1
CITI RESPONSIBLE CONDUCT OF RESEARCH (RCR)
BASIC EXAM LATEST UPDATE ...QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
The main reason that the Royal Society of London developed the modern form
of peer review was to:
-Streamline the publication of conference proceedings.
-Award grant funding.
-Decide on promotions for researchers.
-Control the quality of published papers. - (answer)Control the quality of
published papers.
Which of the following statements most accurately describes the review
process for grant proposals?
-Once one federal agency has approved a grant proposal, the other agencies do
not need to review it.
-The peer review process is the same across all federal agencies.
-Funding agencies usually have committees, often with external reviewers, that
assess the quality of the proposal.
-Applicants who submit grant proposals are informed in advance as to who will
review their proposals. - (answer)Funding agencies usually have committees,
often with external reviewers, that assess the quality of the proposal.
The two main criteria that the National Science Foundation (NSF) uses to
evaluate grant proposals are:
-Ethical integrity and legal compliance.
-Sustainability and innovation.
-Intellectual merit and broader impact.
-Quality and quantity. - (answer)-Intellectual merit and broader impact.
, 2
Which of the following is true regarding the traditional peer review process:
-Under double-blind review, the identity of the reviewer is revealed to the
author.
-Under double-blind review, the identity of the author is revealed to the
reviewer.
-Under single-blind review, the identity of the author is revealed to the
reviewer.
-Under single-blind review, the identity of the reviewer is revealed to the
author. - (answer)-Under single-blind review, the identity of the author is
revealed to the reviewer.
Reviewers have a responsibility to promote ethical peer review by:
-Using the information contained in a reviewed manuscript to further their own
research.
-Revealing their identity to the authors of the manuscript or grant proposal.
-Preserving the confidentiality of the submission.
-Seeking the help of others in the research team to perform the review. -
(answer)-Preserving the confidentiality of the submission.
Which of the following is the most appropriate step to take if authors believe
that their manuscript was reviewed unfairly?
-The author can contact the editor with their concerns.
-The author should ask the editor to reveal the identities of the reviewers.
-The author should contact the reviewers directly.
-Nothing; by submitting to the peer review process, authors agree to accept
the outcome. - (answer)-The author can contact the editor with their
concerns.
A reviewer's main responsibility is to:
, 3
-Contact the authors when the review is completed.
-Be friendly.
-Behave professionally.
-Avoid criticizing the work of other researchers. - (answer)-Behave
professionally.
The main reason that grant proposal reviewers with a conflict of interest should
remove themselves from the review process is because:
-Having a conflict of interest means an individual does not have the relevant
expertise to perform the review.
-The author of the proposal may learn about the situation.
-Their removal lessens the chance that bias will affect the review process.
-Having a conflict of interest means an individual does not have the time to
perform the review. - (answer)-Their removal lessens the chance that bias will
affect the review process.
Which of the following statements is true regarding the responsibilities of
reviewers?
-Reviewers should identify the positive and negative aspects of a manuscript,
and indicate where improvements are needed.
-Reviewers are not supposed to turn down opportunities to review manuscripts
even if they lack the relevant expertise.
-Reviewers should be an advocate for the author and to help convince the
editor to publish the manuscript.
-Reviewers can make use of the information in a manuscript before it is
published, giving them an advantage over competitors. - (answer)Reviewers
should identify the positive and negative aspects of a manuscript, and indicate
where improvements are needed.
, 4
Proper paraphrasing of a sentence written by someone else may be
accomplished by:
-Changing a sentence's subject and predicate around.
-Removing the first word and the last word and inserting two or three words
elsewhere.
-Changing present tense to past tense or changing from active to passive voice.
-Using your own words and writing voice to express the idea conveyed in the
sentence. - (answer)-Using your own words and writing voice to express the
idea conveyed in the sentence.
Ethical writing and scholarship is based on an implicit contract between the
author and readers, whereby readers assume that what they read is accurate,
has been written by the author, and has:
-Not been disseminated before unless noted otherwise.
-Undergone double-blind peer review.
-Followed traditional methods.
-Been based on the collective efforts of other researchers. - (answer)-Not been
disseminated before unless noted otherwise.
Paraphrasing another author's paragraph by substituting one or two words in
each sentence and then adding one citation to the author at the end of the
paragraph:
-May constitute plagiarism because the original material has not been
sufficiently modified to constitute a proper paraphrase.
-Is acceptable because changing a word here or there and adding a citation is
sufficient to always qualify as an appropriate paraphrase.
-Is acceptable because the voice of the author who is paraphrasing is likely to
emerge even when only a few words from the original are changed.
