Chapter 01: The Evolution of Criminal Investigation and Forensic Science
Multiple Choice Questions
1. The first modern detective force was
A) the Bow Street Runners.
B) established by the Metropolitan Police Act of 1829.
C) created by Patrick Colquhoun.
D) headed by attorney Howard Vincent.
Ans: A
Page ref: 3
2. When the London Metropolitan Police force was established in 1829, the British public was
at first suspicious and at times even hostile towards it because
A) King Edward II had supported its creation.
B) Rowan and Mayne had intimate ties to the royal family.
C) social reformers such as Jeremy Bentham had long argued that it was a danger to
personal liberty.
D) French citizens had experienced oppression under centralized police.
Ans: D
Page ref: 3
3. In 1833, an ordinance creating America's first paid, daylight police force?
A) Philadelphia
B) Chicago
C) New York City
D) Baltimore
Ans: A
Page ref: 3-4
4. After the Civil War, Pinkerton’s National Detective Agency engaged in the two broad areas of
?
A) Locating war criminals and providing protection to the President of the United States.
B) Controlling a discontented working class and protection of the President of the United States.
C) Pursuing bank robbers and arresting train robbers.
D) Controlling a discontented working class and pursuing bank and railroad robbers.
Ans: D
Page ref: 4
5. Which state and city was the first to create a unified police force in this country?
A) New Orleans, LA.
B) New York, NY.
C) Baltimore, MD.
D) Philadelphia, PA
Ans: B
Page ref: 4
,6. Which of the following is not one of the reasons cited in the textbook for having
reliable detectives in Americain the 1800’s?
A) Graft and corruption were common among America’s big city police officers.
B) Police jurisdictions were limited.
C) There was little information sharing among police departments.
D) All of the above are reasons cited in the textbook.
Ans: D
Page ref: 4
7. A rogues' gallery is
A) only practical in cities of 100,000 population or more.
B) photographs of known criminals arranged by criminal specialty and height.
C) a line-up of known offenders for viewing by detectives so they can recognize the
criminals later on the street.
D) only practical in cities of 100,000 population or more and are photographs of
known criminals arranged by criminal specialty and physical height.
Ans: B
Page ref: 6
8. What was the original mission of the Secret Service when created by Congress in 1865?
A) Combat counterfeiting.
B) Provide protection for Presidents.
C) Prevent drug importation into this country.
D) All of the preceding was addressed in the Secret Service’s original Charter.
Ans: A
Page ref: 6
9. What municipal agency was the first to establish a Criminal Identification Bureau?
A) Chicago, Ill.
B) Atlanta, GA.
C) Philadelphia, PA.
D) New Orleans, LA.
Ans: A
Page ref: 6
10. Which agency was the prototype for modern state police organizations?
A) New York State Police.
B) Georgia State Police.
C) Pennsylvania State Police.
D) Pinkerton International Detective Agency.
Ans: C
Page ref: 611.
11. The Harrison Act of 1914 mad the distribution of nonmedical drugs a crime. The agency
currently charged with enforcing its provisions is .
,A) Federal Bureau of Investigations
B) Narcotics Bureau
C) Drug Enforcement Agency
D) Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs
Ans: C
Page ref: 8
12. During 1961-1966, the U.S. Supreme Court became unusually active in hearing cases
involving the rights of criminal suspects and defendants. This is referred to as the
A) radical court era.
B) conservative court era.
C) due process revolution.
D) ex-post facto period.
Ans: C
Page ref: 8-9
13. The first major book describing the application of scientific disciplines to criminal
investigation was written in 1893 by Hans Gross. Translated into English in 1906, it
remains highly respected today as a seminal work in the field. What is the book’s title?
A) Criminal Investigation.
B) The Scientific Method of Criminal Inquiry.
C) Science and Criminal Conduct.
D) Forensic Science and Crime.
Ans: A
Page ref: 9
14. What early method of criminal identification is based on the fact that every human being
differs from every other one in the exact measurements of their body, and that the sum of
these measurements yields a characteristic formula for each individual?
A) Dactylography.
B) Ectomorphism.
C) Anthropometry.
D) Meso-morphism.
Ans: C
Page ref: 9
15. The father of criminal identification is:
A) Hans Gross.
B) Alfonse Bertillon.
C) Edward Henry.
D) William Herschel.
Ans: B
Page ref: 9
16. The first country to use fingerprints as a system of criminal identification was:
A) Germany.
, B) France.
C) China.
D) England.
Ans: D
Page ref: 11
17. Which 1903 case was the most important incident to advance the use of fingerprints
in America?
A) Lindberg kidnapping.
B) "James Jones."
C) West.
D) Faurot.
Ans: C
Page ref: 11-12
18. In 1985, research by and his colleagues at Leicester University, England
led to the discovery that portions of the DNA structure of certain genes are as unique to
individuals, as are fingerprints.
A) Watson
B) Ashworth
C) Crick
D) Jeffreys
Ans: D
Page ref: 12
19. What is the significance of the Enderby Cases that are referred to in the textbook?
A) It proved without a doubt that DNA results were unreliable in court.
B) The first use of DNA to exonerate a person convicted of the rape of two persons.
C) The first use of DNA typing in a criminal trial.
D) Both B and C.
Ans: C
Page ref: 13
20. The Palo Verde case is significant because it
A) excluded evidence due to improper police training.
B) was the first use of plant DNA in a criminal case.
C) established the scientific basis for dactylography.
D) confirmed Gravelle's Principal.
Ans: B
Page ref: 14
21. is considered most responsible for raising firearms
identification to a science and for perfecting the bullet comparison microscope?
A) Paul Jeserich.
B) Henri Lacassagne.
