8 PARTdId BasicdImmunologicdMechanisms
responddanddinteract;ddesirabledordundesirabledconse- 7. Naturaldimmunitydisdcharacterizeddasdbeing:
dquencesdofdimmunedinteractions;danddhowdthedimmunedsyst a. Innated ord inborn
emdcandbedmanipulateddtodprotectdagainstdordtreatddisease. b. Abledtodrecognizedexogenousdordendogenousdagents
• Thedfunctiondofdthedimmunedsystemdisdtodrecognizedself dspecifically
dfromdnonselfdanddtoddefenddthedbodydagainstdnonself. c. Abledtodeliminatedexogenousdordendogenousdagents
• Thedfirstdlinedofddefensedagainstdinfectiondisdunbrokendskin, dselectively
dmucosaldmembranedsurfaces,danddsecretions. d. Partdofdthedfirstdlinedofdbodyddefensesdagainst
• Naturaldimmunitydconsistingdofdcellulardanddhumoral dmicrobialdorganisms
ddefensedmechanismsdformsdthedseconddlinedofdbodyd
8dandd9.d Completedthedchartdbelowdfromdthedfollowingdlistdofd
defenses.
choices:
• Ifdadmicroorganismdoverwhelmsdthedbody’sdnaturaldresista
a. Lymphocytes
nce,dadthirddlinedofddefensivedresistance,dacquiredd(ordadapti
b. Macrophages
ve)dimmunity,dallowsdthedbodydtodrecognize,dremember,dan
c. Mucus
ddresponddtodadspecificdstimulus,dandantigen.dAntibody-
d. Interferons
mediateddimmunitydtodinfectiondcandbedacquireddifdthedanti
bodiesdaredformeddbydthedhostd(activedimmunity)dordreceiv Componentsd ofd thed Naturald Immuned System
eddfromdanotherdsourced(passivedimmunity).
• Cell-mediateddimmunityddiffersdfromdantibody- Cellular
mediateddimmunity. Mastdc
• Lymphocytesdaredimmunologicallydactivedthroughddirectdc ellsdNeutro
elldtodcelldcontactdanddproductiondofdcytokinesdfordspecificdi phils
mmunologicdfunctions,dsuchdasdrecruitmentdofdphagocyticd 8. d
cellsdtodthedsitedofdinflammation. Humoral
• Thedmainddifferencedbetweendthedinnatedanddadaptivedimm Comple
unedsystemsdisdthedmechanismsdanddreceptorsduseddfordim mentdLysozy
munedrecognition. me
9. d
REVIEWdQUESTIONS 10. Anotherdtermdfordadaptivedimmunitydis:
a. Antigenicdimmunity
1-5.dMatchdthedfollowingdtermsdtodtheirdappropriateddefini-
b. Acquireddimmunity
dtionsdorddescriptions.d(Usedeachdanswerdonlydonce.)
c. Lymphocytedreactivedimmunity
1. d Immuned system d. Phagocytosis
2. dLymphocytes 11. Humoraldcomponentsdofdthedadaptivedimmunedsystem
dinclude:
3. dCooperativedinteraction
a. Td lymphocytes
4. dNonspecificdimmunedelements b. Bdlymphocytes
c. Antibodies
5. d Autoimmuned disorder
d. Saliva
a. TdanddBdtypes
b. Specificdcellulardelements,dcelldproducts,danddnonlym- 12-
dphoiddelements 23.d Completedthedtabledbelow,dchoosingdfromdthedfoll
c. Mononucleard phagocytes owingdanswers:
d. Conditiondindwhichdthedbody’sdowndtissuesdare Possibledanswersdfordquestionsd12-15:
dattackeddasdifdtheydweredforeign a. Infusiondofdserumdofdplasma
e. Candprotectdagainstdordbedmanipulateddtodtreatd b. Transferdindvivodordbydcolostrum
disease c. Vaccination
d. Infection
6. Thedfirstdlinedofddefensedindprotectingdthedbodydfromdin
fectiondincludesdalldthedfollowingdcomponentsdexcept: Comparisond ofd thed Typesd ofd Adaptived Immunity
a. Unbrokend skin Type ModedofdAcquisitio
b. Normaldmicrobialdflora n
c. Phagocyticdleukocytes Activednatural 12.d
d. Secretionsdsuchdasdmucus Artificialdactive 13.d
Passivednatural 14.d
Artificialdpassive 15.d
Comparisond ofd thed Typesd ofd Adaptived Immunity
Possibledanswersdfordquestionsd16-19:
,a. Yes
b. No
, CHAPTERd 1d d And Overviewdofd Immunology 9
AntibodydProduced BIBLIOGRAPHY
AbbasdAK,dLichtmandAH:dBasicdimmunology:dfunctionsdandddisordersdofdthed imm
Type dbydHost
unedsystem,dupdateddedition,dedd3,dPhiladelphia,d2011,dSaunders.
