Summary - Ch 13 NOTES – Meiosis

For a species to
survive,
it must REPRODUCE!

Ch 13 NOTES – Meiosis
Genetics Terminology:
Autosomes Sex chromosomes
Somatic cell Diploid
Gamete Haploid
Karyotype Zygote
Homologous chromosomes Synapsis
Meiosis Crossing over

,
,1) ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION:
● each new organism
gets a set of
chromosomes identical
to parents
● DNA from generation to
generation remains the
same
● therefore, no
differences or variations
occur in the offspring
(difficult to adapt!)

, 2) SEXUAL REPRODUCTION:
● fusion of nuclei from 2 special cells: GAMETES
(female gamete = egg; male gamete = sperm)

● with 2 parents, offspring receive half of their
chromosomes from the female parent and half
from the male parent.

● therefore, the offspring will
show new combinations of
characteristics