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e e e e e e e e e
CHAPTER 2: Influential Theories
e e e
MULTIPLEeCHOICE
1. WhicheofetheefollowingeiseNOTeaefeatureeofetheories?
a. Theorieseshapeehoweweethink.
b. Theorieseguideeresearch.
c. Theorieseareeequallyeaccurateeateexplainingebehavior.
d. Theoriesecanebeeexpliciteoreimplicit.
ANS:e C DIF: Easy
REF:e Introduction:eGreateMindseDon'teThinkeAlikeeTOP:e Introduction:eGr
eateMindseDon'teThinkeAlike MSC:e Factual
2. Whateiseaecharacteristiceofeaneinfluentialetheory?
a. tendsetoebeedescribedeformally
b. articulateseaeseteofeexplicitepremises
c. makesepredictionsethatewithstandemultipleetests
d. Alleofetheeanswereoptionseareecorrect.
ANS:e D DIF: Easy
REF:e WhateMakeseaeTheoryeInfluential?eTOP:e WhateMakeseae
TheoryeInfluential? MSC:e Factual
3. WhicheofetheefollowingeiseNOTeaefundamentalepremiseeofetheeevolutionaryeperspectiveeoneintimateer
elationships?
a. Humansemustereproduceetoepassetheiregeneseonetoetheenextegeneration.
b. Survivaleduringeinfancyerequireseaneabilityetoemaintaineproximityetoeaeprimaryecaregiver.
c. Throughenaturaleselection,ehumanseevolvedecharacteristicewayseofeattractingeandeselectinge
mates.
d. Featuresethatecontributeetoesuccessfulereproductioneareepassededownefromegenerationetoeg
eneration.
ANS:e B DIF: Easy
REF:e TheeEvolutionaryePerspectiveeTOP:e TheeEvolutiona
ryePerspective MSC:e Factual
4. Aetypeeofeadaptationecallede“sexualeselection”eoccursewheneaecharacteristicehaseevolvedebecauseeit:
a. increaseseaneorganism’sechanceseofesuccessfullyereproducing.
b. increaseseaneorganism’sechanceseforesurvival.
c. increaseseaneorganism’sechanceseofefindingefood.
d. decreaseseaneorganism’seexposureetoepredators.
ANS:e A DIF:e Easy
REF:e TheeEvolutionaryePerspectiveeTOP:e TheeEvolutionar
yePerspective:eFundamentaleassumptions:eSexualeselectioneMSC:e Factual
5. Peacocksehaveebrilliantlyecoloredetailefeathers.eThiseiseaneexampleeof:
a. aneadaptiveeproblem. c. cross-specieseresearch.
b. sexualeselection. d. referencing.
ANS:e B DIF:e Medium
REF:e TheeEvolutionaryePerspectiveeTOP:e TheeEvolutionar
yePerspective:eFundamentaleassumptions:eSexualeselectioneMSC:e Applied
1
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6. Accordingetoeevolutionaryepsychologists,etheepreferences,ecapacities,eresponses,eandestrategiesethatec
haracterizeeourespecieseareecalled:
a. adaptiveeproblems. c. psychologicalemechanisms.
b. sexualeselection. d. adaptations.
ANS:e C DIF: Easy REF:e TheeEvolutionaryePerspective
TOP:e TheeEvolutionaryePerspective:eFundamentaleassumptions:ePhysiologicalemechanismseMSC
:e Factual
7. WhicheofetheefollowingestatementsedoeseNOTeexpresseaepositioneconsistentewitheevolutionaryep
erspectiveseoneintimateerelationships?
a. Malesehaveedevelopedeconsciouseandeexplicitepreferenceseforefertilityeinepotentialesexualep
artners.
b. Evolvedepsychologicalemechanismseareeresponsiveetoecueseinetheeenvironment.
c. Mateepreferenceseevolvedetoeadaptenotetoetheecurrenteenvironmentebut,erather,etoetheee
nvironmentethatehumansefacedethousandseofeyearseago.
d. Preferencesethateincreaseereproductiveesuccesseshouldebeepassededowneacrossegenerations,ee
veneifethoseepreferenceseimpedeesurvival.
