1
MASSACHUSETTS PESTICIDE APPLICATOR CORE
EXAM LATEST ACTUAL EXAM ALL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES
RATED 100%
Chronic health effect - (answer)Problems that develop over a relatively long
period of time, following either one significant exposure that initiates a
problem, or following a series of small exposures which accumulate in some
manner and result in a development of a disease or disorder
acute toxicity - (answer)Poisoning from a single dose over a much shorter
duration of time
How soon do health effects occur from accrue toxicity? - (answer)Within 24
hours of exposure
Chronic health risk problems (major examples) - (answer)Mutagenicity,
oncogenicity, carcinogenicity, teratogenicity, neurotoxicity
Mutagenicity - (answer)Ability of a substance or agent to cause mutations to
genes or chromosomes
Changes from mutagenicity are... - (answer)Almost always harmful
, 2
Tests to detect mutagenicity - (answer)Varied. Tests on cells to tests on whole
animals
It's believed that chemicals that cause mutations are more likely to be ones
that can also cause... - (answer)Cancers
Why is mutation testing used as a first screen for new compounds? -
(answer)Faster and cheaper than animal lifetime testing
Oncogenicity - (answer)The ability of a chemical to cause abnormal growths or
tumors in tissues
Carcinogenicity - (answer)Ability of a substance or agent to cause malignant
tumors
How do they test chemicals for their ability to cause tumors -
(answer)Administering daily doses to animals for their entire lifetime and then
dissecting them to detect presence of tumors in the animals tissues
A rodent carcinogenicity study takes how long typically? - (answer)2-3 years
Pesticide companies are required to submit test data on oncogenicity from.... -
(answer)Several animal species
, 3
There are currently how many pesticide active ingredients considered known,
likely, or probable carcinogens - (answer)Over 70
MDAR - (answer)Massachusetts Department of Agricultural Resources
Act to protect children and families from harmful pesticides - (answer)Passed
in 2000. Pesticide products that contain carcinogens may not be used in or
around schools, daycares, or after school programs
Teratogenicity - (answer)Ability of a substance to cause abnormal growth or
deformity in developing fetuses (birth defects)
How is teratogenicity tested - (answer)Administering doses of chemical to
female test animals at various stages of pregnancies and observing number of
miscarriages and defective offspring verses what would normally be expected
Examples of animals used to test teratogenicity - (answer)Rodents, rabbits,
dogs, monkeys
Effects of chemicals are usually considered significant for teratogenicity if... -
(answer)They occur at doses not toxic by themselves to the mother
, 4
Testing for teratogenicity is standard part of pesticide registration although
___________ May exist for older chemicals - (answer)Data gaps
Neurotoxicity - (answer)Gradual damage to basic nerve structure. Does not
refer to reversible effects
Test animal for neurotoxicity - (answer)Chicken
Hepatoxicity - (answer)Damage to liver
Nephrotoxicity - (answer)damage to the kidneys
Immunotoxicity - (answer)Compromise immune system
Fetotoxicity - (answer)Direct toxic injury or death of fetus
Hemotoxic effects - (answer)Blood disorders
Cholinesterases - (answer)Enzymes found in humans, insects, and other
species that are necessary for normal function of the nervous system
MASSACHUSETTS PESTICIDE APPLICATOR CORE
EXAM LATEST ACTUAL EXAM ALL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES
RATED 100%
Chronic health effect - (answer)Problems that develop over a relatively long
period of time, following either one significant exposure that initiates a
problem, or following a series of small exposures which accumulate in some
manner and result in a development of a disease or disorder
acute toxicity - (answer)Poisoning from a single dose over a much shorter
duration of time
How soon do health effects occur from accrue toxicity? - (answer)Within 24
hours of exposure
Chronic health risk problems (major examples) - (answer)Mutagenicity,
oncogenicity, carcinogenicity, teratogenicity, neurotoxicity
Mutagenicity - (answer)Ability of a substance or agent to cause mutations to
genes or chromosomes
Changes from mutagenicity are... - (answer)Almost always harmful
, 2
Tests to detect mutagenicity - (answer)Varied. Tests on cells to tests on whole
animals
It's believed that chemicals that cause mutations are more likely to be ones
that can also cause... - (answer)Cancers
Why is mutation testing used as a first screen for new compounds? -
(answer)Faster and cheaper than animal lifetime testing
Oncogenicity - (answer)The ability of a chemical to cause abnormal growths or
tumors in tissues
Carcinogenicity - (answer)Ability of a substance or agent to cause malignant
tumors
How do they test chemicals for their ability to cause tumors -
(answer)Administering daily doses to animals for their entire lifetime and then
dissecting them to detect presence of tumors in the animals tissues
A rodent carcinogenicity study takes how long typically? - (answer)2-3 years
Pesticide companies are required to submit test data on oncogenicity from.... -
(answer)Several animal species
, 3
There are currently how many pesticide active ingredients considered known,
likely, or probable carcinogens - (answer)Over 70
MDAR - (answer)Massachusetts Department of Agricultural Resources
Act to protect children and families from harmful pesticides - (answer)Passed
in 2000. Pesticide products that contain carcinogens may not be used in or
around schools, daycares, or after school programs
Teratogenicity - (answer)Ability of a substance to cause abnormal growth or
deformity in developing fetuses (birth defects)
How is teratogenicity tested - (answer)Administering doses of chemical to
female test animals at various stages of pregnancies and observing number of
miscarriages and defective offspring verses what would normally be expected
Examples of animals used to test teratogenicity - (answer)Rodents, rabbits,
dogs, monkeys
Effects of chemicals are usually considered significant for teratogenicity if... -
(answer)They occur at doses not toxic by themselves to the mother
, 4
Testing for teratogenicity is standard part of pesticide registration although
___________ May exist for older chemicals - (answer)Data gaps
Neurotoxicity - (answer)Gradual damage to basic nerve structure. Does not
refer to reversible effects
Test animal for neurotoxicity - (answer)Chicken
Hepatoxicity - (answer)Damage to liver
Nephrotoxicity - (answer)damage to the kidneys
Immunotoxicity - (answer)Compromise immune system
Fetotoxicity - (answer)Direct toxic injury or death of fetus
Hemotoxic effects - (answer)Blood disorders
Cholinesterases - (answer)Enzymes found in humans, insects, and other
species that are necessary for normal function of the nervous system