-May constitute plagiarism because the paraphrased paragraph must be
enclosed in quotation marks. - (answer)-May constitute plagiarism because the
CITI RESPONSIBLE CONDUCT OF RESEARCH (RCR)
BASIC EXAM LATEST UPDATE ...QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
The main reason that the Royal Society of London developed the modern form
of peer review was to:
-Streamline the publication of conference proceedings.
-Award grant funding.
-Decide on promotions for researchers.
-Control the quality of published papers. - (answer)Control the quality of
published papers.
Which of the following statements most accurately describes the review
process for grant proposals?
-Once one federal agency has approved a grant proposal, the other agencies do
not need to review it.
-The peer review process is the same across all federal agencies.
-Funding agencies usually have committees, often with external reviewers, that
assess the quality of the proposal.
-Applicants who submit grant proposals are informed in advance as to who will
review their proposals. - (answer)Funding agencies usually have committees,
often with external reviewers, that assess the quality of the proposal.
The two main criteria that the National Science Foundation (NSF) uses to
evaluate grant proposals are:
-Ethical integrity and legal compliance.
-Sustainability and innovation.
-Intellectual merit and broader impact.
-Quality and quantity. - (answer)-Intellectual merit and broader impact.
, 2
Which of the following is true regarding the traditional peer review process:
-Under double-blind review, the identity of the reviewer is revealed to the
author.
-Under double-blind review, the identity of the author is revealed to the
reviewer.
-Under single-blind review, the identity of the author is revealed to the
reviewer.
-Under single-blind review, the identity of the reviewer is revealed to the
author. - (answer)-Under single-blind review, the identity of the author is
revealed to the reviewer.
Reviewers have a responsibility to promote ethical peer review by:
-Using the information contained in a reviewed manuscript to further their own
research.
-Revealing their identity to the authors of the manuscript or grant proposal.
-Preserving the confidentiality of the submission.
-Seeking the help of others in the research team to perform the review. -
(answer)-Preserving the confidentiality of the submission.
Which of the following is the most appropriate step to take if authors believe
that their manuscript was reviewed unfairly?
-The author can contact the editor with their concerns.
-The author should ask the editor to reveal the identities of the reviewers.
-The author should contact the reviewers directly.
-Nothing; by submitting to the peer review process, authors agree to accept
the outcome. - (answer)-The author can contact the editor with their
concerns.
A reviewer's main responsibility is to:
, 3
-Contact the authors when the review is completed.
-Be friendly.
-Behave professionally.
-Avoid criticizing the work of other researchers. - (answer)-Behave
professionally.
The main reason that grant proposal reviewers with a conflict of interest should
remove themselves from the review process is because:
-Having a conflict of interest means an individual does not have the relevant
expertise to perform the review.
-The author of the proposal may learn about the situation.
-Their removal lessens the chance that bias will affect the review process.
-Having a conflict of interest means an individual does not have the time to
perform the review. - (answer)-Their removal lessens the chance that bias will
affect the review process.
Which of the following statements is true regarding the responsibilities of
reviewers?
-Reviewers should identify the positive and negative aspects of a manuscript,
and indicate where improvements are needed.
-Reviewers are not supposed to turn down opportunities to review manuscripts
even if they lack the relevant expertise.
-Reviewers should be an advocate for the author and to help convince the
editor to publish the manuscript.
-Reviewers can make use of the information in a manuscript before it is
published, giving them an advantage over competitors. - (answer)Reviewers
should identify the positive and negative aspects of a manuscript, and indicate
where improvements are needed.
, 4
Proper paraphrasing of a sentence written by someone else may be
accomplished by:
-Changing a sentence's subject and predicate around.
-Removing the first word and the last word and inserting two or three words
elsewhere.
-Changing present tense to past tense or changing from active to passive voice.
-Using your own words and writing voice to express the idea conveyed in the
sentence. - (answer)-Using your own words and writing voice to express the
idea conveyed in the sentence.
Ethical writing and scholarship is based on an implicit contract between the
author and readers, whereby readers assume that what they read is accurate,
has been written by the author, and has:
-Not been disseminated before unless noted otherwise.
-Undergone double-blind peer review.
-Followed traditional methods.
-Been based on the collective efforts of other researchers. - (answer)-Not been
disseminated before unless noted otherwise.
Paraphrasing another author's paragraph by substituting one or two words in
each sentence and then adding one citation to the author at the end of the
paragraph:
-May constitute plagiarism because the original material has not been
sufficiently modified to constitute a proper paraphrase.
-Is acceptable because changing a word here or there and adding a citation is
sufficient to always qualify as an appropriate paraphrase.
-Is acceptable because the voice of the author who is paraphrasing is likely to
emerge even when only a few words from the original are changed.
-May constitute plagiarism because the paraphrased paragraph must be
enclosed in quotation marks. - (answer)-May constitute plagiarism because the
