c c c
Surgical Nursing, 8th Edition (Linton, 2023), Chapter 1-
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63 , 9780323826716 , All Chapters with Answers and Ration
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als
Whencdescribingcpatientceducationcapproaches,cthecnurseceducatorcwouldcexplaincthatc
informalcteachingciscancapproachcthat
a.cfollowscformalizedcplans
b.chascstandardizedccontent
c.coftencoccurscone-to-one
d.caddressescgroupcneedsc-
ccANSWERccccC.cInformalcteachingciscindividualizedconeconconecteachingcwhichcrepresen
tscthecmajoritycofcpatientceducationcdonecbycnursescthatcoccurscwhencancinterventioncisc
explainedcorcacquestionciscanswered.cGroupcneedscarecoftencthecfocuscofcformalcpatientc
educationccoursescorcclasses.cInformalcteachingcdoescnotcnecessarilycfollowcacspecificcf
ormalizedcplan.cItcmaycbecplannedcwithcspecificccontent,cbutcitciscindividualizedcrespons
esctocpatientcneeds.cFormalcteachingcinvolvescthecusecofcaccurriculum/coursecplancwithc
standardizedccontent.
Acpatientcexpressescacstrongcinterestcincreturningctoctheircwork,cfamily,candchobbiescafte
rchavingcacstroke.cWhichctheoryctypecwouldcthecnursecusectocdevelopcacplancofccarecforct
hecbestcresultscofcthiscpatient'scmotivationcstyle?
a.cfield
b.cbiological
c.ccognitive
d.csociologicc-
ccANSWERccccC.cCognitivectheoristscbelievecthatcattention,crelevance,cconfidence,candcs
atisfactionc(ARCS)carecthecconditionscthat,cwhencintegrated,cmotivatecsomeonectoclearn
.cFieldctheoristscplacecsignificanceconchowcachievement,cpower,cthecneedcforcaffiliation,c
andcavoidancecmotivescinfluencecindividualcbehavior.cSociologicctheoriescarecnotcinvolv
edcincmotivation.
Thecnurseciscassessingcacgroupcofcclients.cWhichcclientscarecatcgreatercriskcforchypother
miacorcfrostbite?c(selectcallcthatcapply)
a.cancoldercwomancwithchypertension
b.cacyoungcmancwithcacbodycmasscindexcofc42
c.cacyoungcmanycwhochascjustcconsumedcsixcmartinis
d.cancoldercmancwhocsmokescacpackcofccigarettescacday
e.cacyoungcwomancwhociscanorexic
,f.cacyoungcwomancwhociscdiabeticc-ccANSWERccccC,cD,cE,cF
clientscwithcpoorcnutrition,cfatigue,candcmultiplecchroniccillnessescarecatcgreatercriskcforch
ypothermia.cClientscwhocsmoke,cconsumecalcohol,corchavecimpairedcperipheralccirculat
ionchavecachighercincidencecofcfrostbite.
Whichcstatementcmadecbycacnursecrepresentscthecneedcforcfurtherceducationcregardingc
paincmanagementcincoldercadultcclients?
a.coldercadultsctendctocreportcpainclesscoftencthancyoungercadults
b.coldercclientscusuallychavecmorecexperiencecwithcpaincthancyoungercclients
c.coldercadultscarecatcgreatestcriskcforcunderctreatedcpain
d.coldercclientschavecacdifferentcpaincmechanismcandcdocnotcfeelcitcascmuchc-
ccANSWERccccD
Thereciscnocevidencectocsupportcthecideacthatcoldercadultcclientscperceivecpaincanycdiffer
entlycthancyoungercclients.cThecothercstatementscarecaccuratecregardingcoldercclientsca
ndcpain.
Thecnurseciscworkingcatcacfirstcaidcboothcforcacspringctrainingcgameconcachotcday.cAcspect
atorccomescin,creportingcthatcheciscnotcfeelingcwell.cVitalcsignscarectempc104.1cF,cpulsec1
32cBPM,crespirsc26cbreaths/min,candcbloodcpressurec106/66cmmcHg.cHectripscoverchiscf
eetcascthecnursecleadschimctocaccot.cWhatciscthecpriorycactioncofcthecnurse?
