PN ATI PHARMACOLOGY PROCTORED EXAM 2024 -2025
TEST BANK /ATI PN PHARMACOLOGY PROCTORED/
COMPLETE 350 ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS)
GRADED A+
The nurse is reviewing the results of serum laboratory studies drawn on a client
with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome who is receiving diagnosing (Videx).
The nurse interprets that the client may have the medication discontinued by the
health care provider if which of the following significantly elevated results is
noted?
1. Serum protein
2. Blood glucose
3. Serum amylase
4. Serum creatinine - Correct Answer - 3. Serum amylase
Rationale:
Diagnosing (Videx) can cause pancreatitis. A serum amylase level that is increased 1.5
to 2 times normal may signify pancreatitis in the client with acquired immunodeficiency
syndrome and is potentially fatal. The medication may have to be discontinued. The
medication is also hepatotoxic and can result in liver failure.
The nurse is caring for a postrenal transplant client taking cyclosporine (Sand
immune, Wengraf, Neural). The nurse notes an increase in one of the client's vital
signs, and the client is complaining of a headache. What is the vital sign that is
most likely increased?
1. Pulse
2. Respirations
3. Blood pressure
4. Pulse oximetry - Correct Answer - 3. Blood pressure
pg. 1
,Rationale:
Hypertension can occur in a client taking cyclosporine (Sand immune, Wengraf, Neural),
and because this client is also complaining of a headache, the blood pressure is the
vital sign to be monitoring most closely. Other adverse effects include infection,
nephrotoxicity, and hirsutism. Options 1, 2, and 4 are unrelated to the use of this
medication.
A client is taking Humulin NPH insulin daily every morning. The nurse reinforces
instructions for the client and tells the client that the most likely time for a
hypoglycemic reaction to occur is:
1. 2 to 4 hours after administration
2. 4 to 12 hours after administration
3. 16 to 18 hours after administration
4. 18 to 24 hours after administration - Correct Answer - 2. 4 to 12 hours after
administration
Rationale:
Humulin NPH is an intermediate-acting insulin. The onset of action is 1.5 hours, it peaks
in 4 to 12 hours, and its duration of action is 24 hours. Hypoglycemic reactions most
likely occur during peak time.
A client with diabetes mellitus visits a health care clinic. The client's diabetes
mellitus previously had been well controlled with glyburide (DiaBeta) daily, but
recently the fasting blood glucose level has been 180 to 200 mg/dL. Which
medication, if added to the client's regimen, may have contributed to the
hyperglycemia?
1. Prednisone
2. Phenelzine (Nardil)
3. Atenolol (Tenormin)
4. Allopurinol (Zyloprim) - Correct Answer - 1. Prednisone
Rationale:
Prednisone may decrease the effect of oral hypoglycemics, insulin, diuretics, and
potassium supplements. Option 2, a monoamine oxidase inhibitor, and option 3, a
pg. 2
,βblocker, have their own intrinsic hypoglycemic activity. Option 4 decreases urinary
excretion of sulfonylurea agents, causing increased levels of the oral agents, which can
lead to hypoglycemia.
Amikacin (Aikin) is prescribed for a client with a bacterial infection. The client is
instructed to contact the health care provider (HCP) immediately if which of the
following occurs?
1. Nausea
2. Lethargy
3. Hearing loss
4. Muscle aches - Correct Answer - 3. Hearing loss
Rationale:
Amikacin (Aikin) is an aminoglycoside. Adverse effects of aminoglycosides include
ototoxicity (hearing problems), confusion, disorientation, gastrointestinal irritation,
palpitations, blood pressure changes, nephrotoxicity, and hypersensitivity. The nurse
instructs the client to report hearing loss to the HCP immediately. Lethargy and muscle
aches are not associated with the use of this medication. It is not necessary to contact
the HCP immediately if nausea occurs. If nausea persists or results in vomiting, the
HCP should be notified.
