TESTtBANKtFORtUNDERSTANDINGtPATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathophysiology, 6th Edition
t t t t t t
Chapter 01: Cellular Biology
t t t
MULTIPLEtCHOICE
1. Atstudenttistobservingtatcelltundertthetmicroscope.tIttistobservedttothavetsupercoiledtDNAtwitht
histones.tWhichtoftthetfollowingtwouldtalsotbetobservedtbytthetstudent?
a. Atsingletcirculartchromosome
b. Atnucleus
c. Free-floatingtnucleartmaterial
d. Notorganelles
ANS:t B
Thetcelltdescribedtistateukaryotictcell,tsotitthasthistonestandtatsupercoiledtDNAtwithintitstnucleus;t
thus,tthetnucleustshouldtbetobserved.tAtsingletcirculartchromosometcalledtatprokaryotetcontainstf
ree-floatingtnucleartmaterialtbutthastnotorganelles.
REF:t p.t2
2. Atnursetistinstructingtthetstafftabouttcellulartfunctions.tWhichtcellulartfunctiontistthetnursetdescr
ibingtwhentantisolatedtcelltabsorbstoxygentandtusestitttottransformtnutrientsttotenergy?
a. Metabolictabsorption
b. Communication
c. Secretion
d. Respiration
ANS:t D
Thetcell’stabilityttotabsorbtoxygentistreferredttotastrespirationtwhiletitstcommunicationtabilitytinvolves
tmaintenancetoftatsteadytdynamictstate,tmetabolictabsorptiontprovidestnutrition,tandtsecretiontallowstf
ortthetsynthesizingtoftnewtsubstances.
REF:t p.t2
3. AteukaryotictcelltistundergoingtDNAtreplication.tIntwhichtregiontoftthetcelltwouldtmosttoftthetg
enetictinformationtbetcontained?
a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. NucleustCytoplasm
ANS:t C
Thetregiontoftthetcelltthattcontainstgenetictmaterial,tincludingtatlargetamounttoftribonucleictacid,t
mosttoftthetDNA,tandtDNA-
bindingtproteins,tistthetnucleolus,twhichtistlocatedtwithintthetcell’stnucleus.tMitochondriatistasso
ciatedtwithtcellulartrespiration,twhiletribosomestaretinvolvedtwithtproteintmanufacturing.tCytopl
asmtistatfluidtfillingtthattistatcomponenttoftthetcell.
REF:t p.t2
,TESTtBANKtFORtUNDERSTANDINGtPATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathophysiology, 6th Edition
t t t t t t
Chapter 01: Cellular Biology
t t t
4. Whichtoftthetfollowingtcantremovetproteinstattachedttotthetcell’stbilayertbytdissolvingtthetlaye
rtitself?
a. Peripheraltmembranetproteins
b. Integraltmembranetproteins
c. Glycoproteins
d. Celltadhesiontmolecules
ANS:t B
Proteinstdirectlytattachedttotthetmembranetbilayertcantbetremovedtbytthetactiontoftintegraltmembr
anetproteinstthattdissolvetthetbilayer.tPeripheraltmembranetproteinstresidetattthetsurfacetwhiletcel
ltadhesiontmoleculestaretontthetoutsidetoftthetmembrane.tGlycoproteintmarkstcellstandtdoestnottfl
oat.
REF:t p.t7
5. Whichtoftthetfollowingtcantbindttotplasmatmembranetreceptors?
a. Oxygen
b. Ribosomes
c. Amphipathictlipids
d. Ligands
ANS:t D
Ligandstaretthetonlytspecifictmoleculestthattcantbindtwithtreceptorstontthetcelltmembrane.
REF:t p.t9
6. Atnursetistreviewingtatreporttfromtatpatienttwithtmetastatictcancer.tWhattalternationtintthetextra
cellulartmatrixtwouldts uNp p oRr t ttU
hItS G
e tdtN
iagn
tT
Bo.
siC
stofM
metastatictcancer?
a. Decreasedtfibronectin
b. Increasedtcollagen
c. Decreasedtelastin
d. Increasedtglycoproteins
ANS:t A
Onlytatreducedtamounttoftfibronectintistfoundtintsomettypestoftcanceroustcells,tallowingtthemttottr
aveltortmetastasize.
REF:t p.t10
7. Whichtformtoftcelltcommunicationtistusedttotrelatettotothertcellstintdirecttphysicaltcontact?
a. Celltjunction
b. Gaptjunction
c. Desmosome
d. Tighttjunction
ANS:t A
Celltjunctionstholdtcellsttogethertandtpermittmoleculesttotpasstfromtcellttotcell.
Gaptjunctionstallowtfortcellulartcommunicationtbetweentcells.tNeithertdesmosomestnorttighttjunction
staretassociatedtwithtcellulartcommunication.