Activednatural 16.d BergsmadJ:dIllness,dthedmind,danddthedbody:dcancerdanddimmunology:dandintr
o-d duction,dTheordMedd15:337–347,d1994.
Artificialdactive 17.d Clamand HN:dThed biologyd ofd thed immuned system,dJAMAd 268:2888–
Passivednatural 18.d 2892,d 1992.
Lencerd WI,dvond Andriand UH:dElicitingd mucosald immunity,dNd Engld Jd Medd
Artificialdpassive 19.d 365:1151–1153,d2011.
MedzhitovdR,dJanewaydCdJr:dInnatedimmunity,dNdEngldJdMedd343:338–
Comparisond ofd thed Typesd ofd Adaptived Immunity 344,d 2000.
PeakmandM,dVerganidD:dBasicdanddclinicaldimmunology,dedd2,dStdLouis,d2009,
Possibledanswersdfordquestionsd20-23: d Elsevier.
a. Short
b. Long
Type
DurationdofdRespons
e
Activednatural 20.d
Artificialdactive 21.d
Passivednatural 22.d
Artificialdpassive 23.d
,
responddanddinteract;ddesirabledordundesirabledconse- 7. Naturaldimmunitydisdcharacterizeddasdbeing:
dquencesdofdimmunedinteractions;danddhowdthedimmunedsyst a. Innated ord inborn
emdcandbedmanipulateddtodprotectdagainstdordtreatddisease. b. Abledtodrecognizedexogenousdordendogenousdagents
• Thedfunctiondofdthedimmunedsystemdisdtodrecognizedself dspecifically
dfromdnonselfdanddtoddefenddthedbodydagainstdnonself. c. Abledtodeliminatedexogenousdordendogenousdagents
• Thedfirstdlinedofddefensedagainstdinfectiondisdunbrokendskin, dselectively
dmucosaldmembranedsurfaces,danddsecretions. d. Partdofdthedfirstdlinedofdbodyddefensesdagainst
• Naturaldimmunitydconsistingdofdcellulardanddhumoral dmicrobialdorganisms
ddefensedmechanismsdformsdthedseconddlinedofdbodyd
8dandd9.d Completedthedchartdbelowdfromdthedfollowingdlistdofd
defenses.
choices:
• Ifdadmicroorganismdoverwhelmsdthedbody’sdnaturaldresista
a. Lymphocytes
nce,dadthirddlinedofddefensivedresistance,dacquiredd(ordadapti
b. Macrophages
ve)dimmunity,dallowsdthedbodydtodrecognize,dremember,dan
c. Mucus
ddresponddtodadspecificdstimulus,dandantigen.dAntibody-
d. Interferons
mediateddimmunitydtodinfectiondcandbedacquireddifdthedanti
bodiesdaredformeddbydthedhostd(activedimmunity)dordreceiv Componentsd ofd thed Naturald Immuned System
eddfromdanotherdsourced(passivedimmunity).
