.gAgfewgnursesgongagunitghavegproposedgtogthegnursegmanagergthatgthegprocessgforgdocumenti
nggcaregongthegunitgbegchanged.gTheyghavegdescribedgagcompletelygnewgsystem.gWhygisgitgimportant
gforgthegnursegmanagergtoghavegagcriticalgattitude?gItgwillghelpgthegmanagergto
1)
Considergallgthegpossiblegadvantagesgandgdisadvantagesg2
)
Maintaingangopengmindgaboutgthegproposedgchangeg3
)
Applygthegnursinggprocessgtogthegsituationg4
)
MakegagdecisiongbasedgongpastgexperiencegwithgdocumentationgAN
S:g2
Agcriticalgattitudegenablesgthegpersongtogthinkgfairlygandgkeepgangopengmind.gPTS:1DIF:ModerateKEY:
gNursinggprocess:gN/Ag|gClientgneed:gSECEg|gCognitiveglevel:gComprehension
, g3.gThegnurseghasgjustgbeengassignedgtogthegclinicalgcaregofgagnewlygadmittedgpatient.gTogkno
wghowgtogbestgcaregforgthegpatient,gthegnursegusesgthegnursinggprocess.gWhichgstepgwouldgthegnurse
gprobablygdogfirst?
1)
Assessmentg2
)
Diagnosisg3
)
Plangoutcomes
g4)
Planginterventions
gANS:g1
Assessmentgisgthegfirstgstepgofgthegnursinggprocess.gThegnursinggdiagnosisgisgderivedgfromgthegdatagg
atheredgduringgassessment,goutcomesgfromgthegdiagnosis,gandginterventionsgfromgthegoutcomes.gPT
S:1DIF:Easy
KEY:gNursinggprocess:gAssessmentg|gClientgneed:gSECEg|gCognitiveglevel:gApplication
g4.gWhichgofgthegfollowinggisgangexamplegofgtheoreticalgknowledge? g
1)
Agnursegusesgsterilegtechniquegtogcatheterizegagpatient.g2)
Roomgairghasgangoxygengconcentrationgofg21%.g3
)
Glucosegmonitoringgmachinesgshouldgbegcalibratedgdaily.g4
)
Angirregulargapicalgheartgrategshouldgbegcomparedgwithgthegradialgpulse.gA
NS:g2
Theoreticalgknowledgegconsistsgofgresearchgfindings,gfacts,gprinciples,gandgtheories.gThegoxygengc
oncentrationgofgroomgairgisgagscientificgfact.gThegothersgaregexamplesgofgpracticalgknowledgewhatgt
ogdogandghowgtogdogit.
PTS:1DIF:Moderate;ghigh-levelgquestion,ganswergnotgstatedgverbatim
KEY:gNursinggprocess:gN/Ag|gClientgneed:gSECEg|gCognitiveglevel:gApplication
g5.gWhichgofgthegfollowinggisgangexamplegofgpracticalgknowledge? g(Assumegallgaregtrue.)g1
)
Thegtricuspidgvalvegisgbetweengthegrightgatriumgandgventriclegofgthegheart.g2)
Thegpancreasgdoesgnotgproducegenoughginsulingingtypeg1gdiabetes.g3)
Whengassessinggthegabdomen,gyougshouldgauscultategbeforegpalpating.g4)
Researchgshowsgpaingmedicationggivengintravenouslygactsgfastergthangbygothergroutes.gA
NS:g3
,Practicalgknowledgegisgknowinggwhatgtogdogandghowgtogdogit,gsuchgasghowgtogdogangassessment.gThe
gothersgaregexamplesgofgtheoreticalgknowledge,ganatomyg(tricuspidgvalve),gfactg(typeg1gdiabetes),ga
ndgresearchg(IVgpaingmedication).
