PSYC 215 - Midterm 1 Exam Questions
with complete solutions (2024-2025)
Hindsight jbias j- jANS✓✓-The jtendency jto jbelieve jthat jyou jcould jhave
jpredicted jsome joutcome jwhich, jin jfact jyou jcould jnot jhave jaccurately
jpredicted.
Hypothesis j- jANS✓✓-A jprediction jabout jwhat jwill jhappen junder jparticular
jcircumstances.
Theory j- jANS✓✓-Body jof jrelated jpropositions jintended jto jdescribe jsome
jaspect jof jthe jworld.
Observational jresearch j- jANS✓✓-Looking jat ja jphenomenon jin ja jreasonably
jsystematic jway.
Archival jresearch j- jANS✓✓-Looking jat jevidence jin jarchives jof jsome jsort.
Surveys j- jANS✓✓-Simply jasking jquestions.
Population j- jANS✓✓-Group jyou jwant jto jknow jabout.
Random jsamples j- jANS✓✓-Samples jthat jare jlikely jto jcapture jthe jproportions
jof jgiven jtypes jof jpeople jin jthe jpopulation jas ja jwhole.
Convenience jsamples j- jANS✓✓-Samples jchosen jout jof jease. jMay jbe jbiased jor
jskewed jin jsome jway.
,Correlational jresearch j- jANS✓✓-Research jthat jdetermines jwhether ja
jrelationship jexists jbetween jtwo jor jmore jvariables.
Experimental jresearch j- jANS✓✓-Research jthat jrandomly jassigns jpeople jto
jdifferent jconditions jor jsituations, jand jenables jresearchers jto jmake jstrong
jinferences jabout jhow jdifferent jconditions jaffect jbehavior.
3rd jvariable j- jANS✓✓-An joutside jvariable jin jcorrelational jresearch jthat jmay
jhave jinfluenced jthe jvariables jbeing jmeasured.
Self jselection j- jANS✓✓-Problem jin jcorrelational jresearch jwhere jthe jparticipant
jselects jtheir jlevel jon jeach jvariable j(married jor jnot)
Independent jvariable j- jANS✓✓-The jexperimental jfactor jthat jis jmanipulated; jthe
jvariable jwhose jeffect jis jbeing jstudied.
Dependent jvariable j- jANS✓✓-The joutcome jfactor; jthe jvariable jthat jmay
jchange jin jresponse jto jmanipulations jof jthe jindependent jvariable.
Random jassignment j- jANS✓✓-Assigning jparticipants jto jdifferent jgroups
jrandomly jso jthat jthey jhave jan jequal jchance jof jbeing jassigned jto jany
jcondition.
Control jcondition j- jANS✓✓-A jcondition jcomparable jto jthe jexperimental
jcondition jin jevery jway jexcept jthat jit jlacks jthe jone jingredient jhypothesized jto
jproduce jthe jexpected jeffect jon jthe jdependent jvariable.
Natural jexperiment j- jANS✓✓-Naturally joccurring jevent jthat jcan jbe jcompared
jwith jalmost jas jmuch jrigor jas jin jexperiments jwhere jthe jinvestigator
jmanipulates jthe jconditions.
External jvalidity j- jANS✓✓-Indication jof jhow jwell jthe jresults jof ja jstudy
jgeneralize jto jcontexts jbeyond jthe jstudy jitself.
, Field jexperiment j- jANS✓✓-experiment jconducted jin ja jreal jworld jsetting.
Internal jvalidity j- jANS✓✓-Confidence jin jexperimental jresearch jthat jonly jthe
jmanipulated jvariable jcould jhave jproduced jthe jresults.
Debriefing j- jANS✓✓-Asking jparticipants jif jthey junderstand jthe jinstructions
jand jeducating jthem jabout jthe jquestions jbeing jstudied.
Reliability j- jANS✓✓-Degree jto jwhich jthe jparticular jway jresearchers jmeasure ja
jgiven jvariable jis jlikely jto jyield jconsistent jresults.
Measurement jvalidity j- jANS✓✓-Correlation jbetween jsome jmeasure jand jsome
joutcome jthe jmeasure jis jsupposed jto jpredict.
Regression jto jthe jmean j- jANS✓✓-Tendency jfor jextreme jscores jto jbe jfollowed
jby jless jextreme jscores
Statistical jsignificance j- jANS✓✓-Measure jof jthe jprobability ja jgiven jresult
jcould jhave joccurred jby jchance. j.05
Basic jscience j- jANS✓✓-experimental jresearch jnot japplied jto jreal jworld
Applied jscience j- jANS✓✓-Science/research jconcerned jwith jsolving jimportant
jreal-world jproblems.
Intervention j- jANS✓✓-An jeffort jto jchange ja jperson's jbehavior.
Replication j- jANS✓✓-Reproducing jthe jresults jof ja jscientific jstudy.
