Chapter 1 g
MultiplegChoice
1. AsgdefinedgbygC.gWrightgMills,gwhichgofgthegfollowingg“enablesgusgtoggraspghistorygandgbiographygandgthe
relationsgbetweengthegtwogwithingsociety”?
g
a. formalgsociology
b. sociologicalgimagination
c. microsociology
d. macrosociology
ANS:gBgDIF:gEasygREF:gPageg5
TOP:gFactualgOBJ:gSociologicalgImagination
2. FeelinggdiscomfortgaboutgruralgChinesegsociety,gwheregmanyggenerationsgofgagfamilygsleepgingthegsame
bed,gisgknowngas:
g
a. xenophobia.
b. Verstehen.
c. socialgidentity.
d. socialgecology.
ANS:gAgDIF:gModerategREF:gPagesg6–7
TOP:gAppliedgOBJ:gSociologicalgImagination
3. HowgdoesgthegtextbookgauthorgusegdialoguegfromgPulpgFiction,gingwhichgthegcharactersgdiscussghowgin
Hollandgpeoplegputgmayonnaisegongtheirgfrenchgfries?
g
a. togintroducegthegsociologygofgfilm
b. togexplaingthegsociologicalgimagination
c. togexplaingsocialginstitutions
d. togdefinegformalgsociology
ANS:gBgDIF:gEasygREF:gPageg7
TOP:gAppliedgOBJ:gSociologicalgImagination
4. Agfemalegmanagergisgattemptinggtogclimbghergwaygtogthegtopgofgthegcorporategladder.gShegworksgasghard,gifg
notgharder,gthanghergmalegcolleagues,gbutgnothinggshegseemsgtogdoghelpsghergadvance.gShegbeginsgtognoticegthatgmal
esgaregbeinggpromoted,gbutgfemalesgtendgtogbegoverlookedgforgadvancements.gThegrealizationgthatgmanygwomengingher
gcircumstancegaregexperiencinggthegsamegdiscriminationgisgangexamplegof:
a. anomie.
b. Verstehen.
c. sociologicalgimagination.
d. socialgcohesion.
ANS:gCgDIF:gDifficultgREF:gPageg5
TOP:gAppliedgOBJ:gSociologicalgImagination
5. Sociologistsgandgeconomistsghavegshowngthatgthegbenefitsgofghighergeducationgincludeghighergmedian
incomesgforgcollegeggraduates.gThisgisgknowngas:
g
a. educationalginvestment.
b. thegreturnsgtogschooling.
c. studyghardgorgbegpoor.
d. getgangeducation;ggetgagjob.
ANS:gBgDIF:gModerategREF:gPageg8
TOP:gFactualgOBJ:gReturnsgtogSchooling
6. Aftergdoinggsomegsociologicalgmath,gwhatgisgthegnetgdifferencegbetweengthegannualgearningsgofgthe
averageghighgschoolgversusgcollegeggraduate?
g
a. aboutg$5,000gpergyear
b. aboutg$10,000gpergyear
c. aboutg$15,000gpergyear
d. aboutg$50,000gpergyearg
ANS:gCgDIF:gDifficultgREF:gPageg9
, TOP:gConceptualgOBJ:gReturnsgtogSchooling
7. AccordinggtogRandallgCollins’sg(1979)gresearch,gthegexpansiongofghighergeducationgis:
a. mainlygcausedgbygthegglobalizationgofgcapitalism.
b. likelygcausedgbygless-preparedghighgschoolgstudentsgenteringgcollege.
c. agresultgofgcredentialism gandgexpendituresgongformalgeducation.
d. agresultgofgincreasingggovernmentalginterferencegingeducationalgfunding.
ANS:gCgDIF:gDifficultgREF:gPageg11gTO
P:gFactualgOBJ:gCredentialism
8. Accordinggtogresearchgusedgtogquestiongcredentialism,gwhatgmightgitgcostgtogbuygagcollegegdiplomagonline?
a. $29.95
b. $99.99
c. $250.00
d. atgleastg$1,000
ANS:gAgDIF:gModerategREF:gPageg11gT
OP:gFactualgOBJ:gCredentialism
9. Ingtoday’sgsociety,gRandallgCollinsgmightgsuggestgthatggettinggag“piecegofgpaper”gisgmoregimportantgtogmany
thangactuallyghavinggthegknowledgegtogdogagjob.gHegcallsgthegprioritygplacedgongformalgeducation:
g
a. secondarygeducation.
b. credentialism.
c. normlessness.
d. xenophobia.
