Latest Updated Examination Study Guide
2023
Test Bank Pathophysiology, Concepts of b
b
Human Disease by Matthew Sorenson
Pathophysiology: Concepts of Human Disease (Sorenson) b b b b b b
Chapter 1 Introduction to the Basics of Pathophysiology
b b b b b b b b
b
1) Which pathophysiological concept should the nurse consider when developing a plan
b b b b b b b b b b b
of care for a patient with myocardial ischemia?
b b b b b b b b b
b
A) There is a decrease in the amount of oxygen and glucose reaching the myocardium.
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
b
B) There is a lack of oxygen reaching the myocardium, but the supply of glucose is adeq
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
uate. b
b
C) There is a lack of glucose reaching the myocardium, but the supply of oxygen is adeq
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
uate. b
b
D) There is a complete lack of both oxygen and glucose reaching the myocardium.
b b b b b b b b b b b b b
b
Answer: A b b
Explanation: A) A decrease in blood flow to the myocardium means that there is a decr
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
ease in the amount of oxygen and glucose to the heart muscle. A related term is hypoxia
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
, which refers to a lack of oxygen to tissue. This can occur from disruptions of the respir
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
atory system. b b
b
B) A decrease in blood flow to the myocardium means that there is a decrease in the
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
amount of oxygen and glucose to the heart muscle. A related term is hypoxia, which re
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
fers to a lack of oxygen to tissue. This can occur from disruptions of the respiratory sys
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
tem. b
b
C) A decrease in blood flow to the myocardium means that there is a decrease in the
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
amount of oxygen and glucose to the heart muscle. A related term is hypoxia, which re
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
fers to a lack of oxygen to tissue. This can occur from disruptions of the respiratory sys
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
tem. b
b
D) A decrease in blood flow to the myocardium means that there is a decrease in the
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
amount of oxygen and glucose to the heart muscle. A related term is hypoxia, which re
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
fers to a lack of oxygen to tissue. This can occur from disruptions of the respiratory sys
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
tem. b
b
, Latest Updated Examination Study Guide
2023
Test Bank Pathophysiology, Concepts of
Human Disease by Matthew Sorenson
Page Ref: 7 b b b
b
Cognitive Level: Applying b b b
b
Client Need & Sub: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
b b b b b b b b
b
Standards: Nursing Process: Planning | Learning Outcome: 1.1 Define the conceptual b
b b b b b b b b b b b
asis for and the language used in the study of pathophysiology. | QSEN Competencies: I
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
II.A.1. Demonstrate knowledge of basic scientific methods and processes | AACN Esse
b b b b b b b b b b b
ntial Competencies: IX.8. Implement evidence-
b b b b
based nursing interventions as appropriate for managing the acute and chronic care of p
b b b b b b b b b b b b b
atients and promoting health across the lifespan
b b b b b b b
b
NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Relationships between knowledge/scien
b b b b b b b
ce and quality and safe patient care
b b b b b b b
b
MNL Learning Outcome: LO 1: Recognize the conceptual basis for and the language us
b b b b b b b b b b b b b
ed in the study of pathophysiology.
b b b b b b
b
b
b
2) The nurse is assessing a patient's risk factors for disease at an annual physical examin
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
ation. Which question would the nurse ask to assess lifestyle risk factors?
b b b b b b b b b b b b
b
A) "Does your neighborhood have parks and sidewalks?"
b b b b b b b
b
B) "Tell me about the health of your parents."
b b b b b b b b
b
C) "What is the highest level of education that you completed?"
b b b b b b b b b b
b
D) "How would you describe your diet?"b b b b b b
Answer: D b b
Explanation: A) Risk factors emerge from a number of sources. One is the genetic bluep
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
rint provided to each of us at birth, and another is lifestyle factors. Lifestyle factors refle
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
ct decisions about diet, exercise, smoking, and other variables that influence health. Soc
b b b b b b b b b b b b
ial determinants of health are factors related to where one lives, educational level, inco
b b b b b b b b b b b b b
me, availability of fresh food, public transportation, and a number of other consideratio
b b b b b b b b b b b b
ns that can affect health.
b b b b b
b
, Latest Updated Examination Study Guide
2023
Test Bank Pathophysiology, Concepts of
Human Disease by Matthew Sorenson
B) Risk factors emerge from a number of sources. One is the genetic blueprint provid
b b b b b b b b b b b b b
ed to each of us at birth, and another is lifestyle factors. Lifestyle factors reflect decision
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
s about diet, exercise, smoking, and other variables that influence health. Social determi
b b b b b b b b b b b b
nants of health are factors related to where one lives, educational level, income, availabi
b b b b b b b b b b b b b
lity of fresh food, public transportation, and a number of other considerations that can af
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
fect health.
b b
b
C) Risk factors emerge from a number of sources. One is the genetic blueprint provid
b b b b b b b b b b b b b
ed to each of us at birth, and another is lifestyle factors. Lifestyle factors reflect decision
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
s about diet, exercise, smoking, and other variables that influence health. Social determi
b b b b b b b b b b b b
nants of health are factors related to where one lives, educational level, income, availabi
b b b b b b b b b b b b b
lity of fresh food, public transportation, and a number of other considerations that can af
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
fect health.
