, Primary Care
1. What are the four principles of primary care and how do they apply to clinical nursing practice? (10
marks)
Answer: The four principles of primary care are accessibility, comprehensiveness, coordination and
continuity. Accessibility means that primary care services are available and affordable to all people
regardless of their location, income or health status. Comprehensiveness means that primary care
covers a wide range of health needs, from prevention and promotion to treatment and rehabilitation.
Coordination means that primary care facilitates the integration and collaboration of different health
providers and sectors to ensure continuity and quality of care. Continuity means that primary care
establishes a long-term relationship between patients and providers, based on trust, respect and mutual
understanding.
2. What are some of the roles and responsibilities of a clinical nurse in primary care settings? (10 marks)
Answer: Some of the roles and responsibilities of a clinical nurse in primary care settings are: conducting
health assessments, providing health education and counseling, performing clinical procedures and
interventions, prescribing medications and referrals, managing chronic conditions, coordinating care
with other providers and agencies, advocating for patients' rights and preferences, participating in
quality improvement and research activities, and collaborating with interprofessional teams.
3. What are some of the challenges and opportunities for clinical nursing in primary care? (10 marks)
Answer: Some of the challenges for clinical nursing in primary care are: adapting to diverse and complex
health needs of patients and communities, working in resource-limited and remote settings, dealing
with ethical dilemmas and legal issues, coping with stress and burnout, maintaining professional
competence and development, and balancing work-life demands. Some of the opportunities for clinical
nursing in primary care are: expanding the scope and autonomy of practice, enhancing the quality and
safety of care, improving access and equity of health services, promoting patient-centered and holistic
1. What are the four principles of primary care and how do they apply to clinical nursing practice? (10
marks)
Answer: The four principles of primary care are accessibility, comprehensiveness, coordination and
continuity. Accessibility means that primary care services are available and affordable to all people
regardless of their location, income or health status. Comprehensiveness means that primary care
covers a wide range of health needs, from prevention and promotion to treatment and rehabilitation.
Coordination means that primary care facilitates the integration and collaboration of different health
providers and sectors to ensure continuity and quality of care. Continuity means that primary care
establishes a long-term relationship between patients and providers, based on trust, respect and mutual
understanding.
2. What are some of the roles and responsibilities of a clinical nurse in primary care settings? (10 marks)
Answer: Some of the roles and responsibilities of a clinical nurse in primary care settings are: conducting
health assessments, providing health education and counseling, performing clinical procedures and
interventions, prescribing medications and referrals, managing chronic conditions, coordinating care
with other providers and agencies, advocating for patients' rights and preferences, participating in
quality improvement and research activities, and collaborating with interprofessional teams.
3. What are some of the challenges and opportunities for clinical nursing in primary care? (10 marks)
Answer: Some of the challenges for clinical nursing in primary care are: adapting to diverse and complex
health needs of patients and communities, working in resource-limited and remote settings, dealing
with ethical dilemmas and legal issues, coping with stress and burnout, maintaining professional
competence and development, and balancing work-life demands. Some of the opportunities for clinical
nursing in primary care are: expanding the scope and autonomy of practice, enhancing the quality and
safety of care, improving access and equity of health services, promoting patient-centered and holistic