ANS:gBgDIF:gDifficultgREF:gPageg11gTO
P:gConceptualgOBJ:gCredentialism
10. Allgofgthegfollowinggaregexamplesgofgsocialginstitutionsgusedgtogpreventgwebsitesgfromgundermining
colleges’gdegree-conferringgabilitiesgEXCEPT:
g
a. copyrightglaw.
b. policegforces.
c. employers.
d. families.
ANS:gDgDIF:gEasygREF:gPageg11
TOP:gFactualgOBJ:gSocialgInstitutions
11. Whichgofgthegfollowinggisgdefinedgasgagsetgofgstoriesgembeddedgwithingagsocialgnetworkgaboutgthegstandard
waysgagsocietygmeetsgitsgneeds?
g
a. agsocialgidentity
b. agsocialginstitution
c. agtheory
d. anomie
ANS:gBgDIF:gModerategREF:gPageg12gT
OP:gFactualgOBJ:gSocialgInstitutions
12. Thegauthorgofgyourgtextgstatesgthatgthegmostgage-segregatedgsocialginstitutiongingourgsocietygis:
a. aghospital.
b. agmentalginstitution.
c. agprison.
d. agfour-yeargcollege.
ANS:gDgDIF:gEasygREF:gPageg12
TOP:gFactualgOBJ:gSocialgInstitutions
13. Agfamily,gasgaggroupgofgpeopleglivinggtogethergsharinggindividualgstories,gmakesgupga(n):
a. socialginstitution.
b. conflictginstitution.
c. anomicginstitution.
d. creativeginstitution.
ANS:gAgDIF:gDifficultgREF:gPageg13
TOP:gConceptualgOBJ:gSocialgInstitutions
14. ThegPhillipgMorrisgCompanygchangedgitsgnamegtogAltiragingangattemptgtogstartgagnew:
,a. linegofgcigarettes.
b. defensegagainstglawgsuits.
c. socialgidentity.
d. multinationalgcompany.
ANS:gCgDIF:gModerategREF:gPageg13gT
OP:gFactualgOBJ:gSocialgIdentity
15. Theg“grandgnarrative”gthatgconstitutesgagsocialgidentity:
a. isgnothinggmoregthangagsumgofgindividualgstoriesgtoldgbetweengpairsgofgindividuals.
b. remainsgthegsamegthroughoutgtime.
c. cangonlygbegdefinedgbygthegindividualghim-gorgherself.
d. isgbestgdisplayedgonlinegongMySpacegandgFacebook.
ANS:gAgDIF:gModerategREF:gPageg13gT
OP:gConceptualgOBJ:gSocialgIdentity
16. Asgagformalgfield,gsociologygisgagrelativelyg discipline,gasgdiscussedgingChapterg1.
a. old
b. established
c. young
d. conservative
ANS:gCgDIF:gEasygREF:gPageg15
TOP:gFactualgOBJ:gEarlygSociologicalgTheory
17. Whogwasgthegauthorgofgthegfirstgmethodsgbookgingthegdisciplinegofgsociology?
a. EmilegDurkheim
b. HarrietgMartineau
c. JanegAddams
d. MaxgWeber
ANS:gBgDIF:gModerategREF:gPageg18
TOP:gFactualgOBJ:gAugustgComtegandgHarrietgMartineau
18. IngthegbookgHowgtogObservegMoralsgandgManners,gtheginstitutiongofgmarriagegisgcriticizedgas:
a. basedgongangassumptiongofgtheginferioritygofgwomen.
b. basedgongangassumptiongofgtheginferioritygofgmen.
c. reinforcinggcompulsorygheterosexuality.
d. perpetuatinggsocialgclassgstratification.
