Perio Final Review
1. Why are Classification Systems Important?: -Communicating clinical findings accurately to
other dental health care providers
-Formulating a diagnosis and devising an individualized treatment plan
-Predicting treatment outcomes (prognosis)
-Submitting information to dental insurance providers/carriers
2. What are the 3 main categories for Periodontal Diseases?: 1. Periodontal health, gingival
diseases, & conditions
2. Periodontitis
3. Other conditions affecting the Periodontium
3. What are the 4 subcategories of Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions?: 1. Peri-Implant Health
2. Peri-Implant Mucositis
3. Peri-Implantitis
4. Peri-Implant Soft and Hard Tissue Deficiencies
4. Define Periodontal Health: Periodontal health is defined as the absence of any clinical signs of
inflammation.
CHARACTERISTICS:
Absence of bleeding on probing
Absence of erythema
Absence of patient symptoms
Absence of attachment loss and bone loss
5. 2 Subdivisions of Gingival Diseases & Conditions: *Gingivitis: Dental Biofilm-Induced
*Gingival Diseases: Non-Dental Biofilm-Induced
6. Most common type of periodontal disease?: Gingivitis associated with dental plaque only
7. Intact Periodontium: *Little or no loss of periodontal tissue*
*No loss of connective tissue or alveolar bone*
8. Reduced Periodontium: *Pre-existing loss of periodontal tissue but is not cur- rently
undergoing loss of connective tissue/alveolar bone*
9. Differentiate between papillary gingivitis, marginal gingivitis, and diffuse gingivitis.: **Papillary
gingivitis: gingival inflammation that involves the interdental papilla**
**Marginal gingivitis: papillary gingivitis that extends to the adjacent gingival mar- gin**
1/
20
, Perio Final Review
Study online at
https://quizlet.com/_ffe7au
**Diffuse gingivitis: all three parts of the gingiva- papillary, marginal, and attached**
10.Define the term: Clinical Attachment Loss: An estimate of the extent that the tooth supporting
structures have been destroyed around a tooth.
Also known as: Attachment Loss
11.Characteristics of Periodontitis: SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS:
Swelling
Redness
Bright red or Purplish Pale
red to Magenta Pale pink
Gingival bleeding-spontaneous or upon probing Increased
crevicular fluid or suppuration (pus) Periodontal pockets
Alveolar bone loss Tooth
mobility
Moderate or heavy deposits of plaque biofilms and dental calculus Clinical
attachment loss
Localized or Generalized Usually
PAINLESS!
12.What is Staging?: Disease Severity & Complexity of Management
13.What is Grading?: Rate of Disease Progression & Modifiers (Smoking & HbA1C)
14.RECURRENT FORM:: Common for patients with poor self-care or who are noncompliant
with routine professional care
15.REFRACTORY FORM:: Patients who are monitored over time and exhibit con- tinued
attachment loss despite professional periodontal therapy, self-care, and following
recommended program of periodontal maintenance visits.
*Etiology of refractory is unknown*
Refractory is applied to cases of periodontitis that do not respond favorably to conventional
treatment
16.Necrotizing Periodontal Diseases:
3 TYPICAL CLINICAL FEATURES: 1. Tissue necrosis (Localized tissue death)
2. Spontaneous bleeding (or pronounced bleeding after the slightest stimulation)
2/
20
, Perio Final Review
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3. Pain
17.Necrotizing Periodontal Diseases: TYPES: Necrotizing gingivitis: tissue necrosis that is
limited to the gingival tissues
Necrotizing periodontitis: tissue necrosis of the gingival tissues combined with loss of
attachment and alveolar bone loss, painful, extremely rapid and destructive form of
periodontitis-loss of periodontal attachment within days
Necrotizing stomatitis: severe tissue necrosis that extends beyond the gingiva to other parts of
the oral cavity, such as the tongue, cheek, and palate. Bone denudation may occur through the
alveolar mucosa tissue *This is the most severe, yet rarest, form of necrotizing periodontal
diseases
18.Necrotizing Periodontal Diseases: RISK FACTORS: Risk Factors are those variables that
increase the likelihood of periodontitis developing in an individual.
Modifiable: measures can be taken to change them
Nonmodifiable: these factors cannot be changed
19.Necrotizing Periodontal Diseases:
LOCAL CONTRIBUTING FACTORS: Intraoral conditions or habits that increase an individual's
susceptibility to periodontal infection or that can damage the periodon- tium in specific sites
within the dentition.
