Summary of the chemistry of proteins and amino acids

Major Concepts A. To know what are proteins and their biomedical importance. B. To learn what are amino acids, their classification and properties. C. To learn the classification and properties of proteins. D. Learn the structure of protein. Specific Objective A. 1. Define protein. 2. Describe the biomedical importance of protein and learn composition of proteins. B. Basic monomeric unit of protein is amino acid. 1. What are amino acids? Learn the basic structure of amino acid. 2. Classify amino acids. 3. Learn the nonstandard amino acids. 4. Learn the occurrence of amino acids. 5. List essential amino acids, semiessential amino acids and non-essential amino acids and why they are called so. 6. Learn the general functions of amino acids. 7. Learn the physical and chemical properties of amino acids. C. 1. Classify proteins. • Based on size and shape, • Based on functions, • Based on solubility, structure and physical properties—Most commonly employed classification. According to this, proteins are classified as simple, conjugated and derived proteins. 2. • Learn the physical and chemical properties of proteins. • Learn precipitation reaction of proteins and its application. • Learn various colour reactions of protein due to specific amino acid. • Learn the peptide linkage in a protein molecule and learn few biologically important peptides. D. • Study the primary structure of protein. • Study the secondary structure of protein, linkages and types such as α-helix, β-pleated sheet structure, Triple helix, and Random coil. • Learn the tertiary structure, bonds involved in tertiary structure formation. • Learn the quaternary structure, bonds that make it and examples. • What is denaturation of protein? Learn various factors that cause denaturation, its application and the changes a protein molecule undergoes after denaturation. • Study the criteria of purity of protein.