REF:t p.t11
,TESTtBANKtFORtUNDERSTANDINGtPATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathophysiology, 6th Edition
t t t t t t
Chapter 01: Cellular Biology
t t t
8. Pancreatictbetatcellstsecretetinsulin,twhichtinhibitstsecretiontoftglucagontfromtneighboringtalp
hatcells.tThistactiontistantexampletoftwhichtoftthetfollowingtsignalingttypes?
a. Paracrine
b. Autocrine
c. Neurohormonal
d. Hormonal
ANS:t A
Paracrinetsignalingtinvolvestthetreleasetoftlocaltchemicaltmediatorstthattaretquicklyttakentup,tdestr
oyed,tortimmobilized,tastintthetcasetoftinsulintandtthetinhibitiontoftthetsecretiontoftglucagon.tNonet
oftthetothertoptionstinvolvetsignalingtthattistassociatedtwithtatlocaltchemicaltmediatortliketinsulin.
REF:t p.t12
9. Intcellulartmetabolism,teachtenzymethastathightaffinitytforta:
a. solute.
b. substrate.
c. receptor.
d. ribosome.
ANS:t B
Eachtenzymethastathightaffinitytfortatsubstrate,tatspecifictsubstancetconvertedttotatproducttoftthetre
action.tCellulartmetabolismtistnottdependenttontantattractiontbetweentantenzymetandtanytoftthetre
mainingtoptions.
REF:t t p.t16
10. Antathletetrunstatmarathon,taftertwhichthistmusclestfeeltfatiguedtandtunablettotcontract.tThetathlet
etaskstthetnursetwhytthisthappened.tThetnurse’stresponsetistbasedtontthetknowledgetthattthetproble
mtistresulttoftatdeficiencytof:
a. GTP
b. AMP
c. ATP
d. GMP
ANS:t C
WhentATPtistdeficient,timpairedtmuscletcontractiontresults.tNonetoftthetothertoptionstaretinvolve
dtintmuscletcontraction.
REF:t p.t16
11. WhichtphasetoftcatabolismtproducestthetmosttATP?
a. Digestion
b. Glycolysis
c. Oxidation
d. Citrictacidtcycle
ANS:t D
WhiletsometATPtistproducedtduringtthetoxidationtandtglycolysistphases,tmosttoftthetATPtis
, TESTtBANKtFORtUNDERSTANDINGtPATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathophysiology, 6th Edition C
t t t t t t t
hapter 01: Cellular Biology
t t t
generatedtduringtthetcitrictacidtcycle.tDigestiontdoestnottproducetanytATP.
Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathophysiology, 6th Edition
t t t t t t
Chapter 01: Cellular Biology
t t t
MULTIPLEtCHOICE
1. Atstudenttistobservingtatcelltundertthetmicroscope.tIttistobservedttothavetsupercoiledtDNAtwitht
histones.tWhichtoftthetfollowingtwouldtalsotbetobservedtbytthetstudent?
a. Atsingletcirculartchromosome
b. Atnucleus
c. Free-floatingtnucleartmaterial
d. Notorganelles
ANS:t B
Thetcelltdescribedtistateukaryotictcell,tsotitthasthistonestandtatsupercoiledtDNAtwithintitstnucleus;t
thus,tthetnucleustshouldtbetobserved.tAtsingletcirculartchromosometcalledtatprokaryotetcontainstf
ree-floatingtnucleartmaterialtbutthastnotorganelles.
REF:t p.t2
2. Atnursetistinstructingtthetstafftabouttcellulartfunctions.tWhichtcellulartfunctiontistthetnursetdescr
ibingtwhentantisolatedtcelltabsorbstoxygentandtusestitttottransformtnutrientsttotenergy?
a. Metabolictabsorption
b. Communication
c. Secretion
d. Respiration
ANS:t D
Thetcell’stabilityttotabsorbtoxygentistreferredttotastrespirationtwhiletitstcommunicationtabilitytinvolves
tmaintenancetoftatsteadytdynamictstate,tmetabolictabsorptiontprovidestnutrition,tandtsecretiontallowstf
ortthetsynthesizingtoftnewtsubstances.
REF:t p.t2
3. AteukaryotictcelltistundergoingtDNAtreplication.tIntwhichtregiontoftthetcelltwouldtmosttoftthetg
enetictinformationtbetcontained?
a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. NucleustCytoplasm
ANS:t C
Thetregiontoftthetcelltthattcontainstgenetictmaterial,tincludingtatlargetamounttoftribonucleictacid,t
mosttoftthetDNA,tandtDNA-
bindingtproteins,tistthetnucleolus,twhichtistlocatedtwithintthetcell’stnucleus.tMitochondriatistasso
ciatedtwithtcellulartrespiration,twhiletribosomestaretinvolvedtwithtproteintmanufacturing.tCytopl
asmtistatfluidtfillingtthattistatcomponenttoftthetcell.