b b
b
D) Risk factors emerge from a number of sources. One is the genetic blueprint provid
b b b b b b b b b b b b b
ed to each of us at birth, and another is lifestyle factors. Lifestyle factors reflect decision
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
s about diet, exercise, smoking, and other variables that influence health. Social determi
b b b b b b b b b b b b
nants of health are factors related to where one lives, educational level,
b b b b b b b b b b b b
, Latest Updated Examination Study Guide
2023
Test Bank Pathophysiology, Concepts of
Human Disease by Matthew Sorenson
income, availability of fresh food, public transportation, and a number of other consider
b b b b b b b b b b b b
ations that can affect health.
b b b b b
b
Page Ref: 9 b b b
b
Cognitive Level: Applying b b b
b
Client Need & Sub: Health Promotion and Maintenance
b b b b b b b b
b
Standards: Nursing Process: Assessment | Learning Outcome: 1.2 Describe characterist
b b b b b b b b b
ics of and risk factors associated with health and illness. | QSEN Competencies: I.B.10
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
Engage patients or designated surrogates in active partnerships that promote health, saf
b b b b b b b b b b b
ety and well-being, and self-
b b b b
care management | AACN Essential Competencies: IX. 1. 1. Conduct comprehensive a
b b b b b b b b b b b
nd focused physical, behavioral, psychological, spiritual, socioeconomic, and environm
b b b b b b b b
ental assessments of health and illness parameters in patients, using developmentally an
b b b b b b b b b b b
d culturally appropriate approaches
b b b b
b
NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Relationships between knowledge/scien
b b b b b b b
ce and quality and safe patient care
b b b b b b b
b
MNL Learning Outcome: LO 2: Consider the characteristics of and risk factors associat
b b b b b b b b b b b b
ed with health and illness.
b b b b b
b
b
b
3) The occupational health nurse is assessing a manufacturing plant for chemical agents
b b b b b b b b b b b b b
that may cause disease in the employees. The nurse should be alert for:
b b b b b b b b b b b b b
b
A) stress levels. b b
b
B) helminths. b
b
C) radiation. b
b
D) lead. b
b
Answer: D b b
b
Explanation: A) Endogenous disease etiologies arise from within the body. Examples
b b b b b b b b b b b
are abnormal immune reactions, gene mutations, coagulation defects, stress, and meta
b b b b b b b b b b
bolic abnormalities.
b b
2023
Test Bank Pathophysiology, Concepts of b
b
Human Disease by Matthew Sorenson
Pathophysiology: Concepts of Human Disease (Sorenson) b b b b b b
Chapter 1 Introduction to the Basics of Pathophysiology
b b b b b b b b
b
1) Which pathophysiological concept should the nurse consider when developing a plan
b b b b b b b b b b b
of care for a patient with myocardial ischemia?
b b b b b b b b b
b
A) There is a decrease in the amount of oxygen and glucose reaching the myocardium.
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
b
B) There is a lack of oxygen reaching the myocardium, but the supply of glucose is adeq
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
uate. b
b
C) There is a lack of glucose reaching the myocardium, but the supply of oxygen is adeq
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
uate. b
b
D) There is a complete lack of both oxygen and glucose reaching the myocardium.
b b b b b b b b b b b b b
b
Answer: A b b
Explanation: A) A decrease in blood flow to the myocardium means that there is a decr
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
ease in the amount of oxygen and glucose to the heart muscle. A related term is hypoxia
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
, which refers to a lack of oxygen to tissue. This can occur from disruptions of the respir
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
atory system. b b
b
B) A decrease in blood flow to the myocardium means that there is a decrease in the
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
amount of oxygen and glucose to the heart muscle. A related term is hypoxia, which re
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
fers to a lack of oxygen to tissue. This can occur from disruptions of the respiratory sys
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
tem. b
b
C) A decrease in blood flow to the myocardium means that there is a decrease in the
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
amount of oxygen and glucose to the heart muscle. A related term is hypoxia, which re
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
fers to a lack of oxygen to tissue. This can occur from disruptions of the respiratory sys
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
tem. b
b
D) A decrease in blood flow to the myocardium means that there is a decrease in the
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
amount of oxygen and glucose to the heart muscle. A related term is hypoxia, which re
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
fers to a lack of oxygen to tissue. This can occur from disruptions of the respiratory sys
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
tem. b
b
, Latest Updated Examination Study Guide
2023
Test Bank Pathophysiology, Concepts of
Human Disease by Matthew Sorenson
Page Ref: 7 b b b
b
Cognitive Level: Applying b b b
b
Client Need & Sub: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
b b b b b b b b
b
Standards: Nursing Process: Planning | Learning Outcome: 1.1 Define the conceptual b
b b b b b b b b b b b
asis for and the language used in the study of pathophysiology. | QSEN Competencies: I
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
II.A.1. Demonstrate knowledge of basic scientific methods and processes | AACN Esse
b b b b b b b b b b b
ntial Competencies: IX.8. Implement evidence-
b b b b
based nursing interventions as appropriate for managing the acute and chronic care of p
b b b b b b b b b b b b b
atients and promoting health across the lifespan
b b b b b b b
b
NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Relationships between knowledge/scien
b b b b b b b
ce and quality and safe patient care
b b b b b b b
b
MNL Learning Outcome: LO 1: Recognize the conceptual basis for and the language us
b b b b b b b b b b b b b
ed in the study of pathophysiology.