PTS:1DIF:Moderateghigh-levelgquestion,ganswergnotgstatedgverbatim
KEY:gNursinggprocess:gN/Ag|gClientgneed:gSECEg|gCognitiveglevel:gApplication
g6.gWhichgofgthegfollowinggisgangexamplegofgself-
knowledge?gThegnursegthinks,gIgknowgthatgIg1)
Shouldgtakegthegclientsgapicalgpulsegforg1gminutegbeforeggivinggdigoxing2
)
ShouldgfollowgthegclientsgwishesgevengthoughgitgisgnotgwhatgIgwouldgwantg3)
Havegreligiousgbeliefsgthatgmaygmakegitgdifficultgtogtakegcaregofgsomegclientsg4)
NeedgtoghonorgthegclientsgrequestgnotgtogdiscussghisghealthgconcerngwithgthegfamilygANS:g
3
Self-
knowledgegisgbeinggawaregofgyourgreligiousgandgculturalgbeliefsgandgvalues.gTakinggthegpulsegisgange
xamplegofgpracticalgknowledge.gFollowinggclientgwishesgandghonoringgclientgrequestsgaregexample
sgofgethicalgknowledge.
PTS:1DIFifficult;ghigh-levelgquestion,ganswergnotgstatedgverbatimg|gV1,ghigh-
levelgquestion,ganswergnotgstatedgverbatim
KEY:gNursinggprocess:gN/Ag|gClientgneed:gSECEg|gCognitiveglevel:gApplication
g7.gWhichgofgthegfollowinggisgthegmostgimportantgreasongforgnursesgtogbegcriticalgthinkers? g1
)
Nursesgneedgtogfollowgpoliciesgandgprocedures.g2
)
Nursesgworkgwithgotherghealthcaregteamgmembers.g3
)
Nursesgcaregforgclientsgwhoghavegmultipleghealthgproblems.g4)
Nursesghavegtogbegflexiblegandgworkgvariablegschedules.g
ANS:g3
Criticalgthinkinggisgessentialgforgclientgcare,gparticularlygwhengthegcaregisgcomplex,ginvolvinggnumerous
ghealthgissues.gFollowinggpoliciesgandgproceduresgdoesgnotgnecessarilygrequiregcriticalgthinking,gandgwo
rkinggwithgothersgorgbeinggflexiblegandgworkinggdifferentgschedulesgdognotgnecessarilygrequiregcriticalgt
hinking.
PTS:1DIF:Moderate;ghigh-levelgquestion,ganswergnotgstatedgverbatim
KEY:gNursinggprocess:gN/Ag|gClientgneed:gSECEg|gCognitiveglevel:gApplication
g8.gThegnursegadministeringgpaingmedicationgeveryg4ghoursgisgangexamplegofgwhichgaspectgofgp
atientgcare?
1)
Assessmentgdata
g2)
Nursinggdiagnosis
, 3)
Patientgoutcome
g4)
Nursinggintervention
gANS:g4
Interventionsgaregactivitiesgthatgwillghelpgthegpatientgachievegaggoal,gsuchgasgadministeringgpain-
grelievinggmedication.gAngexamplegofgassessmentgdatagmightgbe,gPatientgreportsgpaingisgag5gongag1gto
g10gscale.gThegnursinggdiagnosisgwouldgbegPain.gThegnursegmightgdefinegthegpatientgoutcomegingthisg
scenariogas,gThegpatientgwillgstategtheglevelgofgpaingisglessgthang4.
PTS:1DIF:Moderate;ghigh-levelgquestion,ganswergnotgstatedgverbatim
KEY:gNursinggprocess:gInterventionsg|gClientgneed:gSECEg|gCognitiveglevel:gApplication
g9.gHowgdoesgnursinggdiagnosisgdiffergfromgagmedicalgdiagnosis? gAgnursinggdiagnosisgisg1
)
Terminologygforgthegclientsgdiseasegorginjuryg
2)
Agpartgofgthegclientsgmedicalgdiagnosisg3
)
Thegclientsgpresentinggsignsgandgsymptomsg
4)
AgclientsgresponsegtogaghealthgproblemgA
NS:g4
Agnursinggdiagnosisgisgthegclientsgresponsegtogactualgorgpotentialghealthgproblems.gPTS:1DIF:Mode
rateKEY:gNursinggprocess:gDiagnosisg|gClientgneed:gSECEg|gCognitiveglevel:gRecall
g10.gWhichgstatementgaboutgthegnursinggprocessgisgcorrect? g
1)
ItgwasgdevelopedgfromgthegANAgStandardsgofgCare.g
2)
Itgisgagproblem-
solvinggmethodgtogguidegnursinggactivities.g3)
Itgisgaglineargprocessgwithgseparate,gdistinctgsteps.g4)
Itginvolvesgcaregthatgonlygthegnursegwillggive.gAN
S:g2
Thegnursinggprocessgisgagproblem-
solvinggprocessgthatgguidesgnursinggactions.gThegANAgorganizesgitsgStandardsgofgCaregaroundgtheg
nursinggprocess,gbutgthegprocessgwasgnotgdevelopedgfromgthegstandards.gThegnursinggprocessgisgcycl
icalgandginvolvesgcaregthegnursesggivegorgdelegategtogothergmembersgofgtheghealthcaregteam.