REF:t p.t2
,TESTtBANKtFORtUNDERSTANDINGtPATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathophysiology, 6th Edition
t t t t t t
Chapter 01: Cellular Biology
t t t
4. Whichtoftthetfollowingtcantremovetproteinstattachedttotthetcell’stbilayertbytdissolvingtthetlaye
rtitself?
a. Peripheraltmembranetproteins
b. Integraltmembranetproteins
c. Glycoproteins
d. Celltadhesiontmolecules
ANS:t B
Proteinstdirectlytattachedttotthetmembranetbilayertcantbetremovedtbytthetactiontoftintegraltmembr
anetproteinstthattdissolvetthetbilayer.tPeripheraltmembranetproteinstresidetattthetsurfacetwhiletcel
ltadhesiontmoleculestaretontthetoutsidetoftthetmembrane.tGlycoproteintmarkstcellstandtdoestnottfl
oat.
REF:t p.t7
5. Whichtoftthetfollowingtcantbindttotplasmatmembranetreceptors?
a. Oxygen
b. Ribosomes
c. Amphipathictlipids
d. Ligands
ANS:t D
Ligandstaretthetonlytspecifictmoleculestthattcantbindtwithtreceptorstontthetcelltmembrane.
REF:t p.t9
6. Atnursetistreviewingtatreporttfromtatpatienttwithtmetastatictcancer.tWhattalternationtintthetextra
cellulartmatrixtwouldts uNp p oRr t ttU
hItS G
e tdtN
iagn
tT
Bo.
siC
stofM
metastatictcancer?
a. Decreasedtfibronectin
b. Increasedtcollagen
c. Decreasedtelastin
d. Increasedtglycoproteins
ANS:t A
Onlytatreducedtamounttoftfibronectintistfoundtintsomettypestoftcanceroustcells,tallowingtthemttottr
aveltortmetastasize.
REF:t p.t10
7. Whichtformtoftcelltcommunicationtistusedttotrelatettotothertcellstintdirecttphysicaltcontact?
a. Celltjunction
b. Gaptjunction
c. Desmosome
d. Tighttjunction
ANS:t A
Celltjunctionstholdtcellsttogethertandtpermittmoleculesttotpasstfromtcellttotcell.
Gaptjunctionstallowtfortcellulartcommunicationtbetweentcells.tNeithertdesmosomestnorttighttjunction
staretassociatedtwithtcellulartcommunication.
REF:t p.t11
,TESTtBANKtFORtUNDERSTANDINGtPATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathophysiology, 6th Edition
t t t t t t
Chapter 01: Cellular Biology
t t t
8. Pancreatictbetatcellstsecretetinsulin,twhichtinhibitstsecretiontoftglucagontfromtneighboringtalp
hatcells.tThistactiontistantexampletoftwhichtoftthetfollowingtsignalingttypes?
a. Paracrine
b. Autocrine
c. Neurohormonal
d. Hormonal
ANS:t A
Paracrinetsignalingtinvolvestthetreleasetoftlocaltchemicaltmediatorstthattaretquicklyttakentup,tdestr
oyed,tortimmobilized,tastintthetcasetoftinsulintandtthetinhibitiontoftthetsecretiontoftglucagon.tNonet
oftthetothertoptionstinvolvetsignalingtthattistassociatedtwithtatlocaltchemicaltmediatortliketinsulin.
REF:t p.t12
9. Intcellulartmetabolism,teachtenzymethastathightaffinitytforta:
a. solute.
b. substrate.
c. receptor.
d. ribosome.
ANS:t B
Eachtenzymethastathightaffinitytfortatsubstrate,tatspecifictsubstancetconvertedttotatproducttoftthetre
action.tCellulartmetabolismtistnottdependenttontantattractiontbetweentantenzymetandtanytoftthetre
mainingtoptions.
REF:t t p.t16
10. Antathletetrunstatmarathon,taftertwhichthistmusclestfeeltfatiguedtandtunablettotcontract.tThetathlet
etaskstthetnursetwhytthisthappened.tThetnurse’stresponsetistbasedtontthetknowledgetthattthetproble
mtistresulttoftatdeficiencytof:
a. GTP
b. AMP
c. ATP
d. GMP
ANS:t C
WhentATPtistdeficient,timpairedtmuscletcontractiontresults.tNonetoftthetothertoptionstaretinvolve
dtintmuscletcontraction.
REF:t p.t16
11. WhichtphasetoftcatabolismtproducestthetmosttATP?
a. Digestion
b. Glycolysis
c. Oxidation
d. Citrictacidtcycle
ANS:t D
WhiletsometATPtistproducedtduringtthetoxidationtandtglycolysistphases,tmosttoftthetATPtis
, TESTtBANKtFORtUNDERSTANDINGtPATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathophysiology, 6th Edition C
t t t t t t t
hapter 01: Cellular Biology
t t t
generatedtduringtthetcitrictacidtcycle.tDigestiontdoestnottproducetanytATP.