- DO NOT INITIATE periodontal disease
-Contribute to the process already initiated by the bacterial biofilm
-May increase the risk of developing disease
-May increase the risk of developing more severe disease
20.EXAMPLES OF LOCAL CONTRIBUTING FACTORS:: Factors that increase plaque biofilm
retention
• Rough restoration
Factors that increase plaque biofilm pathogenicity
• Calculus
Factors that can inflict damage to the periodontium
• Occlusal trauma, high frenal attachment, traumatic TB
21.Necrotizing Periodontal Diseases: SYSTEMIC
RISK FACTORS: *Tobacco use
3/
20
1. Why are Classification Systems Important?: -Communicating clinical findings accurately to
other dental health care providers
-Formulating a diagnosis and devising an individualized treatment plan
-Predicting treatment outcomes (prognosis)
-Submitting information to dental insurance providers/carriers
2. What are the 3 main categories for Periodontal Diseases?: 1. Periodontal health, gingival
diseases, & conditions
2. Periodontitis
3. Other conditions affecting the Periodontium
3. What are the 4 subcategories of Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions?: 1. Peri-Implant Health
2. Peri-Implant Mucositis
3. Peri-Implantitis
4. Peri-Implant Soft and Hard Tissue Deficiencies
4. Define Periodontal Health: Periodontal health is defined as the absence of any clinical signs of
inflammation.
CHARACTERISTICS:
Absence of bleeding on probing
Absence of erythema
Absence of patient symptoms
Absence of attachment loss and bone loss
5. 2 Subdivisions of Gingival Diseases & Conditions: *Gingivitis: Dental Biofilm-Induced
*Gingival Diseases: Non-Dental Biofilm-Induced
6. Most common type of periodontal disease?: Gingivitis associated with dental plaque only
7. Intact Periodontium: *Little or no loss of periodontal tissue*
*No loss of connective tissue or alveolar bone*
8. Reduced Periodontium: *Pre-existing loss of periodontal tissue but is not cur- rently
undergoing loss of connective tissue/alveolar bone*
9. Differentiate between papillary gingivitis, marginal gingivitis, and diffuse gingivitis.: **Papillary
gingivitis: gingival inflammation that involves the interdental papilla**
**Marginal gingivitis: papillary gingivitis that extends to the adjacent gingival mar- gin**
1/
20
, Perio Final Review
Study online at
https://quizlet.com/_ffe7au
**Diffuse gingivitis: all three parts of the gingiva- papillary, marginal, and attached**
10.Define the term: Clinical Attachment Loss: An estimate of the extent that the tooth supporting
structures have been destroyed around a tooth.
Also known as: Attachment Loss
11.Characteristics of Periodontitis: SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS:
Swelling
Redness
Bright red or Purplish Pale
red to Magenta Pale pink
Gingival bleeding-spontaneous or upon probing Increased
crevicular fluid or suppuration (pus) Periodontal pockets
Alveolar bone loss Tooth
mobility
Moderate or heavy deposits of plaque biofilms and dental calculus Clinical
attachment loss
Localized or Generalized Usually
PAINLESS!
12.What is Staging?: Disease Severity & Complexity of Management
13.What is Grading?: Rate of Disease Progression & Modifiers (Smoking & HbA1C)
14.RECURRENT FORM:: Common for patients with poor self-care or who are noncompliant
with routine professional care
15.REFRACTORY FORM:: Patients who are monitored over time and exhibit con- tinued
attachment loss despite professional periodontal therapy, self-care, and following
recommended program of periodontal maintenance visits.
*Etiology of refractory is unknown*
Refractory is applied to cases of periodontitis that do not respond favorably to conventional
treatment
16.Necrotizing Periodontal Diseases:
3 TYPICAL CLINICAL FEATURES: 1. Tissue necrosis (Localized tissue death)
2. Spontaneous bleeding (or pronounced bleeding after the slightest stimulation)
2/
20
, Perio Final Review
Study online at
https://quizlet.com/_ffe7au
3. Pain
17.Necrotizing Periodontal Diseases: TYPES: Necrotizing gingivitis: tissue necrosis that is
limited to the gingival tissues
Necrotizing periodontitis: tissue necrosis of the gingival tissues combined with loss of
attachment and alveolar bone loss, painful, extremely rapid and destructive form of
periodontitis-loss of periodontal attachment within days
Necrotizing stomatitis: severe tissue necrosis that extends beyond the gingiva to other parts of
the oral cavity, such as the tongue, cheek, and palate. Bone denudation may occur through the
alveolar mucosa tissue *This is the most severe, yet rarest, form of necrotizing periodontal
diseases
18.Necrotizing Periodontal Diseases: RISK FACTORS: Risk Factors are those variables that
increase the likelihood of periodontitis developing in an individual.
Modifiable: measures can be taken to change them
Nonmodifiable: these factors cannot be changed
19.Necrotizing Periodontal Diseases:
LOCAL CONTRIBUTING FACTORS: Intraoral conditions or habits that increase an individual's
susceptibility to periodontal infection or that can damage the periodon- tium in specific sites
within the dentition.
- DO NOT INITIATE periodontal disease
-Contribute to the process already initiated by the bacterial biofilm
-May increase the risk of developing disease
-May increase the risk of developing more severe disease
20.EXAMPLES OF LOCAL CONTRIBUTING FACTORS:: Factors that increase plaque biofilm
retention
• Rough restoration
Factors that increase plaque biofilm pathogenicity
• Calculus
Factors that can inflict damage to the periodontium
• Occlusal trauma, high frenal attachment, traumatic TB
21.Necrotizing Periodontal Diseases: SYSTEMIC
RISK FACTORS: *Tobacco use
3/
20
