ADL Quiz 1
1. Pinacocytes: flattened cells that collectively make up the outer sponge body wall
2. Amoebocytes: mobile cell that carries food to other sponge cells and has ability to transform in any other cell type
3. Porocytes: doughnut-shaped cell that channels water into radial canals
4. Choanocyte: flagellated cell that lines the interior surface of radial canals and captures food particles for the
sponge
5. The 3 body types in sponges from least to most complex: Asconoid, Syconoid, Leuconoid
6. Which type of sponge will be able to attain the greatest size and why?: leu- conoid because it has high SA:V ratio
7. Water flows in sponge through: ostia, porocytes, radial canals, spongocoel, and osculum
8. True or false?
Sponges have ability to reproduce sexually and asexually: True
9. The amount of food needed by a sponge is going to be determined by which of the following?: the total volume of
cells in its body
10.Which of the following is a good reason to conclude that sponges are not a 'dead end'?: sponges have persisted for
millions of years and are quite ecologically successful
11.Which of the following explanations for the unusual nature of sponge bodies is inconsistent with sponges
being animals?
a) sponges and other animals share a common ancestor with a sponge-like body
b) sponges originally had a more complex body and it has evolved to become more simple
c) the sponge body represents a separate evolution of multi-cellularity from that of animals with other levels of body
organization: C
12.What is the advantage of a folded or convoluted body wall in sponges?: It increases surface area for absorption of
nutrients
13.What cell type in sponges is responsible for producing the water current through the sponge?: Choanocytes
14.What other two important functions do choanocytes serve?: filters food particles with collar & becomes sperm
during sexual reproduction
15.What cell type in sponges is responsible for distributing nutrients to other cells?: amoebocytes
16.What other important 2 roles do amoebocytes perform?: totipotent cells, produce spicules and spongin, digest
food particles, become eggs during sexual reproduction
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, ADL Quiz 1
17. Sponge "skeletal support" made of calcium carbonate or silica are called?-
spicules
18.B: On figure B, which line A (green) or B (yellow) arrows represent t water through the sponge? he flow
of
19.Name the structures involved in water movement: ostium>poro-
cyte>choanocytes>spongocoel>osculum
20.Classification: phylum porifera, class homoscleromorpha, class calcarea, class hexactinellida, class demospongiae
21.organization: no true tissue, cellular level
22.embryonic development: N/A
23.symmetry: asymmetrical
24.skeleton/support: spicules and spongin
25.movement/locomotion: Motile as larvae, sessile as adults
26.sensory/nervous: no nervous system
27.digestion/feeding: uptake via choanocytes; nutrient transport via amoebo- cytes, filter feeder, intracellular
digestion only
28.excretory/osmoregulation: cellular, waste released out of osculum, diffusion
29.circulation: diffusion, no TRUE circulation
30.respiration: cellular, diffusion
31.reproduction: asexual or sexual, monoecious or dioecious
32.osculum(asconoid): A
33.ostia(asconoid): B
34.spongocoel(asconoid): D
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1. Pinacocytes: flattened cells that collectively make up the outer sponge body wall
2. Amoebocytes: mobile cell that carries food to other sponge cells and has ability to transform in any other cell type
3. Porocytes: doughnut-shaped cell that channels water into radial canals
4. Choanocyte: flagellated cell that lines the interior surface of radial canals and captures food particles for the
sponge
5. The 3 body types in sponges from least to most complex: Asconoid, Syconoid, Leuconoid
6. Which type of sponge will be able to attain the greatest size and why?: leu- conoid because it has high SA:V ratio
7. Water flows in sponge through: ostia, porocytes, radial canals, spongocoel, and osculum
8. True or false?
Sponges have ability to reproduce sexually and asexually: True
9. The amount of food needed by a sponge is going to be determined by which of the following?: the total volume of
cells in its body
10.Which of the following is a good reason to conclude that sponges are not a 'dead end'?: sponges have persisted for
millions of years and are quite ecologically successful
11.Which of the following explanations for the unusual nature of sponge bodies is inconsistent with sponges
being animals?
a) sponges and other animals share a common ancestor with a sponge-like body
b) sponges originally had a more complex body and it has evolved to become more simple
c) the sponge body represents a separate evolution of multi-cellularity from that of animals with other levels of body
organization: C
12.What is the advantage of a folded or convoluted body wall in sponges?: It increases surface area for absorption of
nutrients
13.What cell type in sponges is responsible for producing the water current through the sponge?: Choanocytes
14.What other two important functions do choanocytes serve?: filters food particles with collar & becomes sperm
during sexual reproduction
15.What cell type in sponges is responsible for distributing nutrients to other cells?: amoebocytes
16.What other important 2 roles do amoebocytes perform?: totipotent cells, produce spicules and spongin, digest
food particles, become eggs during sexual reproduction
1/
7
, ADL Quiz 1
17. Sponge "skeletal support" made of calcium carbonate or silica are called?-
spicules
18.B: On figure B, which line A (green) or B (yellow) arrows represent t water through the sponge? he flow
of
19.Name the structures involved in water movement: ostium>poro-
cyte>choanocytes>spongocoel>osculum
20.Classification: phylum porifera, class homoscleromorpha, class calcarea, class hexactinellida, class demospongiae
21.organization: no true tissue, cellular level
22.embryonic development: N/A
23.symmetry: asymmetrical
24.skeleton/support: spicules and spongin
25.movement/locomotion: Motile as larvae, sessile as adults
26.sensory/nervous: no nervous system
27.digestion/feeding: uptake via choanocytes; nutrient transport via amoebo- cytes, filter feeder, intracellular
digestion only
28.excretory/osmoregulation: cellular, waste released out of osculum, diffusion
29.circulation: diffusion, no TRUE circulation
30.respiration: cellular, diffusion
31.reproduction: asexual or sexual, monoecious or dioecious
32.osculum(asconoid): A
33.ostia(asconoid): B
34.spongocoel(asconoid): D
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