PTS:1DIF:EasyKEY:Nursinggprocess:gN/Ag|gClientgneed:gSECEg|gCognitiveglevel:gRecall
g11.gWhatgdogcriticalgthinkinggandgthegnursinggprocessghavegingcommon? g1
)
Theygaregbothglineargprocessesgusedgtogguidegonesgthinking.g2
)
chgTestgBank
Chapterg1.gWhatgaregCriticalgThinking,gClinicalgReasoning,gandgClinicalgJudgment?gMul
tiplegChoice
Identifygthegchoicegthatgbestgcompletesgthegstatementgorganswersgthegquestion.
g1.gWhichgofgthegfollowinggcharacteristicsgdogthegvariousgdefinitionsgofgcriticalgthinkingghavegi
ngcommon?gCriticalgthinking
1)
Requiresgreasonedgthoughtg2
)
Asksgthegquestionsgwhy?gorghow?g3
)
Isgaghierarchicalgprocessg4
)
DemandsgspecializedgthinkinggskillsgAN
S:g1
ThegdefinitionsglistedgingthegtextgasgwellgasgdefinitionsgingBoxg2-
1gstategthatgcriticalgthinkinggrequiresgreasoninggorgreasonedgthinking.gCriticalgthinkinggisgneitherglin
eargnorghierarchical.gThatgmeansgthatgthegstepsginvolvedgingcriticalgthinkinggaregnotgnecessarilygsequ
ential,gwheregmasterygofgonegstepgisgnecessarygtogproceedgtogthegnext.gCriticalgthinkinggisgagpurpose
ful,gdynamic,ganalyticgprocessgthatgcontributesgtogreasonedgdecisionsgandgsoundgcontextualgjudgme
nts.
PTS:1DIF:Moderateghigh-levelgquestion,ganswergnotgstatedgverbatim
KEY:gNursinggprocess:gN/Ag|gClientgneed:gSECEg|gCognitiveglevel:gAnalysis
g2.gAgfewgnursesgongagunitghavegproposedgtogthegnursegmanagergthatgthegprocessgforgdocumenti
nggcaregongthegunitgbegchanged.gTheyghavegdescribedgagcompletelygnewgsystem.gWhygisgitgimportant
gforgthegnursegmanagergtoghavegagcriticalgattitude?gItgwillghelpgthegmanagergto
1)
Considergallgthegpossiblegadvantagesgandgdisadvantagesg2
)
Maintaingangopengmindgaboutgthegproposedgchangeg3
)
Applygthegnursinggprocessgtogthegsituationg4
)
MakegagdecisiongbasedgongpastgexperiencegwithgdocumentationgAN
S:g2
Agcriticalgattitudegenablesgthegpersongtogthinkgfairlygandgkeepgangopengmind.gPTS:1DIF:ModerateKEY:
gNursinggprocess:gN/Ag|gClientgneed:gSECEg|gCognitiveglevel:gComprehension
, g3.gThegnurseghasgjustgbeengassignedgtogthegclinicalgcaregofgagnewlygadmittedgpatient.gTogkno
wghowgtogbestgcaregforgthegpatient,gthegnursegusesgthegnursinggprocess.gWhichgstepgwouldgthegnurse
gprobablygdogfirst?
