CCI ECHO BOARD REVIEW

AR WAVE FORM aortic regurg AS WAVE FORM aortic stenosis MS WAVE FORM mitral stenosis? MR WAVE FORM Mitral Regurg TR WAVE FORM Tricupsid regurg TS WAVE FORM Tricupsid Stenosis PS WAVE FORM Pulmonary stenosis PR WAVE FORM Pulmonary Regurg Which valve separates the greatest pressure difference? Mitral valve Which wall is closest to LV side of A4c #9 Anteriolateral Which wall is closest to LV side of A2c #4 Anterior wall Which artifact is this? Reverberation Which artifact is this? comet tail Which artifact is this? side lobe Which part of the TDI is the green dot s' which part of the TDI is the red arrow? e' which part of the TDI is the green arrow? a' Which aortic leaflet is the superior one in the parasternal long axis view? Right leaflet The coronary arteries come off of the Sinuses of Valsalva When does the coronary arteries fill? Early diastole To visualize the coronary sinus in the apical 4 chamber view, you should tilt the transducer? posterior What is the purpose of global longitudinal strain? quantify the change in shape or deformation of cardiac tissues (shortening and thickening) What are the vessels that branch off of the aortic arch, most proximal and distal? Innominate branch (proximal), left carotid (mid) and left subclavian (distal What cardiac pathology is associated with bicuspid aortic valves? Coartation of aorta Where do most aortic coarctations occur? Aortic isthmus On QRS complex Isovolumic contraction occurs when? After R wave On the QRS complex Isovolumic relaxation occurs when? After T wave The majority of ventricular filling occurs during? First third of diastole How would you determine if a patient has constrictive VS restrictive disease? MV inflow with respiration variation In constrictive pericarditis does the E wave increase or decrease with inspiration? Decrease The term akinesis refers to? The absence of movement The term dyskinesis refers to? Abnormal movement The term hypokenesis refers to? Decreased left ventricular range of motion What is used to increase hr in stress Atropine what happens with rapid accumulation of fluid in pericardial sac? Tamponade What cardiac pathology is associated with bicuspid aortic valves? Coarctation of the aorta Which window do you use to look for the secondary finding in bicuspid valves? Suprasternal arch; suprasternal notch Where do most aortic coarctations occur? aortic isthmus Which papillary muscle is shown near yellow box? Posterior medial Which papillary muscle is shown near green box? Anteriolateral