ANS:gAgDIF:gModerategREF:gPageg18
TOP:gFactualgOBJ:gAugustgComtegandgHarrietgMartineaug|gFeministgTheory
19. Whichgofgthegfollowinggsociologistsgdevelopedgthegtheorygofgpositivism?
a. AugustegComte
b. EmilegDurkheim
c. KarlgMarx
d. MaxgWeber
ANS:gAgDIF:gModerategREF:gPageg15gT
OP:gFactualgOBJ:gPositivism
20. Positivismgisgbestgdefinedgas:
a. thegideagthatgwegcangscientificallygandglogicallygstudygsocialginstitutionsgandgthegindividualsgwithingthem.
b. thegeffectgofgreligiongongsocialginstitutionsgandgthegindividualsgwithingthem.
c. thegstudygofgthegsymbolicginteractionsgbetweengsocialginstitutionsgandgthegindividualsgwithingthem.
d. thegrelationshipgbetweengscientificgandgreligiousgsocialginstitutions.
ANS:gAgDIF:gDifficultgREF:gPageg16gTO
P:gFactualgOBJ:gPositivism
21. AccordinggtogComte,gpositivismgarosegoutgofgagneedgtogmakeg
sensegofgthegsocialgordergingagtimegofgdeclininggreligiousgauthority.
a. scientific
b. moral
c. rational
d. economic
, ANS:gBgDIF:gModerategREF:gPageg16gT
OP:gFactualgOBJ:gPositivism
22. Thegpersongthatgisgoftengconsideredgtogbegthegfoundinggfathergofgpositivismgis:
a. ÉmilegDurkheim.
b. KarlgMarx.
c. GeorggSimmel.
d. GeorgegHerbertgMead.
ANS:gAgDIF:gModerategREF:gPageg23gT
OP:gFactualgOBJ:gPositivism
23. Allgofgthegfollowinggaregknowngasgthegthreegepistemologicalgstagesgofghumangsociety,gasgexplainedgby
Comte,gEXCEPT:
g
a. thegtheologicalgstage.
b. thegmetaphysicalgstage.
c. thegscientificgstage.
d. thegpost-scientificgstage.
ANS:gDgDIF:gEasygREF:gPagesg16–17
TOP:gFactualgOBJ:gEpistemologicalgStages
24. WhichgofgthegthreeghistoricalgepistemologicalgstagesgofghumangsocietygdidgComtegexplaingwasghighlightedg
bygEnlightenmentgthinkinggsuchgasgRousseau’s,gMill’s,gandgHobbes’sgbeliefsgingbiologicalgcausesgforghumangbehavior?
a. thegtheologicalgstage
b. thegmetaphysicalgstage
c. thegscientificgstage
d. thegpost-scientificgstage
ANS:gBgDIF:gModerategREF:gPageg17
TOP:gFactualgOBJ:gEpistemologicalgStages
25. WhichgofgthegthreeghistoricalgepistemologicalgstagesgofghumangsocietygdidgComtegclaimgwasgcharacterized
bygthegdevelopmentgofgsocialgphysicsgtogexplainghumangbehavior?
g
a. thegtheologicalgstage
b. thegmetaphysicalgstage
c. thegscientificgstage
d. thegpost-scientificgstage
ANS:gCgDIF:gModerategREF:gPageg17
TOP:gFactualgOBJ:gEpistemologicalgStages
26. WhichgofgthegthreeghistoricalgepistemologicalgstagesgdidgComtegarguegwouldgexplainghumangsocietygby
consultinggthegBiblegorgothergreligiousgtexts?
g
a. thegtheologicalgstage
b. thegmetaphysicalgstage
c. thegscientificgstage
d. thegpost-scientificgstage
ANS:gAgDIF:gModerategREF:gPageg16
TOP:gFactualgOBJ:gEpistemologicalgStages
27. Whichgofgthegfollowinggaregknowngasg“thegfoundinggfathersgofgthegsociologicalgdiscipline”?
a. Comte,gMartineau,gandgMarx
b. Martineau,gAddams,gandgWeber
c. Durkheim,gMarx,gandgWeber
d. Cooley,gPark,gandgMead
ANS:gCgDIF:gEasygREF:gPageg18
TOP:gFactualgOBJ:gClassicalgSociology
28. Whichgofgthegfollowinggfoundersgofgsociologygisgknown,gingpart,gforghavingghisgwritingsgbecomegthegbasisgof
Communism?