**(most aminoglycoside medication names end in the letters -can) **
The nurse is assigned to care for a client with cytomegalovirus retinitis and
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome who is receiving foscarnet. The nurse
should check the latest results of which of the following laboratory studies while
the client is taking this medication?
1. CD4 cell count
2. Serum albumin
3. Serum creatinine
4. Lymphocyte count - Correct Answer - 3. Serum creatinine
Rationale:
pg. 3
, Foscarnet is toxic to the kidneys. Serum creatinine is monitored before therapy, two to
three times per week during induction therapy, and at least weekly during maintenance
therapy. Foscarnet may also cause decreased levels of calcium, magnesium,
phosphorus, and potassium. Thus, these levels are also measured with the same
frequency.
The client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and Pneumocystis jives
infection has been receiving pentamidine isethionate (Penta 300). The client
develops a temperature of 101° F. The nurse does further monitoring of the client,
knowing that this sign would most likely indicate:
1. The dose of the medication is too low.
2. The client is experiencing toxic effects of the medication.
3. The client has developed inadequacy of thermoregulation.
4. The result of another infection caused by leukopenia effects of the medication. -
Correct Answer - 4. The result of another infection caused by leukopenia effects of
the medication.
Rationale:
Frequent side effects of this medication include leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and
anemia. The client should be monitored routinely for signs and symptoms of infection.
Options 1, 2, and 3 are inaccurate interpretations.
Saquinavir (Invirase) is prescribed for the client who is human immunodeficiency
virus seropositive. The nurse reinforces medication instructions and tells the
client to:
1. Avoid sun exposure.
2. Eat low-calorie foods.
3. Eat foods that are low in fat.
4. Take the medication on an empty stomach. - Correct Answer - 1. Avoid sun exposure.
Rationale:
Saquinavir (Invirase) is an antiretroviral (protease inhibitor) used with other antiretroviral
medications to manage human immunodeficiency virus infection. Saquinavir is
administered with meals and is best absorbed if the client consumes high-calorie,
pg. 4
TEST BANK /ATI PN PHARMACOLOGY PROCTORED/
COMPLETE 350 ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS)
GRADED A+
The nurse is reviewing the results of serum laboratory studies drawn on a client
with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome who is receiving diagnosing (Videx).
The nurse interprets that the client may have the medication discontinued by the
health care provider if which of the following significantly elevated results is
noted?
1. Serum protein
2. Blood glucose
3. Serum amylase
4. Serum creatinine - Correct Answer - 3. Serum amylase
Rationale:
Diagnosing (Videx) can cause pancreatitis. A serum amylase level that is increased 1.5
to 2 times normal may signify pancreatitis in the client with acquired immunodeficiency
syndrome and is potentially fatal. The medication may have to be discontinued. The
medication is also hepatotoxic and can result in liver failure.
The nurse is caring for a postrenal transplant client taking cyclosporine (Sand
immune, Wengraf, Neural). The nurse notes an increase in one of the client's vital
signs, and the client is complaining of a headache. What is the vital sign that is
most likely increased?
1. Pulse
2. Respirations
3. Blood pressure
4. Pulse oximetry - Correct Answer - 3. Blood pressure
pg. 1
,Rationale:
Hypertension can occur in a client taking cyclosporine (Sand immune, Wengraf, Neural),
and because this client is also complaining of a headache, the blood pressure is the
vital sign to be monitoring most closely. Other adverse effects include infection,
nephrotoxicity, and hirsutism. Options 1, 2, and 4 are unrelated to the use of this
medication.
A client is taking Humulin NPH insulin daily every morning. The nurse reinforces
instructions for the client and tells the client that the most likely time for a
hypoglycemic reaction to occur is:
1. 2 to 4 hours after administration
2. 4 to 12 hours after administration
3. 16 to 18 hours after administration
4. 18 to 24 hours after administration - Correct Answer - 2. 4 to 12 hours after
administration
Rationale:
Humulin NPH is an intermediate-acting insulin. The onset of action is 1.5 hours, it peaks
in 4 to 12 hours, and its duration of action is 24 hours. Hypoglycemic reactions most
likely occur during peak time.
