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BioSci 93- Final Bio93 Key Terms Exam
Questions with Revised Correct
Detailed Answers with Rationales
Guaranteed Pass
Gene - ✔✔A segment of DNA on a chromosome that codes for a specific trait
Allele - ✔✔Different forms of a gene
Genotype - ✔✔genetic makeup of an organism
Phenotype - ✔✔An organism's physical appearance, or visible traits.
Homozygous - ✔✔An organism that has two identical alleles for a trait
Heterozygous - ✔✔An organism that has two different alleles for a trait
Homozygous recessive - ✔✔Both alleles (factors) for a trait are the same and recessive (aa)
Homozygous dominant - ✔✔Both alleles (factors) for a trait are the same and dominant (AA)
Gamete - ✔✔sex cell
Test Cross - ✔✔the crossing of an individual of unknown genotype with a homozygous recessive
individual to determine the unknown genotype
Parental Generation - ✔✔the adults used in the first experimental cross of a breeding experiment
Katelyn Whitman© 2025, All Rights Reserved.
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F1 Generation - ✔✔the first generation of offspring obtained from an experimental cross of two
organisms
F2 Generation - ✔✔offspring of the F1 generation
Dominant allele - ✔✔An allele whose trait always shows up in the organism when the allele is present.
recessive allele - ✔✔An allele that is masked when a dominant allele is present
law of segregation - ✔✔Mendel's law that states that the pairs of homologous chromosomes separate in
meiosis so that only one chromosome from each pair is present in each gamete
law of independent assortment - ✔✔the law that states that genes separate independently of one another
in meiosis
true breeding - ✔✔term used to describe organisms that produce offspring identical to themselves if
allowed to self-pollinate
multiplication rule - ✔✔To determine the probability, we multiply the probability of one event by the
probability of another.
addition rule - ✔✔Considering mutually exclusive events, the probability of both occurring is the sum of
the probabilities of each event.
monohybrid cross - ✔✔A cross between individuals that involves one pair of contrasting traits
dihybrid cross - ✔✔A cross between individuals that have different alleles for the same gene
Incomplete dominance - ✔✔Situation in which one allele is not completely dominant over another allele
Codominance - ✔✔A condition in which neither of two alleles of a gene is dominant or recessive.
Multiple Alleles - ✔✔three or more forms of a gene that code for a single trait
Katelyn Whitman© 2025, All Rights Reserved.
BioSci 93- Final Bio93 Key Terms Exam
Questions with Revised Correct
Detailed Answers with Rationales
Guaranteed Pass
Gene - ✔✔A segment of DNA on a chromosome that codes for a specific trait
Allele - ✔✔Different forms of a gene
Genotype - ✔✔genetic makeup of an organism
Phenotype - ✔✔An organism's physical appearance, or visible traits.
Homozygous - ✔✔An organism that has two identical alleles for a trait
Heterozygous - ✔✔An organism that has two different alleles for a trait
Homozygous recessive - ✔✔Both alleles (factors) for a trait are the same and recessive (aa)
Homozygous dominant - ✔✔Both alleles (factors) for a trait are the same and dominant (AA)
Gamete - ✔✔sex cell
Test Cross - ✔✔the crossing of an individual of unknown genotype with a homozygous recessive
individual to determine the unknown genotype
Parental Generation - ✔✔the adults used in the first experimental cross of a breeding experiment
Katelyn Whitman© 2025, All Rights Reserved.
, 2|Page
F1 Generation - ✔✔the first generation of offspring obtained from an experimental cross of two
organisms
F2 Generation - ✔✔offspring of the F1 generation
Dominant allele - ✔✔An allele whose trait always shows up in the organism when the allele is present.
recessive allele - ✔✔An allele that is masked when a dominant allele is present
law of segregation - ✔✔Mendel's law that states that the pairs of homologous chromosomes separate in
meiosis so that only one chromosome from each pair is present in each gamete
law of independent assortment - ✔✔the law that states that genes separate independently of one another
in meiosis
true breeding - ✔✔term used to describe organisms that produce offspring identical to themselves if
allowed to self-pollinate
multiplication rule - ✔✔To determine the probability, we multiply the probability of one event by the
probability of another.
addition rule - ✔✔Considering mutually exclusive events, the probability of both occurring is the sum of
the probabilities of each event.
monohybrid cross - ✔✔A cross between individuals that involves one pair of contrasting traits
dihybrid cross - ✔✔A cross between individuals that have different alleles for the same gene
Incomplete dominance - ✔✔Situation in which one allele is not completely dominant over another allele
Codominance - ✔✔A condition in which neither of two alleles of a gene is dominant or recessive.
Multiple Alleles - ✔✔three or more forms of a gene that code for a single trait
Katelyn Whitman© 2025, All Rights Reserved.