g
a. AugustegComte
b. ÉmilegDurkheim
c. KarlgMarx
d. MaxgWeber
ANS:gCgDIF:gEasygREF:gPageg19
MultiplegChoice
1. AsgdefinedgbygC.gWrightgMills,gwhichgofgthegfollowingg“enablesgusgtoggraspghistorygandgbiographygandgthe
relationsgbetweengthegtwogwithingsociety”?
g
a. formalgsociology
b. sociologicalgimagination
c. microsociology
d. macrosociology
ANS:gBgDIF:gEasygREF:gPageg5
TOP:gFactualgOBJ:gSociologicalgImagination
2. FeelinggdiscomfortgaboutgruralgChinesegsociety,gwheregmanyggenerationsgofgagfamilygsleepgingthegsame
bed,gisgknowngas:
g
a. xenophobia.
b. Verstehen.
c. socialgidentity.
d. socialgecology.
ANS:gAgDIF:gModerategREF:gPagesg6–7
TOP:gAppliedgOBJ:gSociologicalgImagination
3. HowgdoesgthegtextbookgauthorgusegdialoguegfromgPulpgFiction,gingwhichgthegcharactersgdiscussghowgin
Hollandgpeoplegputgmayonnaisegongtheirgfrenchgfries?
g
a. togintroducegthegsociologygofgfilm
b. togexplaingthegsociologicalgimagination
c. togexplaingsocialginstitutions
d. togdefinegformalgsociology
ANS:gBgDIF:gEasygREF:gPageg7
TOP:gAppliedgOBJ:gSociologicalgImagination
4. Agfemalegmanagergisgattemptinggtogclimbghergwaygtogthegtopgofgthegcorporategladder.gShegworksgasghard,gifg
notgharder,gthanghergmalegcolleagues,gbutgnothinggshegseemsgtogdoghelpsghergadvance.gShegbeginsgtognoticegthatgmal
esgaregbeinggpromoted,gbutgfemalesgtendgtogbegoverlookedgforgadvancements.gThegrealizationgthatgmanygwomengingher
gcircumstancegaregexperiencinggthegsamegdiscriminationgisgangexamplegof:
a. anomie.
b. Verstehen.
c. sociologicalgimagination.
d. socialgcohesion.
ANS:gCgDIF:gDifficultgREF:gPageg5
TOP:gAppliedgOBJ:gSociologicalgImagination
5. Sociologistsgandgeconomistsghavegshowngthatgthegbenefitsgofghighergeducationgincludeghighergmedian
incomesgforgcollegeggraduates.gThisgisgknowngas:
g
a. educationalginvestment.
b. thegreturnsgtogschooling.
c. studyghardgorgbegpoor.
d. getgangeducation;ggetgagjob.
ANS:gBgDIF:gModerategREF:gPageg8
TOP:gFactualgOBJ:gReturnsgtogSchooling
6. Aftergdoinggsomegsociologicalgmath,gwhatgisgthegnetgdifferencegbetweengthegannualgearningsgofgthe
averageghighgschoolgversusgcollegeggraduate?
g
a. aboutg$5,000gpergyear
b. aboutg$10,000gpergyear
c. aboutg$15,000gpergyear
d. aboutg$50,000gpergyearg
ANS:gCgDIF:gDifficultgREF:gPageg9
, TOP:gConceptualgOBJ:gReturnsgtogSchooling
7. AccordinggtogRandallgCollins’sg(1979)gresearch,gthegexpansiongofghighergeducationgis:
a. mainlygcausedgbygthegglobalizationgofgcapitalism.
b. likelygcausedgbygless-preparedghighgschoolgstudentsgenteringgcollege.
c. agresultgofgcredentialism gandgexpendituresgongformalgeducation.
d. agresultgofgincreasingggovernmentalginterferencegingeducationalgfunding.
ANS:gCgDIF:gDifficultgREF:gPageg11gTO
P:gFactualgOBJ:gCredentialism
8. Accordinggtogresearchgusedgtogquestiongcredentialism,gwhatgmightgitgcostgtogbuygagcollegegdiplomagonline?
a. $29.95
b. $99.99
c. $250.00
d. atgleastg$1,000
ANS:gAgDIF:gModerategREF:gPageg11gT
OP:gFactualgOBJ:gCredentialism
9. Ingtoday’sgsociety,gRandallgCollinsgmightgsuggestgthatggettinggag“piecegofgpaper”gisgmoregimportantgtogmany
thangactuallyghavinggthegknowledgegtogdogagjob.gHegcallsgthegprioritygplacedgongformalgeducation:
g
a. secondarygeducation.
b. credentialism.
c. normlessness.
d. xenophobia.
