Clinical Correlations Anatomy Exam 1
1. In what spinal region would you observe excessive thoracic kyphosis?: tho- racic
2. Excessive thoracic kyphosis is caused by the erosion of what part of the vertebrae? (anterior/posterior):
anterior
3. When someone appears to be hunchbacked, this is due to an abnormal curvature of the spine known
as:: excessive thoracic kyphosis
4. What underlying disease in geriatric patients is often a contributor to devel- oping excessive thoracic
kyphosis?: osteoporosis
5. In what spinal region would you observe excessive lumbar lordosis?: lum- bar
6. What is considered a cause of temporary excessive lumbar lordosis?: preg- nancy
7. What abnormal curvature of the spine may be caused by weakened trunk masculature?: excessive
lumbar lordosis
8. What is the term for the abnormal lateral curvature of the spine? (common in pubertal girls): scoliosis
9. What are some causes of scoliosis?: 1. asymmetric back muscle weakness
2. failure of 1/2 vertebrae to develop
3. difference in length of limbs
10.What condition of the lumbar spine may result in loss of sensation/motor control due to the closing of the
vertebral foramen? (resulting in compression of spinal nerve roots): lumbar spinal stenosis
11.Spina bifida occurs when the______________________arches of vertebrae fail to form on L5
and/or S1: neural
12.What are the two most common places in the spine for spina bifida to occur?: L5 and/or S1
13.The more severe form of spina bifida (when multiple neural arches fail to form) is known as:: spina bifida
cystica
14.Herniation of meninges is known as:: meningocele
15.Herniation of the spinal cord is known as:: meningomyelocele
16.The occurrence of meningomyelocele, may result in:: paralysis of limbs lack of bladder/bowel
control
17.A herniated disc is also known as the herniation of pulposus.-
: nucleus
18.When there is a herniation of nucleus pulposus, it may herniate into or through the fibrosus.:
annulus
19.95% of nucleus pulposus herniations occur between which 2 sets of spinal segments?: L4/L5
L5/S1
1/
5
, Clinical Correlations Anatomy Exam 1
20.A common cause of sciatica is the herniation of pulposus.: nu-
cleus
21.With a herniation of nucleus pulposus, it is most likely to be symptomatic when it occurs in what
direction?: posterolateral
22.The fracture of pars interarticularis is known as:: spondylolysis
23.Susceptibility to spondylolysis can be caused by bone development is- sues with fusing vertebral body
to arch.: neural
24.The displacement of a vertebral body with respect to the adjacent body is known as:: spondylolisthesis
25.Spondylolisthesis most commonly occurs in the lumbar spine, specifically between which two
vertebrae/segments?: L5/S1
26.Spondylolisthesis often causes numbness, tingling, and motor weakness due to the pressure put onto the
spinal nerves that make up the
equina.: cauda
27.Due to the strength of the deep fascial layers, inflammation, hemmhorage, or edema can increase
intracompartmental pressure. This can affect circu- lation and impact tissue function and viability. This is
known as
syndrome.: compartment
28.The treatment for compartment syndrome is to make an incision of the overlying fascia to release the
pressure. This treatment is known as:: fascioto- my
29.Tortuous and/or dilated veins of the lower limb (usually great saphenous and its branches) are known as
veins.: varicose
30.When a thrombus forms in a deep vein of the leg it is known as a:: deep vein thrombosis
31.What are the potential causes of DVTs?: loss of musculovenous pump from loose fascia
extra pressure (bedrest) inactivity
32.The most common type of embolism that results from a DVT is a
embolism: pulmonary
33. Moderate enlargement of superficial
lymph nodes may occur due to minor sepsis.: inguinal
34.Drastic enlargement of lymph nodes may indicate potential for metastasis of
uterine cancer in female patients.: inguinal
35.The decrease angle of inclination of femoral neck is known as:: coxa vara
36.The increased angle of inclination of femoral neck is known as:: coxa valga
37.Coxa vara results in passive hip .: abduction