C) Henry Balthazard.
Multiple Choice Questions
1. The first modern detective force was
A) the Bow Street Runners.
B) established by the Metropolitan Police Act of 1829.
C) created by Patrick Colquhoun.
D) headed by attorney Howard Vincent.
Ans: A
Page ref: 3
2. When the London Metropolitan Police force was established in 1829, the British public was
at first suspicious and at times even hostile towards it because
A) King Edward II had supported its creation.
B) Rowan and Mayne had intimate ties to the royal family.
C) social reformers such as Jeremy Bentham had long argued that it was a danger to
personal liberty.
D) French citizens had experienced oppression under centralized police.
Ans: D
Page ref: 3
3. In 1833, an ordinance creating America's first paid, daylight police force?
A) Philadelphia
B) Chicago
C) New York City
D) Baltimore
Ans: A
Page ref: 3-4
4. After the Civil War, Pinkerton’s National Detective Agency engaged in the two broad areas of
?
A) Locating war criminals and providing protection to the President of the United States.
B) Controlling a discontented working class and protection of the President of the United States.
C) Pursuing bank robbers and arresting train robbers.
D) Controlling a discontented working class and pursuing bank and railroad robbers.
Ans: D
Page ref: 4
5. Which state and city was the first to create a unified police force in this country?
A) New Orleans, LA.
B) New York, NY.
C) Baltimore, MD.
D) Philadelphia, PA
Ans: B
Page ref: 4
,6. Which of the following is not one of the reasons cited in the textbook for having
reliable detectives in Americain the 1800’s?
A) Graft and corruption were common among America’s big city police officers.
B) Police jurisdictions were limited.
C) There was little information sharing among police departments.
D) All of the above are reasons cited in the textbook.
Ans: D
Page ref: 4
7. A rogues' gallery is
A) only practical in cities of 100,000 population or more.
B) photographs of known criminals arranged by criminal specialty and height.
C) a line-up of known offenders for viewing by detectives so they can recognize the
criminals later on the street.
D) only practical in cities of 100,000 population or more and are photographs of
known criminals arranged by criminal specialty and physical height.
Ans: B
Page ref: 6
8. What was the original mission of the Secret Service when created by Congress in 1865?
A) Combat counterfeiting.
B) Provide protection for Presidents.
C) Prevent drug importation into this country.
D) All of the preceding was addressed in the Secret Service’s original Charter.
Ans: A
Page ref: 6
9. What municipal agency was the first to establish a Criminal Identification Bureau?
A) Chicago, Ill.
B) Atlanta, GA.
C) Philadelphia, PA.
D) New Orleans, LA.
Ans: A
Page ref: 6
10. Which agency was the prototype for modern state police organizations?
A) New York State Police.
B) Georgia State Police.
C) Pennsylvania State Police.
D) Pinkerton International Detective Agency.
Ans: C
Page ref: 611.
11. The Harrison Act of 1914 mad the distribution of nonmedical drugs a crime. The agency
currently charged with enforcing its provisions is .
,A) Federal Bureau of Investigations
B) Narcotics Bureau
C) Drug Enforcement Agency
D) Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs
Ans: C
Page ref: 8
12. During 1961-1966, the U.S. Supreme Court became unusually active in hearing cases
involving the rights of criminal suspects and defendants. This is referred to as the
A) radical court era.
B) conservative court era.
C) due process revolution.
D) ex-post facto period.
Ans: C
Page ref: 8-9
13. The first major book describing the application of scientific disciplines to criminal
investigation was written in 1893 by Hans Gross. Translated into English in 1906, it
remains highly respected today as a seminal work in the field. What is the book’s title?
A) Criminal Investigation.
B) The Scientific Method of Criminal Inquiry.
C) Science and Criminal Conduct.
D) Forensic Science and Crime.
Ans: A
Page ref: 9
14. What early method of criminal identification is based on the fact that every human being
differs from every other one in the exact measurements of their body, and that the sum of
these measurements yields a characteristic formula for each individual?
A) Dactylography.
B) Ectomorphism.
C) Anthropometry.
D) Meso-morphism.
Ans: C
Page ref: 9
15. The father of criminal identification is:
A) Hans Gross.
B) Alfonse Bertillon.
C) Edward Henry.
D) William Herschel.
Ans: B
Page ref: 9
16. The first country to use fingerprints as a system of criminal identification was:
A) Germany.
, B) France.
C) China.
D) England.
Ans: D
Page ref: 11
17. Which 1903 case was the most important incident to advance the use of fingerprints
in America?
A) Lindberg kidnapping.
B) "James Jones."
C) West.
D) Faurot.
Ans: C
Page ref: 11-12
18. In 1985, research by and his colleagues at Leicester University, England
led to the discovery that portions of the DNA structure of certain genes are as unique to
individuals, as are fingerprints.
A) Watson
B) Ashworth
C) Crick
D) Jeffreys
Ans: D
Page ref: 12
19. What is the significance of the Enderby Cases that are referred to in the textbook?
A) It proved without a doubt that DNA results were unreliable in court.
B) The first use of DNA to exonerate a person convicted of the rape of two persons.
C) The first use of DNA typing in a criminal trial.
D) Both B and C.
Ans: C
Page ref: 13
20. The Palo Verde case is significant because it
A) excluded evidence due to improper police training.
B) was the first use of plant DNA in a criminal case.
C) established the scientific basis for dactylography.
D) confirmed Gravelle's Principal.
Ans: B
Page ref: 14
21. is considered most responsible for raising firearms
identification to a science and for perfecting the bullet comparison microscope?
A) Paul Jeserich.
B) Henri Lacassagne.
C) Henry Balthazard.