Informed jconsent j- jANS✓✓-A jparticipant's jagreement jto jtake jpart jin ja jstudy
jafter jbeing jtold jwhat jto jexpect.
with complete solutions (2024-2025)
Hindsight jbias j- jANS✓✓-The jtendency jto jbelieve jthat jyou jcould jhave
jpredicted jsome joutcome jwhich, jin jfact jyou jcould jnot jhave jaccurately
jpredicted.
Hypothesis j- jANS✓✓-A jprediction jabout jwhat jwill jhappen junder jparticular
jcircumstances.
Theory j- jANS✓✓-Body jof jrelated jpropositions jintended jto jdescribe jsome
jaspect jof jthe jworld.
Observational jresearch j- jANS✓✓-Looking jat ja jphenomenon jin ja jreasonably
jsystematic jway.
Archival jresearch j- jANS✓✓-Looking jat jevidence jin jarchives jof jsome jsort.
Surveys j- jANS✓✓-Simply jasking jquestions.
Population j- jANS✓✓-Group jyou jwant jto jknow jabout.
Random jsamples j- jANS✓✓-Samples jthat jare jlikely jto jcapture jthe jproportions
jof jgiven jtypes jof jpeople jin jthe jpopulation jas ja jwhole.
Convenience jsamples j- jANS✓✓-Samples jchosen jout jof jease. jMay jbe jbiased jor
jskewed jin jsome jway.
,Correlational jresearch j- jANS✓✓-Research jthat jdetermines jwhether ja
jrelationship jexists jbetween jtwo jor jmore jvariables.
Experimental jresearch j- jANS✓✓-Research jthat jrandomly jassigns jpeople jto
jdifferent jconditions jor jsituations, jand jenables jresearchers jto jmake jstrong
jinferences jabout jhow jdifferent jconditions jaffect jbehavior.
3rd jvariable j- jANS✓✓-An joutside jvariable jin jcorrelational jresearch jthat jmay
jhave jinfluenced jthe jvariables jbeing jmeasured.
Self jselection j- jANS✓✓-Problem jin jcorrelational jresearch jwhere jthe jparticipant
jselects jtheir jlevel jon jeach jvariable j(married jor jnot)
Independent jvariable j- jANS✓✓-The jexperimental jfactor jthat jis jmanipulated; jthe
jvariable jwhose jeffect jis jbeing jstudied.
Dependent jvariable j- jANS✓✓-The joutcome jfactor; jthe jvariable jthat jmay
jchange jin jresponse jto jmanipulations jof jthe jindependent jvariable.
Random jassignment j- jANS✓✓-Assigning jparticipants jto jdifferent jgroups
jrandomly jso jthat jthey jhave jan jequal jchance jof jbeing jassigned jto jany
jcondition.
Control jcondition j- jANS✓✓-A jcondition jcomparable jto jthe jexperimental
jcondition jin jevery jway jexcept jthat jit jlacks jthe jone jingredient jhypothesized jto
jproduce jthe jexpected jeffect jon jthe jdependent jvariable.
Natural jexperiment j- jANS✓✓-Naturally joccurring jevent jthat jcan jbe jcompared
jwith jalmost jas jmuch jrigor jas jin jexperiments jwhere jthe jinvestigator
jmanipulates jthe jconditions.
External jvalidity j- jANS✓✓-Indication jof jhow jwell jthe jresults jof ja jstudy
jgeneralize jto jcontexts jbeyond jthe jstudy jitself.
, Field jexperiment j- jANS✓✓-experiment jconducted jin ja jreal jworld jsetting.
Internal jvalidity j- jANS✓✓-Confidence jin jexperimental jresearch jthat jonly jthe
jmanipulated jvariable jcould jhave jproduced jthe jresults.
Debriefing j- jANS✓✓-Asking jparticipants jif jthey junderstand jthe jinstructions
jand jeducating jthem jabout jthe jquestions jbeing jstudied.
Reliability j- jANS✓✓-Degree jto jwhich jthe jparticular jway jresearchers jmeasure ja
jgiven jvariable jis jlikely jto jyield jconsistent jresults.
Measurement jvalidity j- jANS✓✓-Correlation jbetween jsome jmeasure jand jsome
joutcome jthe jmeasure jis jsupposed jto jpredict.
Regression jto jthe jmean j- jANS✓✓-Tendency jfor jextreme jscores jto jbe jfollowed
jby jless jextreme jscores
Statistical jsignificance j- jANS✓✓-Measure jof jthe jprobability ja jgiven jresult
jcould jhave joccurred jby jchance. j.05
Basic jscience j- jANS✓✓-experimental jresearch jnot japplied jto jreal jworld
Applied jscience j- jANS✓✓-Science/research jconcerned jwith jsolving jimportant
jreal-world jproblems.
Intervention j- jANS✓✓-An jeffort jto jchange ja jperson's jbehavior.
Replication j- jANS✓✓-Reproducing jthe jresults jof ja jscientific jstudy.
Informed jconsent j- jANS✓✓-A jparticipant's jagreement jto jtake jpart jin ja jstudy
jafter jbeing jtold jwhat jto jexpect.
