Neonatal and Pediatric Respiratory Care 5th Edition Walsh Test Bank 2

TESTBANK d




NEONATAL & PEDIATRIC RESPIR
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ATORY CARE d




5th Edition, Walsh
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TESTBANK d

,NeonataldanddPediatricdRespiratorydCare,d5thdEdition,dBriandK.dWalshdTestdBank

TabledofdContents
Chapterd1.dFetaldLungdDevelopment
Chapterd2.dFetaldGasdExchangedanddCirculation
Chapterd3.dAntenataldAssessmentdanddHigh-RiskdDelivery
Chapterd4.dExaminationdanddAssessmentdofdthedNeonataldanddPediatricdPatient
Chapterd5.dPulmonarydFunctiondTestingdanddBedsidedPulmonarydMechanics
Chapterd6.dRadiographicdAssessment
Chapterd7.dPediatricdFlexibledBronchoscopy
Chapterd8.dInvasivedBlooddGasdAnalysisdanddCardiovasculardMonitoring
Chapterd9.dNoninvasivedMonitoringdindNeonataldanddPediatricdCare
Chapterd10.dOxygendAdministration
Chapterd11.dAerosolsdanddAdministrationdofdInhaleddMedications
Chapterd12.dAirwaydClearancedTechniquesdanddHyperinflationdTherapy
Chapterd13.dAirwaydManagement
Chapterd14.dSurfactantdReplacementdTherapy
Chapterd15.dNoninvasivedMechanicaldVentilationdanddContinuousdPositivedPressuredofdthedNeonate
Chapterd16.dNoninvasivedMechanicaldVentilationdofdthedInfantdanddChild
Chapterd17.dInvasivedMechanicaldVentilationdofdthedNeonatedanddPediatricdPatient
Chapterd18.dAdministrationdofdGasdMixtures
Chapterd19.dExtracorporealdMembranedOxygenation
Chapterd20.dPharmacology
Chapterd21.dThoracicdOrgandTransplantation
Chapterd22.dNeonataldPulmonarydDisorders
Chapterd23.dSurgicaldDisordersdindChildhooddthatdAffectdRespiratorydCare
Chapterd24.dCongenitaldCardiacdDefects
Chapterd25.dPediatricdSleep-DisordereddBreathing
Chapterd26.dPediatricdAirwaydDisordersdanddParenchymaldLungdDiseases
Chapterd27.dAsthma
Chapterd28.dCysticdFibrosis
Chapterd29.dAcutedRespiratorydDistressdSyndrome
Chapterd30.dShock
Chapterd31.dPediatricdTrauma
Chapterd32.dDisordersdofdthedPleura
Chapterd33.dNeurologicaldanddNeuromusculardDisorders
Chapterd34.dPediatricdEmergencies
Chapterd35.dHomedCaredofdthedPostpartumdFamily
Chapterd36.dQualitydanddSafety

,Chapterd1:dFetaldLungdDevelopment
Walsh:dNeonatald&dPediatricdRespiratorydCared5thdEditiondTestdBankd(2020)

MULTIPLEdCHOICE

1. Whichdofdthedfollowingdphasesdofdhumandlungddevelopmentdisdcharacterizeddbydthedformationdo
fdadcapillarydnetworkdarounddairwaydpassages?
a. Pseudoglandular
b. Saccular
c. Alveolar
d. Canalicular

ANS:d D
Thedcanaliculardphasedfollowsdthedpseudoglandulardphase,dlastingdfromdapproximatelyd17dweek
sdtod26dweeksdofdgestation.dThisdphasedisdsodnameddbecausedofdthedappearancedofdvasculardchann
els,dordcapillaries,dwhichdbegindtodgrowdbydformingdadcapillarydnetworkdarounddthedairdpassages
.dDuringdthedpseudoglandulardstage,dwhichdbeginsdatddayd52danddextendsdtodweekd16dofdgestatio
n,dthedairwaydsystemdsubdividesdextensivelydanddthedconductingdairwaydsystemddevelops,dendi
ngdwithdthedterminaldbronchioles.dThedsacculardstagedofddevelopment,dwhichdtakesdplacedfromd
weeksd29dtod36dofdgestation,disdcharacterizeddbydtheddevelopmentdofdsacsdthatdlaterdbecomedalve
oli.dDuringdthedsacculardphase,dadtremendousdincreasedindthedpotentialdgas-
dexchangingdsurfacedareadoccurs.dTheddistinctiondbetweendthedsacculardstagedanddthedalveolardst


agedisdarbitrary.dThedalveolardstagedstretchesdfromd39dweeksdofdgestationdtodterm.dThisdstagedisdr
epresenteddbydthedestablishmentdofdalveoli.

