NUR170 Exam 2 Study Guide Review Summary
1. Migraines - pathophysiology: Constriction/dilation of the cerebral arteries in the
brain. The cause of this is not fully known.
2. Migraines - Risk Factors: Food triggers (chocolate, caffeine, alcohol, artificial
sweetners, MSG), Stress, smells, age, hormones, more common in women
3. Migraines - S/S: Pain, photophobia, phonophobia, aura, scalp sensitivity
4. Migraines - Treatment: medication, avoiding triggers, adjuvant therapies
5. Migraines - Nursing Interventions: dark, quiet room, cold therapy, essential oils,
adjuvant therapies
6. Migraines - Medications: preventative: anti-convulsants, calcium channel block-
ers, beta-blockers
abortive: caffeine, NSAIDS, Triptans
Botox injections, magnesium
7. Migraines - Patient Teaching: Take medication as soon as you feel a migraine
coming on, take preventative meds daily.
8. Epilepsy/Seizures - Pathophysiology: abnormal electrical activity in the brain
9. Epilepsy/Seizures - Risk Factors/Causes: alcohol/drug abuse, hx of stroke,
family hx, traumatic brain injury, sleep deprivation, stress, infection, hypertension
1
, 10. Epilepsy/Seizures - Diagnostics: EEG, CT, MRI, SPECT, PET
11. Epilepsy/Seizures - Seizure management DURING: Record time it began and
ended, types of movements, place pt on floor, continually assess ABC's, maintain
pt safety, loosen restrictive clothing, Benzos break the seizure
12. Epilepsy/Seizures - Seizure management AFTER: Involves reorientation, as-
sess ABC's, side-lying position, suction secretions, no restraints, loosen restrictive
clothing, ensure patient safety, pad bed rails, administer O2, patent IV
13. Epilepsy/Seizures - Treatment: meds: pams, benzos, phenytoin
14. Epilepsy/Seizures - Patient Teaching: 6months seizure free before driving,
medication compliance, follow up labs/neuro appts, medical alert bracelt, decreasing
triggers
15. Epilepsy/Seizures - S/S: Loss of consciousness, involuntary twitching/jerk-
ing/stiffening of the body
16. Multiple Sclerosis - Pathophysiology: a progressive disease with no cure that
affects all body systems. it is an autoimmune issue that affects the myelin sheath
along the brain, optic nerve, and spinal cord (both sensory and motor is affected)
17. Multiple Sclerosis - S/S (SENSORY): tinnitus, blurred vision, diplopia, de-
creased visual acuity, vision loss, hyperalgesia, vertigo, hearing loss, paresthesia,
facial pain, decreased temp, memory loss
2
1. Migraines - pathophysiology: Constriction/dilation of the cerebral arteries in the
brain. The cause of this is not fully known.
2. Migraines - Risk Factors: Food triggers (chocolate, caffeine, alcohol, artificial
sweetners, MSG), Stress, smells, age, hormones, more common in women
3. Migraines - S/S: Pain, photophobia, phonophobia, aura, scalp sensitivity
4. Migraines - Treatment: medication, avoiding triggers, adjuvant therapies
5. Migraines - Nursing Interventions: dark, quiet room, cold therapy, essential oils,
adjuvant therapies
6. Migraines - Medications: preventative: anti-convulsants, calcium channel block-
ers, beta-blockers
abortive: caffeine, NSAIDS, Triptans
Botox injections, magnesium
7. Migraines - Patient Teaching: Take medication as soon as you feel a migraine
coming on, take preventative meds daily.
8. Epilepsy/Seizures - Pathophysiology: abnormal electrical activity in the brain
9. Epilepsy/Seizures - Risk Factors/Causes: alcohol/drug abuse, hx of stroke,
family hx, traumatic brain injury, sleep deprivation, stress, infection, hypertension
1
, 10. Epilepsy/Seizures - Diagnostics: EEG, CT, MRI, SPECT, PET
11. Epilepsy/Seizures - Seizure management DURING: Record time it began and
ended, types of movements, place pt on floor, continually assess ABC's, maintain
pt safety, loosen restrictive clothing, Benzos break the seizure
12. Epilepsy/Seizures - Seizure management AFTER: Involves reorientation, as-
sess ABC's, side-lying position, suction secretions, no restraints, loosen restrictive
clothing, ensure patient safety, pad bed rails, administer O2, patent IV
13. Epilepsy/Seizures - Treatment: meds: pams, benzos, phenytoin
14. Epilepsy/Seizures - Patient Teaching: 6months seizure free before driving,
medication compliance, follow up labs/neuro appts, medical alert bracelt, decreasing
triggers
15. Epilepsy/Seizures - S/S: Loss of consciousness, involuntary twitching/jerk-
ing/stiffening of the body
16. Multiple Sclerosis - Pathophysiology: a progressive disease with no cure that
affects all body systems. it is an autoimmune issue that affects the myelin sheath
along the brain, optic nerve, and spinal cord (both sensory and motor is affected)
17. Multiple Sclerosis - S/S (SENSORY): tinnitus, blurred vision, diplopia, de-
creased visual acuity, vision loss, hyperalgesia, vertigo, hearing loss, paresthesia,
facial pain, decreased temp, memory loss
2