1)
Assessmentg2
)
Diagnosisg3
)
Plangoutcomes
g4)
Planginterventions
gANS:g1
Assessmentgisgthegfirstgstepgofgthegnursinggprocess.gThegnursinggdiagnosisgisgderivedgfromgthegdatagg
atheredgduringgassessment,goutcomesgfromgthegdiagnosis,gandginterventionsgfromgthegoutcomes.gPT
S:1DIF:Easy
KEY:gNursinggprocess:gAssessmentg|gClientgneed:gSECEg|gCognitiveglevel:gApplication
g4.gWhichgofgthegfollowinggisgangexamplegofgtheoreticalgknowledge? g
1)
Agnursegusesgsterilegtechniquegtogcatheterizegagpatient.g2)
Roomgairghasgangoxygengconcentrationgofg21%.g3
)
Glucosegmonitoringgmachinesgshouldgbegcalibratedgdaily.g4
)
Angirregulargapicalgheartgrategshouldgbegcomparedgwithgthegradialgpulse.gA
NS:g2
Theoreticalgknowledgegconsistsgofgresearchgfindings,gfacts,gprinciples,gandgtheories.gThegoxygengc
oncentrationgofgroomgairgisgagscientificgfact.gThegothersgaregexamplesgofgpracticalgknowledgewhatgt
ogdogandghowgtogdogit.
PTS:1DIF:Moderate;ghigh-levelgquestion,ganswergnotgstatedgverbatim
KEY:gNursinggprocess:gN/Ag|gClientgneed:gSECEg|gCognitiveglevel:gApplication
g5.gWhichgofgthegfollowinggisgangexamplegofgpracticalgknowledge? g(Assumegallgaregtrue.)g1
)
Thegtricuspidgvalvegisgbetweengthegrightgatriumgandgventriclegofgthegheart.g2)
Thegpancreasgdoesgnotgproducegenoughginsulingingtypeg1gdiabetes.g3)
Whengassessinggthegabdomen,gyougshouldgauscultategbeforegpalpating.g4)
Researchgshowsgpaingmedicationggivengintravenouslygactsgfastergthangbygothergroutes.gA
NS:g3
,Practicalgknowledgegisgknowinggwhatgtogdogandghowgtogdogit,gsuchgasghowgtogdogangassessment.gThe
gothersgaregexamplesgofgtheoreticalgknowledge,ganatomyg(tricuspidgvalve),gfactg(typeg1gdiabetes),ga
ndgresearchg(IVgpaingmedication).
PTS:1DIF:Moderateghigh-levelgquestion,ganswergnotgstatedgverbatim
KEY:gNursinggprocess:gN/Ag|gClientgneed:gSECEg|gCognitiveglevel:gApplication
g6.gWhichgofgthegfollowinggisgangexamplegofgself-
knowledge?gThegnursegthinks,gIgknowgthatgIg1)
Shouldgtakegthegclientsgapicalgpulsegforg1gminutegbeforeggivinggdigoxing2
)
ShouldgfollowgthegclientsgwishesgevengthoughgitgisgnotgwhatgIgwouldgwantg3)
Havegreligiousgbeliefsgthatgmaygmakegitgdifficultgtogtakegcaregofgsomegclientsg4)
NeedgtoghonorgthegclientsgrequestgnotgtogdiscussghisghealthgconcerngwithgthegfamilygANS:g
3
Self-
knowledgegisgbeinggawaregofgyourgreligiousgandgculturalgbeliefsgandgvalues.gTakinggthegpulsegisgange
xamplegofgpracticalgknowledge.gFollowinggclientgwishesgandghonoringgclientgrequestsgaregexample
sgofgethicalgknowledge.