ANS:e A DIF: Difficult REF:e TheeEvolutionaryePerspective
TOP:e TheeEvolutionaryePerspective:eFundamentaleassumptions:eGenderedifferenceseinematee
preferenceseandematingebehaviors MSC:e Conceptual
8. Accordingetoetheetheoryeofeparentaleinvestment,emeneandewomenediffereinetheeamounteofeenergyeandere
sourcesetheyeinvestetoeraiseesurvivingeoffspring,ewitheparentaleinvestmentebeingehighereforewomenetha
neforemen.eConsequently,emeneandewomenehaveeevolvededifferentemateepreferences.eWhicheofetheefollo
wingeiseNOTeconsistentewithetheetheoryeofeparentaleinvestment?
a. Li-yingealwaysedatesemenewhoeareetallerethanesheeis.
b. Yasirehasedatede(andehadesexualerelationsewith)eonlyeoneewoman,etheeoneetoewhomeheeisem
arried.
c. Brettegoeseonedatesewithemanyewomenebutestopseseeingethemeifeheefindseoutetheyeareenotevi
rgins.
d. Tatianaedoesenotedateemaleestudentseateherecollege;erather,esheeonlyedatesemenewhoehaveee
stablishedecareers.
ANS:e B DIF: Medium REF:e TheeEvolutionaryePerspective
TOP:e TheeEvolutionaryePerspective:eFundamentaleassumptions:eGenderedifferenceseinematee
preferenceseandematingebehaviors MSC:e Applied
9. Accordingetoetheetheoryeofeparentaleinvestment,emeneandewomenediffereinetheeamounteofeenergyeandere
sourcesetheyeinvestetoeraiseesurvivingeoffspring,ewitheparentaleinvestmentebeingehighereforewomenetha
neforemen.eConsequently,emeneandewomenehaveeevolvededifferentemateepreferences.eWhicheofetheefollo
wingeisemosteconsistentewithetheetheoryeofeparentaleinvestment?
a. Rachelemostlyedatesemenewhoeareeshorterethanesheeis.
b. Randipehasehadesexualerelationsewitheonlyeoneewoman,etheeoneetoewhomeheeisemarried.
c. Blaireisedatingeaewomanewhoehaseae2-year-oldedaughterefromeaepreviouserelationship.
d. Tatianaedoesenotedateemaleestudentseateherecollege;erather,esheeonlyedatesemenewhoehaveee
stablishedecareers.
ANS:e D DIF: Medium REF:e TheeEvolutionaryePerspective
TOP:e TheeEvolutionaryePerspective:eFundamentaleassumptions:eGenderedifferenceseinematee
preferenceseandematingebehaviors MSC:e Applied
2
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, DOWNLOAD THE Test Bank for Intimate Relationships 3rd Edition Bradbury
e e e e e e e e e
10. WhicheofetheefollowingeiseNOTeaeproblemefacingeresearchersetakingeaneevolutionaryeperspectiveeonei
ntimateerelationships?
a. narrowingetheedefinitioneofepsychologicalemechanism
b. determiningewhethereaebehavioreisetheeproducteofeaneevolvedepsychologicalemechanism
c. knowingewhereetoelookeforeevidenceeofeevolvedepsychologicalemechanisms
d. conductingelongitudinalestudiesetoelookeforeevidenceeofeevolvedepsychologicale
mechanisms
ANS:e D DIF: Medium
REF:e TheeEvolutionaryePerspectiveeTOP:e TheeEvolutiona
ryePerspective:eApproachetoeresearch MSC:e Factual
11. Inethee“stinkyeT-
shirt”estudies,eevolutionaryepsychologistseaskedemeneandewomenetoerateetheesmelleofegroupseofeT-
shirtsethatehadebeenewornebyeeithereaemaneoreaewomaneforethreeenightseineaerow.eWhatedidethiseunusualere
searchedesignereveal?
a. Womenewhoewereeovulatingecouldesmelletheedifferenceebetweenemoreeorelessegeneticallyef
itemen.
b. Womenecouldesmellegeneticefitnesseinemen,eandemenecouldesmellegeneticefitnesseinewo
men,ebuteneitheregenderecouldesmellegeneticefitnesseineotherememberseofetheireownegen
der.
c. Geneticallyefiteindividualsesmellebetterethanegeneticallyeunfiteindividuals.
d. Womeneareemoreesensitiveetoesmellethanemen.