2/
5
1. In what spinal region would you observe excessive thoracic kyphosis?: tho- racic
2. Excessive thoracic kyphosis is caused by the erosion of what part of the vertebrae? (anterior/posterior):
anterior
3. When someone appears to be hunchbacked, this is due to an abnormal curvature of the spine known
as:: excessive thoracic kyphosis
4. What underlying disease in geriatric patients is often a contributor to devel- oping excessive thoracic
kyphosis?: osteoporosis
5. In what spinal region would you observe excessive lumbar lordosis?: lum- bar
6. What is considered a cause of temporary excessive lumbar lordosis?: preg- nancy
7. What abnormal curvature of the spine may be caused by weakened trunk masculature?: excessive
lumbar lordosis
8. What is the term for the abnormal lateral curvature of the spine? (common in pubertal girls): scoliosis
9. What are some causes of scoliosis?: 1. asymmetric back muscle weakness
2. failure of 1/2 vertebrae to develop
3. difference in length of limbs
10.What condition of the lumbar spine may result in loss of sensation/motor control due to the closing of the
vertebral foramen? (resulting in compression of spinal nerve roots): lumbar spinal stenosis
11.Spina bifida occurs when the______________________arches of vertebrae fail to form on L5
and/or S1: neural
12.What are the two most common places in the spine for spina bifida to occur?: L5 and/or S1
13.The more severe form of spina bifida (when multiple neural arches fail to form) is known as:: spina bifida
cystica
14.Herniation of meninges is known as:: meningocele
15.Herniation of the spinal cord is known as:: meningomyelocele
16.The occurrence of meningomyelocele, may result in:: paralysis of limbs lack of bladder/bowel
control
17.A herniated disc is also known as the herniation of pulposus.-
: nucleus
18.When there is a herniation of nucleus pulposus, it may herniate into or through the fibrosus.:
annulus
19.95% of nucleus pulposus herniations occur between which 2 sets of spinal segments?: L4/L5
L5/S1
1/
5
, Clinical Correlations Anatomy Exam 1
20.A common cause of sciatica is the herniation of pulposus.: nu-
cleus
21.With a herniation of nucleus pulposus, it is most likely to be symptomatic when it occurs in what
direction?: posterolateral
22.The fracture of pars interarticularis is known as:: spondylolysis
23.Susceptibility to spondylolysis can be caused by bone development is- sues with fusing vertebral body
to arch.: neural
24.The displacement of a vertebral body with respect to the adjacent body is known as:: spondylolisthesis
25.Spondylolisthesis most commonly occurs in the lumbar spine, specifically between which two
vertebrae/segments?: L5/S1
26.Spondylolisthesis often causes numbness, tingling, and motor weakness due to the pressure put onto the
spinal nerves that make up the
equina.: cauda
27.Due to the strength of the deep fascial layers, inflammation, hemmhorage, or edema can increase
intracompartmental pressure. This can affect circu- lation and impact tissue function and viability. This is
known as
syndrome.: compartment
28.The treatment for compartment syndrome is to make an incision of the overlying fascia to release the
pressure. This treatment is known as:: fascioto- my
29.Tortuous and/or dilated veins of the lower limb (usually great saphenous and its branches) are known as
veins.: varicose
30.When a thrombus forms in a deep vein of the leg it is known as a:: deep vein thrombosis
31.What are the potential causes of DVTs?: loss of musculovenous pump from loose fascia
extra pressure (bedrest) inactivity
32.The most common type of embolism that results from a DVT is a
embolism: pulmonary
33. Moderate enlargement of superficial
lymph nodes may occur due to minor sepsis.: inguinal
34.Drastic enlargement of lymph nodes may indicate potential for metastasis of
uterine cancer in female patients.: inguinal
35.The decrease angle of inclination of femoral neck is known as:: coxa vara
36.The increased angle of inclination of femoral neck is known as:: coxa valga
37.Coxa vara results in passive hip .: abduction
2/
5
