Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics
General Chemistry
REVIEWER
12 - EDT/SCP| S.Y. 24 - 25 1st SEMESTER | 2nd QUARTER | BY Yzhie & Angelo
GENERAL PHYSICS 1
Guided Outline
I. KINEMATICS: MOTION IN 2D AND 3D Uniform Circular Motion
The magnitude of acceleration of any given object that undergoes
II. NEWTON'S LAW OF MOTION AND uniform circular motion is mathematically expressed as follows:
APPLICATIONS
III. WORK, ENERGY, AND ENERGY
CONSERVATION
IV. CENTER OF MASS, MOMENTUM, IMPULSE,
AND COLLISIONS
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I. KINEMATICS: MOTION IN 2D AND 3D
Motion in 2D: Projectile Motion
Projectile motion happens when an object moves in a
curved path due to gravity, like a tennis ball or a cannonball in
the air. This path is called the trajectory. The highest point it
reaches is the peak, while the farthest distance it travels
horizontally is the range. Gravity is the only force affecting the
projectile's motion. Examples include sports balls, javelins, or even where arad is the magnitude of acceleration of an object in uniform
someone jumping out of a car. circular motion, v2 is the speed of the object, and R is the radius of
When an object is thrown at an angle, its motion has both the circular path taken by the object.
vertical (vy) and horizontal (vx) components. The horizontal speed
(vx) stays constant throughout the motion, while the vertical speed Another way to determine the magnitude of an object’s
(vy) changes due to gravity. On the way up, v y decreases until it acceleration in uniform circular motion is to take into consideration
reaches zero at the peak. After the peak, v y increases as the object the motion’s time T, or time for one revolution. This refers to the
moves down. duration of time with which an object has taken to accomplish an
Projectile motion has symmetry. Time symmetry means entire trip around the circular path, and is related to an object’s
the time to reach the peak equals the time to return to the same acceleration, as follows:
height. Speed symmetry means the object's speed going up matches
its speed coming down at the same height, though the directions of
the velocities are opposite.
In problems involving objects released at a certain angle,
the following general equations must be considered:
OTHER COMPONENTS (cuz you're very special to me <3 )
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Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics
General Chemistry
REVIEWER
12 - EDT/SCP| S.Y. 24 - 25 1st SEMESTER | 2nd QUARTER | BY Yzhie & Angelo
where arad is the magnitude of acceleration of an object in uniform
circular motion, R is the radius of the circular path, and T is the
period of motion.
Tangential Velocity
An object’s tangential speed depends on its radial
distance r from the axis, and is measured by:
Free Body Diagram
A free-body diagram is a drawing that shows all the
forces acting on an object. It uses arrows to represent the forces,
where the size of the arrow shows how strong the force is, and the
direction of the arrow shows where the force is pointing. Each
arrow is labeled to indicate the type of force it represents.
NEWTON’S FIRST LAW OF MOTION
Law of Inertia
States that an object will stay still if it’s not moving, or
OTHER COMPONENTS (meow) keep moving the same way if it already is, unless something else
forces it to change. This resistance to changing motion is called
inertia, which means “lazy” in Latin—it’s like the object doesn’t
want to do anything different.
An object moves with a velocity that is constant in
magnitude and direction, unless acted on by a nonzero net
(summation) force (unbalanced force)
where vt is the object’s tangential speed, r is the radial distance of
External forces - come from outside an object and happen because
the object from the axis, and ω is the object’s rotational speed. of its interaction with the environment.
II. NEWTON'S LAW OF MOTION AND Internal forces - come from inside the object and can’t change
APPLICATIONS how fast or in what direction the object moves.
Force Inertia
Force is a push or pull that happens when objects is an object's tendency to stay in its current motion,
interact. It causes objects to move or change their motion. Force whether at rest or moving. It resists any change to that motion.
has both size (magnitude) and direction, so it is a vector quantity.
Mass
The strength of force is measured in newtons (N).
measures how much an object resists changes to its
motion when a force is applied. It is a scalar quantity, measured in
Strong nuclear force kilograms (kg). Objects with greater mass have more inertia.
is the force that holds particles in the nucleus together,
preventing it from falling apart.
NEWTON’S SECOND LAW OF MOTION
Electromagnetic force
is the interaction between charged particles, responsible Law of Acceleration
for electricity, magnetism, and light. The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net
force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass.
Weak nuclear force IT CAN BE EXPRESSED IN THIS EQUATION
allows particles like protons and neutrons to change into
each other, important in radioactive decay.
OTHER TYPES OF FORCES
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