ANS:e A DIF: Difficult
REF:e TheeEvolutionaryePerspectiveeTOP:e TheeEvolutiona
ryePerspective:eApproachetoeresearch MSC:e Factual
12. WhicheofetheefollowingeiseNOTeaneexampleeofecross-culturaleresearch?
a. WomeneinetheeUnitedeStateseandeineChinaeareemoreelikelyethanemenetoepreferetalleremates.
b. Latinoemenecareemoreeaboutetheirepartners’evirginityethanedoeLatinaewomen.
c. MeneineCanadaeandeBrazileprefereyoungerepartnersethanedoeCanadianeandeBraziliane
women.
d. Alleofetheeanswereoptionseareeexampleseofecross-culturaleresearch.
ANS:e B DIF: Medium
REF:e TheeEvolutionaryePerspectiveeTOP:e TheeEvolutionar
yePerspective:eApproachetoeresearch:eCross-culturalestudieseMSC:e Applied
13. Ineevaluatingetheeevolutionaryeperspective,etheetextbookeauthorseconcludeethat:
a. aeweaknesseofetheeperspectiveeisethateiteexamineseadaptiveefunctionseofematingebehaviors.
b. theefocuseonegenderedifferencesethatecharacterizeemosteofetheespeciesehaseallowedee
volutionaryepsychologistsetoeacknowledgeetheerich,ecomplexevariabilityeamongein
dividualseandewithineeachegender.
c. inetheesearcheforeancestralecauseseofehumanebehavior,eevolutionaryepsychologistsehaveea
lsoediscoveredemoreeimmediateecauseseofetheesameebehaviors.
d. byefocusingeonehowemeneandewomeneattracteandeselectemates,eevolutionaryepsychologistseh
aveeneglectedetoestudyetheedevelopmenteoferelationships.
ANS:e D DIF: Medium
REF:e TheeEvolutionaryePerspectiveeTOP:e TheeEvolutiona
ryePerspective:eEvaluatingetheeevolutionaryeperspectiveeMSC:e Factual
3
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e e e e e e e e e
CHAPTER 2: Influential Theories
e e e
MULTIPLEeCHOICE
1. WhicheofetheefollowingeiseNOTeaefeatureeofetheories?
a. Theorieseshapeehoweweethink.
b. Theorieseguideeresearch.
c. Theorieseareeequallyeaccurateeateexplainingebehavior.
d. Theoriesecanebeeexpliciteoreimplicit.
ANS:e C DIF: Easy
REF:e Introduction:eGreateMindseDon'teThinkeAlikeeTOP:e Introduction:eGr
eateMindseDon'teThinkeAlike MSC:e Factual
2. Whateiseaecharacteristiceofeaneinfluentialetheory?
a. tendsetoebeedescribedeformally
b. articulateseaeseteofeexplicitepremises
c. makesepredictionsethatewithstandemultipleetests
d. Alleofetheeanswereoptionseareecorrect.
ANS:e D DIF: Easy
REF:e WhateMakeseaeTheoryeInfluential?eTOP:e WhateMakeseae
TheoryeInfluential? MSC:e Factual
3. WhicheofetheefollowingeiseNOTeaefundamentalepremiseeofetheeevolutionaryeperspectiveeoneintimateer
elationships?
a. Humansemustereproduceetoepassetheiregeneseonetoetheenextegeneration.
b. Survivaleduringeinfancyerequireseaneabilityetoemaintaineproximityetoeaeprimaryecaregiver.
c. Throughenaturaleselection,ehumanseevolvedecharacteristicewayseofeattractingeandeselectinge
mates.
d. Featuresethatecontributeetoesuccessfulereproductioneareepassededownefromegenerationetoeg
eneration.
ANS:e B DIF: Easy
REF:e TheeEvolutionaryePerspectiveeTOP:e TheeEvolutiona
ryePerspective MSC:e Factual
4. Aetypeeofeadaptationecallede“sexualeselection”eoccursewheneaecharacteristicehaseevolvedebecauseeit:
a. increaseseaneorganism’sechanceseofesuccessfullyereproducing.
b. increaseseaneorganism’sechanceseforesurvival.
c. increaseseaneorganism’sechanceseofefindingefood.
d. decreaseseaneorganism’seexposureetoepredators.