a.cadminctylenolc650cmgcorally
b.cencouragecrest,candcreassesscinc15cminutes
c.cspongecthecvictimcwithccoolcwatercandcremovechiscshirt
d.cencouragecdrinkingcofccoolcwatercorcsportscdrinkc-ccANSWERccccC
Thecspectatorcshowscsignscofcheatcstroke,cwhichciscacmedicalcemergency.cThecspectato
rcshouldcbectransportedctocthecEDcASAP.cThecnurscshouldctakecactionsctoclowerchiscbod
yctempcinctehcmeantimecbycremovingchiscshirtcandcspongingchiscbodycwithccoolcwater.cLo
weringcbodyctempcbycdrinkingccoolcfluidscorctakingcacetaminophenciscnotcasceffectivecinc
ancemergencycsituation.cThecclientcneedsctocbeccooledcquicklycandciscacprioritycforctreat
ment
ThecclientciscreceivingcancIVcofc60cmEqcofcpotassiumcchloridecinac1000cmLcsolutioncofcd
extrosec5%cinc0.45%csaline.cThecclientcstatescthatcthecareacaroundcthecIVcsitecburns.cW
hatcinterventioncdoescthecnursecperformcfirst?
a.cassesscforcacbloodcreturn
b.cnotifycthecphysician
c.cdocumentcthecfinding
d.cstopcthecIVcinfusionc-ccANSWERccccD
Potassiumciscacseverectissuecirritant.cThecsafestcactioncisctocdiscontinuecthecsolutionctha
tccontainscthecpotassiumcandcdiscontinuecthecIVcaltogether,cincwhichccasecthecclientcwo
uldcneedcanothercsitecstarted.cAssessingcforcacbloodcreturncmaycorcmaycnotcbecsuccessf
ul.cThecsolutionccouldcbecdilutedc(lesscpotassium)candcthecrateccouldcbecslowedconcecitci
scdeterminedcthatcthecneedleciscincthecvein.
,Acnursecisccaringcforcancoldercadultcclientcwhoclivescalone.cWhichceconomiccsituationcpre
sentscthecmostcseriouscproblemcforcthiscclient?
a.ccostscofccreatingcaclivingcwill
b.cstockcmarketcfluctuations
c.cincreasedcprovidercbenefits
d.csocialcsecuritycascthecbasiscofcincomec-ccANSWERccccD
Oldercadultsconcfixedcincomescarecunablectocadjustctheircincomectocmeetcrisingccostscas
sociatedcwithcmeetingcbasiccneeds
Controllingcpainciscimportantctocpromotingcwellness.cUnrelievedcpainchascbeencassociat
edcwithc
a.cprolongedcstresscresponsecandcaccascadecofcharmfulceffectscsystemcwide.
b.cdecreasedctumorcgrowthcandclongevity
c.clargectidalcvolumescandcdecreasedclungccapacity
d.cdecreasedccarbohydrate,cprotein,candcfatcdestructionc-ccANSWERccccA
Painctriggerscacnumbercofcphysiologiccstresscresponsescincthechumancbody.cUnrelievedc
painccancprolongcthecstresscresponsecandcproducecaccascadecofcharmfulceffectscincallcb
odycsystems.cThecstresscresponseccausescthecendocrinecsystemctocreleasecexcessivec
amountscofchormones,csuchcasccortisol,ccatecholamines,candcglucagon.cInsulincandctes
tosteroneclevelscdecrease.cIncreasedcendocrinecactivitycincturncinitiatescacnumbercofcme
taboliccprocesses,cincparticular,cacceleratedccarbohydrate,cprotein,candcfatcdestruction,c
whcihccancresultcincweightcloss,ctachycardia,cincreasedcrespiratorycrate,cshock,candceve
ncdeath.cThecimmunecsystemciscalsocaffectedcbycpaincascdemonstratedcbycresearchcsho
wingcaclinkcbetweencunrelievedcpaincandcachighercincidencecofcnosocomialcinfectionscan
dcincreasedctumorcgrowth.cLargectidalcvolumescarecnotcassociatedcwithcpaincwhilecdecr
easedclungccapacityciscassociatedcwithcunrelievedcpain.cDecreasedctumorcgrowthcandcl
ongevitycarecnotcassociatedcwithcunrelievedcpain.cDecreasedccarbs,cprotein,candcfatcare
cnotcassociatedcwithcpaincorcstresscresponse.