REF:dpp.d 3-5

2. Regardingdpostnataldlungdgrowth,dbydapproximatelydwhatdageddodmostdofdthedalveolidthatdwilldb
edpresentdindthedlungsdfordlifeddevelop?
a. 6dmonths
b. 1dyear
c. 1.5dyears
d. 2dyears

ANS:d C
Mostdofdthedpostnataldformationdofdalveolidindthedinfantdoccursdoverdthedfirstd1.5dyearsdofdlife.dAt
d2dyearsdofdage,dthednumberdofdalveolidvariesdsubstantiallydamongdindividuals.dAfterd2d yearsdofdag


e,dmalesdhavedmoredalveolidthanddodfemales.dAfterdalveolardmultiplicationdends,dthedalveolidcont
inuedtodincreasedindsizeduntildthoracicdgrowthdisdcompleted.

REF:d p.d6

3. Thedrespiratorydtherapistdisdevaluatingdadnewborndwithdmilddrespiratoryddistressdduedtodtrachealds
tenosis.dDuringdwhichdperioddofdlungddevelopmentddiddthisdproblemddevelop?

, a. Embryonal
b. Saccular
c. Canalicular
d. Alveolar
ANS:d A
Thedinitialdstructuresdofdthedpulmonarydtreeddevelopdduringdthedembryonaldstage.dErrorsdinddeve
lopmentdduringdthisdtimedmaydresultdindlaryngeal,dtracheal,dordesophagealdatresiadordstenosis.dPu
lmonarydhypoplasia,dandincompleteddevelopmentdofdthedlungsdcharacterizeddbydandabnormallydl
owdnumberdand/ordsizedofdbronchopulmonarydsegmentsdand/ordalveoli,dcanddevelopdduringdthed
pseudoglandulardphase.dIfdthedfetusdisdborndduringdthedcanaliculardphased(i.e.,dprematurely),dsev
eredrespiratoryddistressdcandbedexpecteddbecausedthedinadequatelyddevelopeddairways,dalongdwit
hdinsufficientdanddimmaturedsurfactantdproductiondbydalveolardtypedIIdcells,dgivesdrisedtodthedco
nstellationdofdproblemsdknowndasdinfantdrespiratoryddistressdsyndrome.

REF:d d p.d6

4. Whichdofdthedfollowingdmechanismsdisd(are)dresponsibledfordthedpossibledassociationdbetweend
oligohydramniosdanddlungdhypoplasia?

I. Abnormaldcarbohydratedmetabolism
II. Mechanicaldrestrictiondofdthedchestdwall
III. Interferencedwithdfetaldbreathing
IV. Failuredtodproducedfetaldlungdliquid
a. Idandd IIIdonly
b. IIdandd IIIdonly
c. I,dII,dandd IVdonly
d. II,dIII,danddIVdonly

ANS:d D
Oligohydramnios,dadreduceddquantitydofdamnioticdfluiddpresentdfordandextendeddperioddofdtime,d
withdordwithoutdrenaldanomalies,disdassociateddwithdlungdhypoplasia.dThedmechanismsdbydwhichd
amnioticdfluiddvolumedinfluencesdlungdgrowthdremaindunclear.dPossibledexplanationsdfordreduce
ddquantitydofdamnioticdfluiddincludedmechanicaldrestrictiondofdthedchestdwall,dinterferencedwithdf
etaldbreathing,dordfailuredtodproducedfetaldlungdliquid.dThesedclinicaldanddexperimentaldobservati
onsdpossiblydpointdtodadcommonddenominator,dlungdstretch,dasdbeingdadmajordgrowthdstimulant.

REF:dpp.d6-7

5. Whatdisdthedpurposedofdthedsubstancedsecreteddbydthedtyped IIdpneumocyte?
a. Todincreasedthedgasdexchangedsurfacedarea
b. Todreducedsurfacedtension
c. Todmaintaindlungdelasticity
d. Todpreservedthedvolumedofdthedamnioticdfluid