PTS:1DIFifficult;ghigh-levelgquestion,ganswergnotgstatedgverbatimg|gV1,ghigh-
levelgquestion,ganswergnotgstatedgverbatim
KEY:gNursinggprocess:gN/Ag|gClientgneed:gSECEg|gCognitiveglevel:gApplication
g7.gWhichgofgthegfollowinggisgthegmostgimportantgreasongforgnursesgtogbegcriticalgthinkers? g1
)
Nursesgneedgtogfollowgpoliciesgandgprocedures.g2
)
Nursesgworkgwithgotherghealthcaregteamgmembers.g3
)
Nursesgcaregforgclientsgwhoghavegmultipleghealthgproblems.g4)
Nursesghavegtogbegflexiblegandgworkgvariablegschedules.g
ANS:g3
Criticalgthinkinggisgessentialgforgclientgcare,gparticularlygwhengthegcaregisgcomplex,ginvolvinggnumerous
ghealthgissues.gFollowinggpoliciesgandgproceduresgdoesgnotgnecessarilygrequiregcriticalgthinking,gandgwo
rkinggwithgothersgorgbeinggflexiblegandgworkinggdifferentgschedulesgdognotgnecessarilygrequiregcriticalgt
hinking.
PTS:1DIF:Moderate;ghigh-levelgquestion,ganswergnotgstatedgverbatim
KEY:gNursinggprocess:gN/Ag|gClientgneed:gSECEg|gCognitiveglevel:gApplication
g8.gThegnursegadministeringgpaingmedicationgeveryg4ghoursgisgangexamplegofgwhichgaspectgofgp
atientgcare?
1)
Assessmentgdata
g2)
Nursinggdiagnosis
, 3)
Patientgoutcome
g4)
Nursinggintervention
gANS:g4
Interventionsgaregactivitiesgthatgwillghelpgthegpatientgachievegaggoal,gsuchgasgadministeringgpain-
grelievinggmedication.gAngexamplegofgassessmentgdatagmightgbe,gPatientgreportsgpaingisgag5gongag1gto
g10gscale.gThegnursinggdiagnosisgwouldgbegPain.gThegnursegmightgdefinegthegpatientgoutcomegingthisg
scenariogas,gThegpatientgwillgstategtheglevelgofgpaingisglessgthang4.
PTS:1DIF:Moderate;ghigh-levelgquestion,ganswergnotgstatedgverbatim
KEY:gNursinggprocess:gInterventionsg|gClientgneed:gSECEg|gCognitiveglevel:gApplication
g9.gHowgdoesgnursinggdiagnosisgdiffergfromgagmedicalgdiagnosis? gAgnursinggdiagnosisgisg1
)
Terminologygforgthegclientsgdiseasegorginjuryg
2)
Agpartgofgthegclientsgmedicalgdiagnosisg3
)
Thegclientsgpresentinggsignsgandgsymptomsg
4)
AgclientsgresponsegtogaghealthgproblemgA
NS:g4
Agnursinggdiagnosisgisgthegclientsgresponsegtogactualgorgpotentialghealthgproblems.gPTS:1DIF:Mode
rateKEY:gNursinggprocess:gDiagnosisg|gClientgneed:gSECEg|gCognitiveglevel:gRecall
g10.gWhichgstatementgaboutgthegnursinggprocessgisgcorrect? g
1)
ItgwasgdevelopedgfromgthegANAgStandardsgofgCare.g
2)
Itgisgagproblem-
solvinggmethodgtogguidegnursinggactivities.g3)
Itgisgaglineargprocessgwithgseparate,gdistinctgsteps.g4)
Itginvolvesgcaregthatgonlygthegnursegwillggive.gAN
S:g2
Thegnursinggprocessgisgagproblem-
solvinggprocessgthatgguidesgnursinggactions.gThegANAgorganizesgitsgStandardsgofgCaregaroundgtheg
nursinggprocess,gbutgthegprocessgwasgnotgdevelopedgfromgthegstandards.gThegnursinggprocessgisgcycl
icalgandginvolvesgcaregthegnursesggivegorgdelegategtogothergmembersgofgtheghealthcaregteam.
PTS:1DIF:EasyKEY:Nursinggprocess:gN/Ag|gClientgneed:gSECEg|gCognitiveglevel:gRecall
g11.gWhatgdogcriticalgthinkinggandgthegnursinggprocessghavegingcommon? g1
)
Theygaregbothglineargprocessesgusedgtogguidegonesgthinking.g2
)