Whichcinterventioncincacclientcwithcdehydrationcinducedcconfusionciscmostclikelyctocreliev
ecthecconfusion?
a.cincreasingcthecIVcflowcratectoc250cmL/hr
b.capplyingcoxygencbycmaskcorcnasalccannula
c.cplacingcthecclientcincachighcFowler'scposition
d.cMeasuringcintakecandcoutputceverycfourchoursc-ccANSWERccccA
Dehydrationcmostcfrequentlycleadsctocpoorccerebracperfusioncandccerebralchypoxia,ccau
singcconfusion.cApplyingcoxygenccancreducecconfusion,cevencifcperfusionciscstillclessctha
ncoptimum.cIncreasingcthecIVcflowcratecwouldcincreasecperfusion.cHowever,cdependingc
oncthecdegreecofcdehydration,crehydratingcthecpersonctoocrapidlycwithcIVcfluidsccancleadc
toccerebralcedema.
Whichcclientciscatcgreatestcriskcforcdehydration?
a.cyoungercadultcclientconcbedrest
b.coldercadultcclientcreceivingchypotoniccIVcfluid
, c.coldercadultcclientcwithccognitivecimpairment
d.cyoungercadultcclientcreceivingchypertoniccIVcfluidc-ccANSWERccccC
Oldercadults,cbecausectheychaveclessctotalcbodycwatercthancyoungercadults,carecatcgreat
ercriskcforcdevelopmentcofcdehydration.cAnyonecwhocisccognitivelycimpairedcandccannotc
obtaincfluidscindependentlycorccannotcmakechiscorchercneedcforcfluidscknownciscatchighcri
skcforcdehydration
Acnursecisccaringcforcseveralcclients.cWhichcclientcdoescthecnursecassesscmostccarefullyc
forchyperkalemia?
a.cclientcwithctypec2cdiabetesctakingcancoralcanti-diabeticcagent
b.cclientcwithcheartcfailurecusingcacsaltcsubstitute
c.cclientctakingcacthiazidecdiureticcforchypertension
d.cclientctakingcnon-steroidalcanti-inflammatorycdrugscdailyc-ccANSWERccccB
Manycsaltcsubstitutescareccomposedcofcpotassiumcchloride.cHeavycuseccnaccontributect
octhecdevelopmentcofchyperkalemia.cThecclientcshouldcbectaughtctocreadclabelscandctocc
hoosecacsaltcsubstitutecthatcdoescnotccontaincpotassium.cNSAIDscpromotecthecretention
cofcsodiumcbutcnotcpotassium.
Ancoldercadultcclientcpresentscwithcsignscandcsymptomscrelatedctocdigctoxicity.cWhichcag
ecrelatedcchangecmaychaveccontributedctocthiscproblem?
a.cdecreasedcrenalcbloodcflow
b.cincreasedcgastrointestinalcmotility
c.cdecreasedcratiocofcadiposectissuectocleancbodycmass
d.cincreasedctotalcbodycwaterc-ccANSWERccccA
Decreasedcrenalcbloodcflowcandcreducedcglomerularcfiltrationccancresultcincslowercmedi
cationcexcretionctime,cpotentiallycleadingctoctoxiccdrugcaccumulation.cAgingcresultscincde
creasedctotalcbodycwatercandcgastrointestinalcmotilitycandcancincreasecincthecratiocofcadi
posectissuectocleancbodycmass,cbutciscnotcrelatedctocdigctoxicity.
Acclientciscbeingctreatedcforcdehydration.cWhichcstatementcmadecbycthecclientcindicatesc
understandingcofcthisccondition?
a.cIcwillcusecacsaltcsubstitutecwhencmakingcandceatingcmycmeals.
b.cIcmustcdrinkcacquartcofcwatercorcothercliquidceachcday.
c.cIcwillcnotcdrinkcliquidscafterc6cPMcsocIcwon'tchavectocgetcupcatcnight.
d.cIcwillcweighcmyselfceachcmorningcbeforecIceatcorcdrink.c-ccANSWERccccD
Becausec1cLcofcwatercweighsc1ckg,cchangecincbodycweightciscacgoodcmeasurecofcexcessc
fluidclosscorcfluidcretention.cWeightclosscgreatercthanc0.5clbcdailyciscindicativecofcexcessiv
ecfluidcloss.cThecothercstatementscarecnotcindicativecofcpracticescthatcwillcpreventcdehydr
ation.
Thecnursecnotescthatcthechandgripcofcthecclientcwithchypokalemiachascdiminishedcsincect
hecpreviouscassessmentconechourcago.cWhichcinterventioncbycthecnurseciscthecpriority?