ANS:e A DIF:e Easy
REF:e TheeEvolutionaryePerspectiveeTOP:e TheeEvolutionar
yePerspective:eFundamentaleassumptions:eSexualeselectioneMSC:e Factual
5. Peacocksehaveebrilliantlyecoloredetailefeathers.eThiseiseaneexampleeof:
a. aneadaptiveeproblem. c. cross-specieseresearch.
b. sexualeselection. d. referencing.
ANS:e B DIF:e Medium
REF:e TheeEvolutionaryePerspectiveeTOP:e TheeEvolutionar
yePerspective:eFundamentaleassumptions:eSexualeselectioneMSC:e Applied
1
mynursytest.store
,DOWNLOAD THE Test Bank for Intimate Relationships 3rd Edition Bradbury
e e e e e e e e e
6. Accordingetoeevolutionaryepsychologists,etheepreferences,ecapacities,eresponses,eandestrategiesethatec
haracterizeeourespecieseareecalled:
a. adaptiveeproblems. c. psychologicalemechanisms.
b. sexualeselection. d. adaptations.
ANS:e C DIF: Easy REF:e TheeEvolutionaryePerspective
TOP:e TheeEvolutionaryePerspective:eFundamentaleassumptions:ePhysiologicalemechanismseMSC
:e Factual
7. WhicheofetheefollowingestatementsedoeseNOTeexpresseaepositioneconsistentewitheevolutionaryep
erspectiveseoneintimateerelationships?
a. Malesehaveedevelopedeconsciouseandeexplicitepreferenceseforefertilityeinepotentialesexualep
artners.
b. Evolvedepsychologicalemechanismseareeresponsiveetoecueseinetheeenvironment.
c. Mateepreferenceseevolvedetoeadaptenotetoetheecurrenteenvironmentebut,erather,etoetheee
nvironmentethatehumansefacedethousandseofeyearseago.
d. Preferencesethateincreaseereproductiveesuccesseshouldebeepassededowneacrossegenerations,ee
veneifethoseepreferenceseimpedeesurvival.
ANS:e A DIF: Difficult REF:e TheeEvolutionaryePerspective
TOP:e TheeEvolutionaryePerspective:eFundamentaleassumptions:eGenderedifferenceseinematee
preferenceseandematingebehaviors MSC:e Conceptual
8. Accordingetoetheetheoryeofeparentaleinvestment,emeneandewomenediffereinetheeamounteofeenergyeandere
sourcesetheyeinvestetoeraiseesurvivingeoffspring,ewitheparentaleinvestmentebeingehighereforewomenetha
neforemen.eConsequently,emeneandewomenehaveeevolvededifferentemateepreferences.eWhicheofetheefollo
wingeiseNOTeconsistentewithetheetheoryeofeparentaleinvestment?
a. Li-yingealwaysedatesemenewhoeareetallerethanesheeis.
b. Yasirehasedatede(andehadesexualerelationsewith)eonlyeoneewoman,etheeoneetoewhomeheeisem
arried.
c. Brettegoeseonedatesewithemanyewomenebutestopseseeingethemeifeheefindseoutetheyeareenotevi
rgins.
d. Tatianaedoesenotedateemaleestudentseateherecollege;erather,esheeonlyedatesemenewhoehaveee
stablishedecareers.
ANS:e B DIF: Medium REF:e TheeEvolutionaryePerspective
TOP:e TheeEvolutionaryePerspective:eFundamentaleassumptions:eGenderedifferenceseinematee
preferenceseandematingebehaviors MSC:e Applied
9. Accordingetoetheetheoryeofeparentaleinvestment,emeneandewomenediffereinetheeamounteofeenergyeandere
sourcesetheyeinvestetoeraiseesurvivingeoffspring,ewitheparentaleinvestmentebeingehighereforewomenetha
neforemen.eConsequently,emeneandewomenehaveeevolvededifferentemateepreferences.eWhicheofetheefollo
wingeisemosteconsistentewithetheetheoryeofeparentaleinvestment?
a. Rachelemostlyedatesemenewhoeareeshorterethanesheeis.
b. Randipehasehadesexualerelationsewitheonlyeoneewoman,etheeoneetoewhomeheeisemarried.
c. Blaireisedatingeaewomanewhoehaseae2-year-oldedaughterefromeaepreviouserelationship.
d. Tatianaedoesenotedateemaleestudentseateherecollege;erather,esheeonlyedatesemenewhoehaveee
stablishedecareers.
