NSC Exam- Questions With All Correct Answers
· Function of carbs in body correct answer -Give energy and nutrients to
the body
· Glycemic response correct answer -o What happens to your glycemic
index when you ingest something
· How does your body manage blood glucose? correct answer -o a
carbohydrate that breaks down into a monosaccharide is to convert to glucose
in the liver
· Monosaccharides & disaccharides (names) correct answer -o
Disaccharides: Sucrose Maltose Lactose
o Monosaccharides: Fructose Glucose Galactose
· What are the polysaccharides correct answer -o Starch
o Glycogen
o fiber
· What differentiates starch from fiber correct answer -o Fiber is not
absorbed and lacks enzymes
· Soluble and insoluble fiber differentiate (foods and benefits) correct
answer -o Insoluble: Whole grains, Veggies, Outside of an apple
o Soluble: Oatmeal, Dissolves or swells in water, Citrus, bananas, apples,
beans, nuts, etc.
· Insulin and glucagon (effects of; when are they secreted) correct answer -
o Insulin: Hormones produced by the pancreas, Takes glucose out of the blood
into the cell
· Type 1 vs type 2 diabetes correct answer -o Type 1
§ Not as common 5-10% have it in those who have diabetes
§ Pancreas can no longer produce insulin
§ Caused by autoimmune disease
o Type 2
§ Most common 90-95% in those who have diabetes
, § Insulin resistance
§ Caused by diet, lack of exercise, and genetics
· What is gluten correct answer -o A certain protein found in wheat
· What causes Celiac disease correct answer -o Ingestion of gluten
o Nutrient deficiencies
· Normal fasting blood glucose levels correct answer -o Greater than or
equal to 126 mg/dl
· Probiotic v prebiotic and examples correct answer -o Prebiotic
§ Does not have bacteria in it
§ Foods that have fibers
o Probiotics
§ Has bacteria in it
§ Dairy products
· Where are carbohydrates absorbed and in what form correct answer -o
Absorbed in the small intestine; the fructose and galactose are converted to
glucose in the liver
· What causes lactose intolerance correct answer -deficiency of lactase
· HDL vs LDL correct answer -o HDL
§ high density lipoprotein
§ More protein
§ Removes cholesterol
o LDL
§ Low density lipoprotein
§ More cholesterol
· Saturated fat v. monounsaturated fats (MUFA) v. polyunsaturated fats
(PUFA)
o Molecular structure difference, foods in which they are found correct
answer -§ MUFA
· Monosaturated
· One double bond structure
§ PUFA
· Function of carbs in body correct answer -Give energy and nutrients to
the body
· Glycemic response correct answer -o What happens to your glycemic
index when you ingest something
· How does your body manage blood glucose? correct answer -o a
carbohydrate that breaks down into a monosaccharide is to convert to glucose
in the liver
· Monosaccharides & disaccharides (names) correct answer -o
Disaccharides: Sucrose Maltose Lactose
o Monosaccharides: Fructose Glucose Galactose
· What are the polysaccharides correct answer -o Starch
o Glycogen
o fiber
· What differentiates starch from fiber correct answer -o Fiber is not
absorbed and lacks enzymes
· Soluble and insoluble fiber differentiate (foods and benefits) correct
answer -o Insoluble: Whole grains, Veggies, Outside of an apple
o Soluble: Oatmeal, Dissolves or swells in water, Citrus, bananas, apples,
beans, nuts, etc.
· Insulin and glucagon (effects of; when are they secreted) correct answer -
o Insulin: Hormones produced by the pancreas, Takes glucose out of the blood
into the cell
· Type 1 vs type 2 diabetes correct answer -o Type 1
§ Not as common 5-10% have it in those who have diabetes
§ Pancreas can no longer produce insulin
§ Caused by autoimmune disease
o Type 2
§ Most common 90-95% in those who have diabetes
, § Insulin resistance
§ Caused by diet, lack of exercise, and genetics
· What is gluten correct answer -o A certain protein found in wheat
· What causes Celiac disease correct answer -o Ingestion of gluten
o Nutrient deficiencies
· Normal fasting blood glucose levels correct answer -o Greater than or
equal to 126 mg/dl
· Probiotic v prebiotic and examples correct answer -o Prebiotic
§ Does not have bacteria in it
§ Foods that have fibers
o Probiotics
§ Has bacteria in it
§ Dairy products
· Where are carbohydrates absorbed and in what form correct answer -o
Absorbed in the small intestine; the fructose and galactose are converted to
glucose in the liver
· What causes lactose intolerance correct answer -deficiency of lactase
· HDL vs LDL correct answer -o HDL
§ high density lipoprotein
§ More protein
§ Removes cholesterol
o LDL
§ Low density lipoprotein
§ More cholesterol
· Saturated fat v. monounsaturated fats (MUFA) v. polyunsaturated fats
(PUFA)
o Molecular structure difference, foods in which they are found correct
answer -§ MUFA
· Monosaturated
· One double bond structure
§ PUFA
