NTR 604 - MIDTERM EXAM: Parenteral
Nutrition/Acid-Base Balance And All
Correct Answers.
intravenous infusion of protein, carbohydrate, fat, vitamins and minerals - Answer parenteral nutrition
3 indications for parenteral nutrition - Answer failed trial of EN with post-pyloric placement
diminished function of intestinal tract
patient not expected to tolerate EN for 5-10 days
TPN is a ___ solution that must be delivered by a large diameter vein, usually the ____ - Answer
hyperosmolar, superior vena cava
how long can you use TPN? - Answer weeks, months, or years
TPN has a ___ glucose content - usually what concentration? - Answer high
15-25%
Peripheral parenteral nutrition uses the same components as TPN but in a ___ concentration
usually given through a ___ vein - Answer lower
peripheral
how long is PPN usually given for? - Answer short periods (<2 weeks)
,why is there a risk of phlebitis in PPN? - Answer high osmolarity of the solution given in the small size
of the peripheral vein
2 advantages of PPN - Answer access at bedside
less complications than TPN
2 disadvantages of PPN - Answer low concentration of nutrients so difficult to meet full nutritional
needs
high fluid volume
modified AA solutions have been developed for patients with ___, ___ failure or ___ - Answer hepatic,
renal, critical illness
what concentration AA do you typically use in PPN?
what about TPN?
and what about for fluid restricted patients? - Answer 5.5-8.5%
10%
15%
how many kcals/gram is provided by carbohydrates (dextrose) in PN? - Answer 3.4 kcal/g
when using a central line, which concentration of carbohydrates do you use? - Answer higher
concentration - >10%
, minimum carbohydrate requirements in PN - Answer 100-150 g/day
what amount of carbs should you provide to a hyperglycemic or highly stressed patient? - Answer 4-5
g/kg
energy yield of lipid for 10% solution =
energy yield of lipid for 20% solution = - Answer 1.1 kcal/ml
2 kcal/ml
how many calories does 1 g fat from 10% lipid yield?
what about 20%? - Answer 11 calories
10 calories
which % lipid should you use for PPN?
what about for a central line? - Answer 10%
20%
PN lipid is ___ meaning that it does not contribute to osmolarity of a solution - Answer isotonic
what percent of kcal in lipid do you need to provide to prevent essential fatty acid deficiency?
what % of kcal should you not exceed?
Nutrition/Acid-Base Balance And All
Correct Answers.
intravenous infusion of protein, carbohydrate, fat, vitamins and minerals - Answer parenteral nutrition
3 indications for parenteral nutrition - Answer failed trial of EN with post-pyloric placement
diminished function of intestinal tract
patient not expected to tolerate EN for 5-10 days
TPN is a ___ solution that must be delivered by a large diameter vein, usually the ____ - Answer
hyperosmolar, superior vena cava
how long can you use TPN? - Answer weeks, months, or years
TPN has a ___ glucose content - usually what concentration? - Answer high
15-25%
Peripheral parenteral nutrition uses the same components as TPN but in a ___ concentration
usually given through a ___ vein - Answer lower
peripheral
how long is PPN usually given for? - Answer short periods (<2 weeks)
,why is there a risk of phlebitis in PPN? - Answer high osmolarity of the solution given in the small size
of the peripheral vein
2 advantages of PPN - Answer access at bedside
less complications than TPN
2 disadvantages of PPN - Answer low concentration of nutrients so difficult to meet full nutritional
needs
high fluid volume
modified AA solutions have been developed for patients with ___, ___ failure or ___ - Answer hepatic,
renal, critical illness
what concentration AA do you typically use in PPN?
what about TPN?
and what about for fluid restricted patients? - Answer 5.5-8.5%
10%
15%
how many kcals/gram is provided by carbohydrates (dextrose) in PN? - Answer 3.4 kcal/g
when using a central line, which concentration of carbohydrates do you use? - Answer higher
concentration - >10%
, minimum carbohydrate requirements in PN - Answer 100-150 g/day
what amount of carbs should you provide to a hyperglycemic or highly stressed patient? - Answer 4-5
g/kg
energy yield of lipid for 10% solution =
energy yield of lipid for 20% solution = - Answer 1.1 kcal/ml
2 kcal/ml
how many calories does 1 g fat from 10% lipid yield?
what about 20%? - Answer 11 calories
10 calories
which % lipid should you use for PPN?
what about for a central line? - Answer 10%
20%
PN lipid is ___ meaning that it does not contribute to osmolarity of a solution - Answer isotonic
what percent of kcal in lipid do you need to provide to prevent essential fatty acid deficiency?
what % of kcal should you not exceed?
