Revision Examination Tests
“Come all for this greatness”
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CAD1501 PACK ASSIGNMENT 4 2024 | OCTOBER 2025 - DISTINCTION
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Sigmund Freud
ans:> Who: Psychoanalytic Theory
Stages of Psychosexual Development
ans:> Oral Stage (birth-18 months)
Anal stage (18mns. - 3 yrs.)
Phallic stage (3-6)
Latency stage (6-puberty)
Genital stage (puberty onwards)
Freud's Personality components
ans:> id - pleasure principle
ego - reality principle
superego - moral aspect
Jean Piaget
ans:> Who: Stages of Cognitive Development
Stages of Cognitive development
ans:> 1. Sensori-motor stage
2. Pre- operational stage
3. Concrete-Operational stage
4. Formal Operational stage
Object Permanence
ans:> the ability of the child to know that an object exists even when out
of sight.
,Egocentrism
ans:> tendency of he child to see only gis point of view and assume that
everyone has the same view.
Centration
ans:> tendency of the child to only focus on one aspect of a thing or
event and exclude other aspects
Erik Erikson
ans:> Who: Psycho-Social Theory of Development
Lawrence Kohlberg
ans:> Who: Stages of Moral Development
Lev Vygotsky
ans:> Who: Socio-Cultural theory
Private Speech
ans:> a form of self talk that guides the child's thinking and action.
Zone of Actual Development
ans:> Alone, a child may perform at a certain level of competency.
More Knowledgeable Other
ans:> competent adult or a more advanced peer, the child can perform
at a higher level of competency.
Urie Bronfenbrenner
ans:> Ecological Theory
Teratology
ans:> the field that investigates the causes of congenital (birth) defects.
Teratogen
ans:> causes birth defects. from Greek word "tera" - monster.
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS)
ans:> a cluster of abnormalities that appears in the children of mothers
who drink alcohol heavily during pregnancy.
Cephalocaudal trend
ans:> the postnatal growth from conception to 5 months when the head
grows more than the body.
,Proximodistal trend
ans:> the pre-natal growth from 5 months to birth when the fetus grows
from the inside of the body outwards.
Myelination/Myelinization
ans:> process by which the axons are covered and insulated by layers of
fat cells, begins prenatally and continues after birth.
Sucking reflex
ans:> initiated when something touches the roof of an infant's mouth.
Rooting reflex
ans:> a reflex evident when when an infant's cheek is stroked.
Gripping reflex
ans:> babies grasp anything placed in their palm. (Palmar Grasp)?
Curling Reflex
ans:> reflex when inner sole of a baby's foot is stroked.
Startle/Moro reflex
ans:> reflex- infants will respond to sudden sounds and movements by
throwing their arms and legs out, and throwing their heads back.
Galant Reflex
ans:> reflex when an infant's middle or lower back is stroked next to the
spinal cord.
Tonic Neck Reflex
ans:> reflex demonstrated in infants who are placed on their abdomen.
Temperament
ans:> a word that captures the ways that people differ, even at birth, in
such things as their emotional reactions, activity level, attention span,
persistence, and ability to regulate their emotions.
Gross motor development
ans:> acquiring skills that involve the large muscles.
Locomotor skills
ans:> Gross motor skills that involve going from one place to another.
, Locomotor, non-locomotor, and manipulative skills
ans:> 3 Categories of Gross Motor Skills
Non-locomotor
ans:> gross motor skill where a child stays in place
Manipulative Skills
ans:> Gross motor skills that involve projecting, and receiving objects
Fine Motor Development
ans:> refers acquiring the ability to use smaller muscles in the arm,
hands, and fingers purposefully.
Viktor Lowenfeld
ans:> Who: Stages of drawing
Scribbling stage, Preschematic stage and schematic stage.
Conservation
ans:> the awareness that the basic property of an object/substance is
conserved even if its appearance is changed.
Fast Mapping
ans:> a process by which children absorb the meaning of a new word
after hearing it once or twice in conversation.
Scaffolding
ans:> the support or assistance that lets the child accomplish a task he
cannot accomplish independently.
"changing support over the course of a teaching session, with the more
skilled person adjusting guidance to fit the child's current performance
level."
Theory of Mind
ans:> individual's thoughts about how mental processes work.
Rehearsal and Organizing Information
ans:> are deliberate mental activities that can be employed to improve
the processing of information.
Judicious Permissiveness