A client with diabetes mellitus visits a health care clinic. The client's diabetes
mellitus previously had been well controlled with glyburide (DiaBeta) daily, but
recently the fasting blood glucose level has been 180 to 200 mg/dL. Which
medication, if added to the client's regimen, may have contributed to the
hyperglycemia?
1. Prednisone
2. Phenelzine (Nardil)
3. Atenolol (Tenormin)
4. Allopurinol (Zyloprim) - Correct Answer - 1. Prednisone
Rationale:
Prednisone may decrease the effect of oral hypoglycemics, insulin, diuretics, and
potassium supplements. Option 2, a monoamine oxidase inhibitor, and option 3, a
pg. 2
,βblocker, have their own intrinsic hypoglycemic activity. Option 4 decreases urinary
excretion of sulfonylurea agents, causing increased levels of the oral agents, which can
lead to hypoglycemia.
Amikacin (Aikin) is prescribed for a client with a bacterial infection. The client is
instructed to contact the health care provider (HCP) immediately if which of the
following occurs?
1. Nausea
2. Lethargy
3. Hearing loss
4. Muscle aches - Correct Answer - 3. Hearing loss
Rationale:
Amikacin (Aikin) is an aminoglycoside. Adverse effects of aminoglycosides include
ototoxicity (hearing problems), confusion, disorientation, gastrointestinal irritation,
palpitations, blood pressure changes, nephrotoxicity, and hypersensitivity. The nurse
instructs the client to report hearing loss to the HCP immediately. Lethargy and muscle
aches are not associated with the use of this medication. It is not necessary to contact
the HCP immediately if nausea occurs. If nausea persists or results in vomiting, the
HCP should be notified.
**(most aminoglycoside medication names end in the letters -can) **
The nurse is assigned to care for a client with cytomegalovirus retinitis and
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome who is receiving foscarnet. The nurse
should check the latest results of which of the following laboratory studies while
the client is taking this medication?
1. CD4 cell count
2. Serum albumin
3. Serum creatinine
4. Lymphocyte count - Correct Answer - 3. Serum creatinine
Rationale:
pg. 3
, Foscarnet is toxic to the kidneys. Serum creatinine is monitored before therapy, two to
three times per week during induction therapy, and at least weekly during maintenance
therapy. Foscarnet may also cause decreased levels of calcium, magnesium,
phosphorus, and potassium. Thus, these levels are also measured with the same
frequency.
The client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and Pneumocystis jives
infection has been receiving pentamidine isethionate (Penta 300). The client
develops a temperature of 101° F. The nurse does further monitoring of the client,
knowing that this sign would most likely indicate:
1. The dose of the medication is too low.
2. The client is experiencing toxic effects of the medication.
3. The client has developed inadequacy of thermoregulation.
4. The result of another infection caused by leukopenia effects of the medication. -
Correct Answer - 4. The result of another infection caused by leukopenia effects of
the medication.
Rationale:
Frequent side effects of this medication include leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and
anemia. The client should be monitored routinely for signs and symptoms of infection.
Options 1, 2, and 3 are inaccurate interpretations.
Saquinavir (Invirase) is prescribed for the client who is human immunodeficiency
virus seropositive. The nurse reinforces medication instructions and tells the
client to:
1. Avoid sun exposure.
2. Eat low-calorie foods.
3. Eat foods that are low in fat.
4. Take the medication on an empty stomach. - Correct Answer - 1. Avoid sun exposure.
Rationale:
Saquinavir (Invirase) is an antiretroviral (protease inhibitor) used with other antiretroviral
medications to manage human immunodeficiency virus infection. Saquinavir is
administered with meals and is best absorbed if the client consumes high-calorie,
pg. 4