ANS:e D DIF: Medium REF:e TheeEvolutionaryePerspective
TOP:e TheeEvolutionaryePerspective:eFundamentaleassumptions:eGenderedifferenceseinematee
preferenceseandematingebehaviors MSC:e Applied
2
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, DOWNLOAD THE Test Bank for Intimate Relationships 3rd Edition Bradbury
e e e e e e e e e
10. WhicheofetheefollowingeiseNOTeaeproblemefacingeresearchersetakingeaneevolutionaryeperspectiveeonei
ntimateerelationships?
a. narrowingetheedefinitioneofepsychologicalemechanism
b. determiningewhethereaebehavioreisetheeproducteofeaneevolvedepsychologicalemechanism
c. knowingewhereetoelookeforeevidenceeofeevolvedepsychologicalemechanisms
d. conductingelongitudinalestudiesetoelookeforeevidenceeofeevolvedepsychologicale
mechanisms
ANS:e D DIF: Medium
REF:e TheeEvolutionaryePerspectiveeTOP:e TheeEvolutiona
ryePerspective:eApproachetoeresearch MSC:e Factual
11. Inethee“stinkyeT-
shirt”estudies,eevolutionaryepsychologistseaskedemeneandewomenetoerateetheesmelleofegroupseofeT-
shirtsethatehadebeenewornebyeeithereaemaneoreaewomaneforethreeenightseineaerow.eWhatedidethiseunusualere
searchedesignereveal?
a. Womenewhoewereeovulatingecouldesmelletheedifferenceebetweenemoreeorelessegeneticallyef
itemen.
b. Womenecouldesmellegeneticefitnesseinemen,eandemenecouldesmellegeneticefitnesseinewo
men,ebuteneitheregenderecouldesmellegeneticefitnesseineotherememberseofetheireownegen
der.
c. Geneticallyefiteindividualsesmellebetterethanegeneticallyeunfiteindividuals.
d. Womeneareemoreesensitiveetoesmellethanemen.
ANS:e A DIF: Difficult
REF:e TheeEvolutionaryePerspectiveeTOP:e TheeEvolutiona
ryePerspective:eApproachetoeresearch MSC:e Factual
12. WhicheofetheefollowingeiseNOTeaneexampleeofecross-culturaleresearch?
a. WomeneinetheeUnitedeStateseandeineChinaeareemoreelikelyethanemenetoepreferetalleremates.
b. Latinoemenecareemoreeaboutetheirepartners’evirginityethanedoeLatinaewomen.
c. MeneineCanadaeandeBrazileprefereyoungerepartnersethanedoeCanadianeandeBraziliane
women.
d. Alleofetheeanswereoptionseareeexampleseofecross-culturaleresearch.
ANS:e B DIF: Medium
REF:e TheeEvolutionaryePerspectiveeTOP:e TheeEvolutionar
yePerspective:eApproachetoeresearch:eCross-culturalestudieseMSC:e Applied
13. Ineevaluatingetheeevolutionaryeperspective,etheetextbookeauthorseconcludeethat:
a. aeweaknesseofetheeperspectiveeisethateiteexamineseadaptiveefunctionseofematingebehaviors.
b. theefocuseonegenderedifferencesethatecharacterizeemosteofetheespeciesehaseallowedee
volutionaryepsychologistsetoeacknowledgeetheerich,ecomplexevariabilityeamongein
dividualseandewithineeachegender.
c. inetheesearcheforeancestralecauseseofehumanebehavior,eevolutionaryepsychologistsehaveea
lsoediscoveredemoreeimmediateecauseseofetheesameebehaviors.
d. byefocusingeonehowemeneandewomeneattracteandeselectemates,eevolutionaryepsychologistseh
aveeneglectedetoestudyetheedevelopmenteoferelationships.
ANS:e D DIF: Medium
REF:e TheeEvolutionaryePerspectiveeTOP:e TheeEvolutiona
ryePerspective:eEvaluatingetheeevolutionaryeperspectiveeMSC:e Factual
3
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