b b b b b b
b
b
b
2) The nurse is assessing a patient's risk factors for disease at an annual physical examin
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
ation. Which question would the nurse ask to assess lifestyle risk factors?
b b b b b b b b b b b b
b
A) "Does your neighborhood have parks and sidewalks?"
b b b b b b b
b
B) "Tell me about the health of your parents."
b b b b b b b b
b
C) "What is the highest level of education that you completed?"
b b b b b b b b b b
b
D) "How would you describe your diet?"b b b b b b
Answer: D b b
Explanation: A) Risk factors emerge from a number of sources. One is the genetic bluep
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
rint provided to each of us at birth, and another is lifestyle factors. Lifestyle factors refle
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
ct decisions about diet, exercise, smoking, and other variables that influence health. Soc
b b b b b b b b b b b b
ial determinants of health are factors related to where one lives, educational level, inco
b b b b b b b b b b b b b
me, availability of fresh food, public transportation, and a number of other consideratio
b b b b b b b b b b b b
ns that can affect health.
b b b b b
b
, Latest Updated Examination Study Guide
2023
Test Bank Pathophysiology, Concepts of
Human Disease by Matthew Sorenson
B) Risk factors emerge from a number of sources. One is the genetic blueprint provid
b b b b b b b b b b b b b
ed to each of us at birth, and another is lifestyle factors. Lifestyle factors reflect decision
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
s about diet, exercise, smoking, and other variables that influence health. Social determi
b b b b b b b b b b b b
nants of health are factors related to where one lives, educational level, income, availabi
b b b b b b b b b b b b b
lity of fresh food, public transportation, and a number of other considerations that can af
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
fect health.
b b
b
C) Risk factors emerge from a number of sources. One is the genetic blueprint provid
b b b b b b b b b b b b b
ed to each of us at birth, and another is lifestyle factors. Lifestyle factors reflect decision
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
s about diet, exercise, smoking, and other variables that influence health. Social determi
b b b b b b b b b b b b
nants of health are factors related to where one lives, educational level, income, availabi
b b b b b b b b b b b b b
lity of fresh food, public transportation, and a number of other considerations that can af
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
fect health.
b b
b
D) Risk factors emerge from a number of sources. One is the genetic blueprint provid
b b b b b b b b b b b b b
ed to each of us at birth, and another is lifestyle factors. Lifestyle factors reflect decision
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
s about diet, exercise, smoking, and other variables that influence health. Social determi
b b b b b b b b b b b b
nants of health are factors related to where one lives, educational level,
b b b b b b b b b b b b
, Latest Updated Examination Study Guide
2023
Test Bank Pathophysiology, Concepts of
Human Disease by Matthew Sorenson
income, availability of fresh food, public transportation, and a number of other consider
b b b b b b b b b b b b
ations that can affect health.
b b b b b
b
Page Ref: 9 b b b
b
Cognitive Level: Applying b b b
b
Client Need & Sub: Health Promotion and Maintenance
b b b b b b b b
b
Standards: Nursing Process: Assessment | Learning Outcome: 1.2 Describe characterist
b b b b b b b b b
ics of and risk factors associated with health and illness. | QSEN Competencies: I.B.10
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
Engage patients or designated surrogates in active partnerships that promote health, saf
b b b b b b b b b b b
ety and well-being, and self-
b b b b
care management | AACN Essential Competencies: IX. 1. 1. Conduct comprehensive a
b b b b b b b b b b b
nd focused physical, behavioral, psychological, spiritual, socioeconomic, and environm
b b b b b b b b
ental assessments of health and illness parameters in patients, using developmentally an
b b b b b b b b b b b
d culturally appropriate approaches
b b b b
b
NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Relationships between knowledge/scien
b b b b b b b
ce and quality and safe patient care
b b b b b b b
b
MNL Learning Outcome: LO 2: Consider the characteristics of and risk factors associat
b b b b b b b b b b b b
ed with health and illness.
b b b b b
b
b
b
3) The occupational health nurse is assessing a manufacturing plant for chemical agents
b b b b b b b b b b b b b
that may cause disease in the employees. The nurse should be alert for:
b b b b b b b b b b b b b
b
A) stress levels. b b
b
B) helminths. b
b
C) radiation. b
b
D) lead. b
b
Answer: D b b
b
Explanation: A) Endogenous disease etiologies arise from within the body. Examples
b b b b b b b b b b b
are abnormal immune reactions, gene mutations, coagulation defects, stress, and meta
b b b b b b b b b b
bolic abnormalities.
b b
