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Complete Test Preparation b b
Section I – b b
bReading ComprehensionQuestions:
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45
Time: 45 Minutes Section
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II –b
bMathematicsQuestions: b b
50
Time: 60 Minutes
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Section III – Part 1 -
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bEnglish Grammar (optional)Questions: 50
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Time: 50 Minutes
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Section III - Part II –
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bVocabularyQuestions: 50 b b
Time: 50 Minutes
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Section IV – Part I –
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bScience (optional)Questions: 50
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Time: 50 minutes
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Section IV – Part II –
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bAnatomy & Physiology (optional)Questions: 50
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Time: 50 minutes
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Questions 1 – 4 refer to the following passage.Passage 1 -
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b Infectious Disease b
An infectious disease is a clinically evident illness resulting from the presence of pathogenic
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agents, such as viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa, multi-
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cellular parasites, and unusual proteinknown as prions. Infectious pathologies are also called comm
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unicable diseases or transmissibdiseases, due to their potential of transmission from one person or
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species to another by a replicating agent (as opposed to a toxin).
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Transmission of an infectious disease can occur in many different ways. Physical contact, liquids, fo
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od, body fluids, contaminated objects, and airborne inhalation can all transmit infectin
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agents.
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Transmissible diseases that occur through contact with an ill person, or objects touched bythem, are
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especially infective, and are sometimes referred to as contagious diseases.
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Communicable diseases that require a more specialized route of infection, such as through blood or
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needle transmission, or sexual transmission, are usually not regarded as contagious.
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The term infectivity describes the ability of an organism to enter, survive and multiply in the host, whi
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le the infectiousness of a disease indicates the comparative ease with which the disease is transmi
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tted. An infection however, is not synonymous with an infectious disease, asan infection may not ca
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use important clinical symptoms. 1
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1. What can we infer from the first paragraph in this passage?
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a. Sickness from a toxin can be easily transmitted from one person to another.
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b. Sickness from an infectious disease can be easily transmitted from one person to another.
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c. Few sicknesses are transmitted from one person to another.
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d. Infectious diseases are easily treated. b b b b
2. What are two other names for infections’ pathologies?
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a. Communicable diseases or transmissible diseases b b b b
b. Communicable diseases or terminal diseases b b b b
c. Transmissible diseases or preventable diseases b b b b
d. Communicative diseases or unstable diseases b b b b
3. What does infectivity describe?
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a. The inability of an organism to multiply in the host
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b. The inability of an organism to reproduce
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c. The ability of an organism to enter, survive and multiply in the host
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d. The ability of an organism to reproduce in the host
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4. How do we know an infection is not synonymous with an infectious disease?
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a. Because an infectious disease destroys infections with enough time.
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b. Because an infection may not cause important clinical symptoms or impair host function.
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c. We do not. The two are synonymous.
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d. Because an infection is too fatal to be an infectious disease.
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Questions 5 – b b
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8 refer to the following passage.Passage 2 - Viruses
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A virus (from the Latin virus meaning toxin or poison) is a small infectious agent that can
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replicate only inside the living cells of other organisms. Most viruses are too small to be seendirectly
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with a microscope. Viruses infect all types of organisms, from animals and plants to bacteria and sin
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gle-celled organisms. b
Unlike prions and viroids, viruses consist of two or three parts: all viruses have genes made
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from either DNA or RNA, allnhurasyvlaeb.coam p-
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bTrhoe tMeariknetpclaoceatot Btuhyaantd p
bSerlloyotuer cSttusdy tMhae
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l genes, and some have an b b b b bbbb b b b b
envelope of fat that surrounds them when they are outside a cell. (Viroids do not have a proteicoat a
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nd prions contain no RNA or DNA.) Viruses vary from simple to very complex structuresMost viruses
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bare about one hundred times smaller than an average bacterium. The origins of viruses in the evoluti
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onary history of life are unclear: some may have evolved from plasmids—
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bpieces of DNA that can move between cells—while others may have evolved from bacteria.
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Viruses spread in many ways; plant viruses are often transmitted from plant to plant by insect that fe
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ed on sap, such as aphids, while animal viruses can be carried by blood-
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sucking insectsThese disease- b b b
bearing organisms are known as vectors. Influenza viruses are spread by coughing and sneezing.
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HIV is one of several viruses transmitted through sexual contact and b exposure to infected blood. Vir
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uses can infect only a limited range of host cells called the “hosrange”. This can be broad as when a
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virus is capable of infecting many species or narrow. 2
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5. What can we infer from the first paragraph in this selection?
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a. A virus is the same as bacterium b b b b b b
b. A person with excellent vision can see a virus with the naked eye
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c. A virus cannot be seen with the naked eye
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d. Not all viruses are dangerous b b b b
6. What types of organisms do viruses infect? b b b b b b
a. Only plants and humans b b b
b. Only animals and humans b b b
c. Only disease-prone humans b b
d. All types of organisms b b b
7. How many parts do prions and viroids consist of? b b b b b b b b
a. Two
b. Three
c. Either less than two or more than three b b b b b b b
d. Less than two b b
8. What is one common virus spread by coughing and sneezing? b b b b b b b b b
a. AIDS
b. Influenza
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