ANS:gBgDIF:gDifficultgREF:gPageg11gTO
P:gConceptualgOBJ:gCredentialism
10. Allgofgthegfollowinggaregexamplesgofgsocialginstitutionsgusedgtogpreventgwebsitesgfromgundermining
colleges’gdegree-conferringgabilitiesgEXCEPT:
g
a. copyrightglaw.
b. policegforces.
c. employers.
d. families.
ANS:gDgDIF:gEasygREF:gPageg11
TOP:gFactualgOBJ:gSocialgInstitutions
11. Whichgofgthegfollowinggisgdefinedgasgagsetgofgstoriesgembeddedgwithingagsocialgnetworkgaboutgthegstandard
waysgagsocietygmeetsgitsgneeds?
g
a. agsocialgidentity
b. agsocialginstitution
c. agtheory
d. anomie
ANS:gBgDIF:gModerategREF:gPageg12gT
OP:gFactualgOBJ:gSocialgInstitutions
12. Thegauthorgofgyourgtextgstatesgthatgthegmostgage-segregatedgsocialginstitutiongingourgsocietygis:
a. aghospital.
b. agmentalginstitution.
c. agprison.
d. agfour-yeargcollege.
ANS:gDgDIF:gEasygREF:gPageg12
TOP:gFactualgOBJ:gSocialgInstitutions
13. Agfamily,gasgaggroupgofgpeopleglivinggtogethergsharinggindividualgstories,gmakesgupga(n):
a. socialginstitution.
b. conflictginstitution.
c. anomicginstitution.
d. creativeginstitution.
ANS:gAgDIF:gDifficultgREF:gPageg13
TOP:gConceptualgOBJ:gSocialgInstitutions
14. ThegPhillipgMorrisgCompanygchangedgitsgnamegtogAltiragingangattemptgtogstartgagnew:
,a. linegofgcigarettes.
b. defensegagainstglawgsuits.
c. socialgidentity.
d. multinationalgcompany.
ANS:gCgDIF:gModerategREF:gPageg13gT
OP:gFactualgOBJ:gSocialgIdentity
15. Theg“grandgnarrative”gthatgconstitutesgagsocialgidentity:
a. isgnothinggmoregthangagsumgofgindividualgstoriesgtoldgbetweengpairsgofgindividuals.
b. remainsgthegsamegthroughoutgtime.
c. cangonlygbegdefinedgbygthegindividualghim-gorgherself.
d. isgbestgdisplayedgonlinegongMySpacegandgFacebook.
ANS:gAgDIF:gModerategREF:gPageg13gT
OP:gConceptualgOBJ:gSocialgIdentity
16. Asgagformalgfield,gsociologygisgagrelativelyg discipline,gasgdiscussedgingChapterg1.
a. old
b. established
c. young
d. conservative
ANS:gCgDIF:gEasygREF:gPageg15
TOP:gFactualgOBJ:gEarlygSociologicalgTheory
17. Whogwasgthegauthorgofgthegfirstgmethodsgbookgingthegdisciplinegofgsociology?
a. EmilegDurkheim
b. HarrietgMartineau
c. JanegAddams
d. MaxgWeber
ANS:gBgDIF:gModerategREF:gPageg18
TOP:gFactualgOBJ:gAugustgComtegandgHarrietgMartineau
18. IngthegbookgHowgtogObservegMoralsgandgManners,gtheginstitutiongofgmarriagegisgcriticizedgas:
a. basedgongangassumptiongofgtheginferioritygofgwomen.
b. basedgongangassumptiongofgtheginferioritygofgmen.
c. reinforcinggcompulsorygheterosexuality.
d. perpetuatinggsocialgclassgstratification.
