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AQA Chemistry As Level Paper 1 2024
Comprehensive Questions And Verified
Answers/ Complete Solutions With Rationales
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Terms in this set (50)
Lowest energy filled first (3d>4s)
State the electron rules Line up parallel
Single until forced to pair
The ability of an atom to attract electrons within a
Electronegativity
covalent bond
Average mass of one atom compared to 1/12th the
RAM (relative atomic
mass of a c-12 atom
mass)
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, 12/25/24, 12:43 PM AQA Chemistry As Level Paper 1 2024 Comprehensive Questions And Verified Answers/ Complete Solutions With Rationale…
The energy required to remove one mole of
electrons from each of one mole of gaseous atoms
Ionisation energy
to form one mole of positive gaseous ions
(Endothermic)
Across a period, i.e increases as there is no increase
in shielding but an increase in atomic number
Trends of Ionisation
Decrease down a group due to increased shielding
Energy
reducing the electrostatic force of attraction from
the nucleus
Al - Between groups 2,3... first electron in p orbital
- increase in shielding
Drop at 2,3
- reduce forces of attraction
- less energy required to remove
P - between groups 4-5 there is a drop
- First electron pairing
Drop at 4,5
- increased repulsion
- less energy is required to remove an eleccte
Atoms with the same atomic number but a different
mass number
Isotopes
- do not react differently as same electron
configuration
-Atomic Radius
-Shielding
Factors Affecting I.E
-Effective Nuclear Charge
-Proton Number
Incomplete Reactions
Not 100% yield because... Unwanted side reactions
Products lost as gases
Water - hydrogen bonds continuously broken and
reformed
Ice - hydrogen bonds kept in a fixed position so are
Ice less dense than water
slightly longer
Increased distance causes ice to be less dense and
float
Measure of heat content of a substance under
Enthalpy
constant conditions
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