• Cell-mediateddimmunityddiffersdfromdantibody- Cellular
mediateddimmunity. Mastdc
• Lymphocytesdaredimmunologicallydactivedthroughddirectdc ellsdNeutro
elldtodcelldcontactdanddproductiondofdcytokinesdfordspecificdi phils
mmunologicdfunctions,dsuchdasdrecruitmentdofdphagocyticd 8. d
cellsdtodthedsitedofdinflammation. Humoral
• Thedmainddifferencedbetweendthedinnatedanddadaptivedimm Comple
unedsystemsdisdthedmechanismsdanddreceptorsduseddfordim mentdLysozy
munedrecognition. me
9. d
REVIEWdQUESTIONS 10. Anotherdtermdfordadaptivedimmunitydis:
a. Antigenicdimmunity
1-5.dMatchdthedfollowingdtermsdtodtheirdappropriateddefini-
b. Acquireddimmunity
dtionsdorddescriptions.d(Usedeachdanswerdonlydonce.)
c. Lymphocytedreactivedimmunity
1. d Immuned system d. Phagocytosis
2. dLymphocytes 11. Humoraldcomponentsdofdthedadaptivedimmunedsystem
dinclude:
3. dCooperativedinteraction
a. Td lymphocytes
4. dNonspecificdimmunedelements b. Bdlymphocytes
c. Antibodies
5. d Autoimmuned disorder
d. Saliva
a. TdanddBdtypes
b. Specificdcellulardelements,dcelldproducts,danddnonlym- 12-
dphoiddelements 23.d Completedthedtabledbelow,dchoosingdfromdthedfoll
c. Mononucleard phagocytes owingdanswers:
d. Conditiondindwhichdthedbody’sdowndtissuesdare Possibledanswersdfordquestionsd12-15:
dattackeddasdifdtheydweredforeign a. Infusiondofdserumdofdplasma
e. Candprotectdagainstdordbedmanipulateddtodtreatd b. Transferdindvivodordbydcolostrum
disease c. Vaccination
d. Infection
6. Thedfirstdlinedofddefensedindprotectingdthedbodydfromdin
fectiondincludesdalldthedfollowingdcomponentsdexcept: Comparisond ofd thed Typesd ofd Adaptived Immunity
a. Unbrokend skin Type ModedofdAcquisitio
b. Normaldmicrobialdflora n
c. Phagocyticdleukocytes Activednatural 12.d
d. Secretionsdsuchdasdmucus Artificialdactive 13.d
Passivednatural 14.d
Artificialdpassive 15.d
Comparisond ofd thed Typesd ofd Adaptived Immunity
Possibledanswersdfordquestionsd16-19:
,a. Yes
b. No
, CHAPTERd 1d d And Overviewdofd Immunology 9
AntibodydProduced BIBLIOGRAPHY
AbbasdAK,dLichtmandAH:dBasicdimmunology:dfunctionsdandddisordersdofdthed imm
Type dbydHost
unedsystem,dupdateddedition,dedd3,dPhiladelphia,d2011,dSaunders.
Activednatural 16.d BergsmadJ:dIllness,dthedmind,danddthedbody:dcancerdanddimmunology:dandintr
o-d duction,dTheordMedd15:337–347,d1994.
Artificialdactive 17.d Clamand HN:dThed biologyd ofd thed immuned system,dJAMAd 268:2888–
Passivednatural 18.d 2892,d 1992.
Lencerd WI,dvond Andriand UH:dElicitingd mucosald immunity,dNd Engld Jd Medd
Artificialdpassive 19.d 365:1151–1153,d2011.
MedzhitovdR,dJanewaydCdJr:dInnatedimmunity,dNdEngldJdMedd343:338–
Comparisond ofd thed Typesd ofd Adaptived Immunity 344,d 2000.
PeakmandM,dVerganidD:dBasicdanddclinicaldimmunology,dedd2,dStdLouis,d2009,
Possibledanswersdfordquestionsd20-23: d Elsevier.
a. Short
b. Long
Type
DurationdofdRespons
e
Activednatural 20.d
Artificialdactive 21.d
Passivednatural 22.d
Artificialdpassive 23.d
,