ANS:gAgDIF:gModerategREF:gPageg18
TOP:gFactualgOBJ:gAugustgComtegandgHarrietgMartineaug|gFeministgTheory
19. Whichgofgthegfollowinggsociologistsgdevelopedgthegtheorygofgpositivism?
a. AugustegComte
b. EmilegDurkheim
c. KarlgMarx
d. MaxgWeber
ANS:gAgDIF:gModerategREF:gPageg15gT
OP:gFactualgOBJ:gPositivism
20. Positivismgisgbestgdefinedgas:
a. thegideagthatgwegcangscientificallygandglogicallygstudygsocialginstitutionsgandgthegindividualsgwithingthem.
b. thegeffectgofgreligiongongsocialginstitutionsgandgthegindividualsgwithingthem.
c. thegstudygofgthegsymbolicginteractionsgbetweengsocialginstitutionsgandgthegindividualsgwithingthem.
d. thegrelationshipgbetweengscientificgandgreligiousgsocialginstitutions.
ANS:gAgDIF:gDifficultgREF:gPageg16gTO
P:gFactualgOBJ:gPositivism
21. AccordinggtogComte,gpositivismgarosegoutgofgagneedgtogmakeg
sensegofgthegsocialgordergingagtimegofgdeclininggreligiousgauthority.
a. scientific
b. moral
c. rational
d. economic
, ANS:gBgDIF:gModerategREF:gPageg16gT
OP:gFactualgOBJ:gPositivism
22. Thegpersongthatgisgoftengconsideredgtogbegthegfoundinggfathergofgpositivismgis:
a. ÉmilegDurkheim.
b. KarlgMarx.
c. GeorggSimmel.
d. GeorgegHerbertgMead.
ANS:gAgDIF:gModerategREF:gPageg23gT
OP:gFactualgOBJ:gPositivism
23. Allgofgthegfollowinggaregknowngasgthegthreegepistemologicalgstagesgofghumangsociety,gasgexplainedgby
Comte,gEXCEPT:
g
a. thegtheologicalgstage.
b. thegmetaphysicalgstage.
c. thegscientificgstage.
d. thegpost-scientificgstage.
ANS:gDgDIF:gEasygREF:gPagesg16–17
TOP:gFactualgOBJ:gEpistemologicalgStages
24. WhichgofgthegthreeghistoricalgepistemologicalgstagesgofghumangsocietygdidgComtegexplaingwasghighlightedg
bygEnlightenmentgthinkinggsuchgasgRousseau’s,gMill’s,gandgHobbes’sgbeliefsgingbiologicalgcausesgforghumangbehavior?
a. thegtheologicalgstage
b. thegmetaphysicalgstage
c. thegscientificgstage
d. thegpost-scientificgstage
ANS:gBgDIF:gModerategREF:gPageg17
TOP:gFactualgOBJ:gEpistemologicalgStages
25. WhichgofgthegthreeghistoricalgepistemologicalgstagesgofghumangsocietygdidgComtegclaimgwasgcharacterized
bygthegdevelopmentgofgsocialgphysicsgtogexplainghumangbehavior?
g
a. thegtheologicalgstage
b. thegmetaphysicalgstage
c. thegscientificgstage
d. thegpost-scientificgstage
ANS:gCgDIF:gModerategREF:gPageg17
TOP:gFactualgOBJ:gEpistemologicalgStages
26. WhichgofgthegthreeghistoricalgepistemologicalgstagesgdidgComtegarguegwouldgexplainghumangsocietygby
consultinggthegBiblegorgothergreligiousgtexts?
g
a. thegtheologicalgstage
b. thegmetaphysicalgstage
c. thegscientificgstage
d. thegpost-scientificgstage
ANS:gAgDIF:gModerategREF:gPageg16
TOP:gFactualgOBJ:gEpistemologicalgStages
27. Whichgofgthegfollowinggaregknowngasg“thegfoundinggfathersgofgthegsociologicalgdiscipline”?
a. Comte,gMartineau,gandgMarx
b. Martineau,gAddams,gandgWeber
c. Durkheim,gMarx,gandgWeber
d. Cooley,gPark,gandgMead
ANS:gCgDIF:gEasygREF:gPageg18
TOP:gFactualgOBJ:gClassicalgSociology
28. Whichgofgthegfollowinggfoundersgofgsociologygisgknown,gingpart,gforghavingghisgwritingsgbecomegthegbasisgof
Communism?
g
a. AugustegComte
b. ÉmilegDurkheim
c. KarlgMarx
d. MaxgWeber
ANS:gCgDIF:gEasygREF:gPageg19
