PALS Conclusion: Final Assessment Questions and Answers

A child being cared for in the pediatric telemetry unit suddenly displays the following ECG waveform. The provider prepares to intervene because the child is demonstrating which type of arrhythmia? Select the correct answer to this question. Atrial flutter Monomorphic ventricular tachycardia Supraventricular tachycardia Bradycardia - Supraventricular tachycardia The emergency response team is providing care to a preschooler who is experiencing shock. The primary goal, common to all types of shock, is to restore a favorable balance between tissue perfusion and metabolic demand with a focus on what? Select the correct answer to this question. A normal resting heart rate Oxygen delivery and oxygen demand Oxygen and carbon dioxide levels Restoring blood pressure - Oxygen delivery and oxygen demand A provider is assessing a child with suspected shock. Which statement correctly describes hypotension and shock? Select the correct answer to this question. Hypotension affects children with shock more often than adults. Hypotension is not a consistent feature of shock presentation in children. Hypotension is usually an early marker of shock in children. Hypotension during shock in children is rarely a cause of concern. - Hypotension is not a consistent feature of shock presentation in children. Which action would the PALS team initiate to manage increased intracranial pressure in a pediatric patient? Select the correct answer to this question. Administer hypotonic fluids. Maintain the head in midline position. Avoid giving hypertonic saline or mannitol. Ensure hyperstimulation to maintain consciousness. - Maintain the head in midline position. The PALS team is providing post-cardiac arrest care to an 8-year-old child in the pediatric intensive care unit. Which intervention would the team implement to achieve the primary goal of post-cardiac arrest care, after assuring adequate oxygenation and ventilation? Select the correct answer to this question. Induce shivering with therapeutic hypothermia. Increase the child's intracranial pressure. Administer glucose to promote hyperglycemia. Ensure adequate mean arterial pressure. - Ensure adequate mean arterial pressure. A 7-year-old child collapses on the playground at school. The school nurse is called to the scene and determines that the child is unresponsive and is not breathing and has no pulse. The nurse initiates CPR. At what rate and depth would the nurse deliver compressions to this child? Select the correct answer to this question. 100 to 120 compressions per minute at a depth of about 1½ inches 120 to 140 compressions per minute at a depth of about 1½ inches 100 to 120 compressions per minute at a depth of about 2 inches 120 to 140 compressions per minute at a depth of about 2 inches - 100 to 120 compressions per minute at a depth of about 2 inches An advanced airway was placed in a 5-year-old child. Which action(s) would be most appropriate for the team to take to confirm correct placement? Select all correct options that apply. Auscultate over the lungs and epigastrium for air movement. Look for fogging in the tube. Observe for bilateral chest rise. Assess for improved perfusion. Evaluate results of capnography. - Auscultate over the lungs and epigastrium for air movement. Observe for bilateral chest rise. Evaluate results of capnography. Laboratory tests are ordered for a child who has been vomiting for 3 days and is diaphoretic, tachypneic, lethargic and pale. Which test would the provider use to determine the adequacy of perfusion and oxygen delivery? Select the correct answer to this question. Electrolyte panel Platelets Blood culture Lactate - Lactate A 9-year-old child is brought to the emergency department because the child suddenly collapsed at school. The child's ECG reveals the following waveform, and primary assessment findings indicate that the child has inadequate perfusion. Which primary assessment findings indicate this? Hypertension Hypotension Signs of shock Acutely altered mental status Normotension - Hypotension Signs of shock Acutely altered mental status A 2-year-old child arrives at the emergency department with the parents. The child is unresponsive, is not breathing and has no pulse. Two emergency department providers begin high-quality CPR. Which action(s) by the providers demonstrates high-quality CPR? Select all correct options that apply. Waiting 2 seconds after compressions to give ventilations Giving 2 ventilations to every 15 compressions Allowing the chest to recoil fully after each compression Providing ventilations that last about 1 second each Compressing the chest about 2 inches - Giving 2 ventilations to every 15 compressions Allowing the chest to recoil fully after each compression Providing ventilations that last about 1 second each Compressing the chest about 2 inches A provider is forming an initial impression of a child using the Pediatric Assessment Triangle (PAT). For which part of the PAT may the provider use the mnemonic TICLS to assess the patient? Select the correct answer to this question. Appearance Work of breathing Circulation Exposure - Appearance A 4-year-old child suddenly collapses in the playroom of the facility. A healthcare provider observes the event and hurries over to assess the child. The healthcare provider completes which assessment first? Select the correct answer to this question. Primary assessment Focused assessment Rapid assessment Secondary assessment - Rapid assessment A healthcare provider notices petechiae on the arms and legs while performing a rapid skin assessment of a child with a high fever and respiratory distress. Based on this assessment, which condition should the provider consider? Select the correct answer to this question. Contact dermatitis Photosensitivity Poison ivy allergic response Life-threatening systemic infection - Life-threatening systemic infection Primary assessment of a 10-year-old child reveals septic shock. As part of the secondary assessment, if not already done as part of initial sepsis care, laboratory testing is completed to evaluate the child's status. Which laboratory tests would be ordered for this child? Select all correct options that apply. Blood cultures Lactate level Complete blood count (CBC) Toxicology screen - Blood cultures Lactate level Complete blood count (CBC) A child experiencing bradycardia with inadequate perfusion despite supporting oxygenation and ventilation is receiving compressions. Despite these efforts, the child's status remains unchanged. Which medication would the emergency response team expect to administer next? Select the correct answer to this question. Epinephrine Norepinephrine Adenosine Propranolol - Epinephrine A 4-year-old patient presents with tachycardia, tachypnea, cold extremities and weak pulses. Assessment also reveals an enlarged liver and neck vein distension. The provider interprets these assessment findings as suggesting which type of shock? Select the correct answer to this question. Cardiogenic Obstructive Distributive Hypovolemic - Cardiogenic A child in the pediatric intensive care unit displays the following ECG waveform. The child has no pulse. The resuscitation team interprets this as which arrhythmia? Torsades de pointes Ventricular fibrillation Asystole Monomorphic pulseless ventricular tachycardia - Monomorphic pulseless ventricular tachycardia An 11-year-old child develops ventricular tachycardia with a pulse with inadequate perfusion. The PALS team would prepare the child for which intervention? Select the correct answer to this question. Transthoracic pacing Vagal maneuvers Synchronized electrical cardioversion Sedation - Synchronized electrical cardioversion A 6-year-old patient is brought to the emergency department after a bicycle accident. Assessment reveals chest pain on inspiration, diminished breath sounds on the right side, and respiratory distress. The provider suspects obstructive shock caused by what condition? Select the correct answer to this question. Obstructive cardiac lesion Cardiac tamponade Pulmonary embolism Tension pneumothorax - Tension pneumothorax What is the correct IV/IO dose of epinephrine for a pediatric patient in cardiac arrest? Select the correct answer to this question. 0.01 mg/kg every 3 to 5 min (max single dose 1 mg) 10 mg/kg every 3 to 5 min (max single dose 20 mg) 5 mg/kg every 3 to 5 min (max single dose 10 mg) 1 mg/kg every 3 to 5 min (max single dose 2 mg) - 0.01 mg/kg every 3 to 5 min (max single dose 1 mg) A 12-year-old child being evaluated in the pediatric intensive care unit displays the following ECG waveform. The team interprets this as which arrhythmia? Select the correct answer to this question. Second-degree atrioventricular (AV) block, type II First-degree atrioventricular (AV) block Third-degree (complete) atrioventricular (AV) block Second-degree atrioventricular (AV) block, type I - Second-degree atrioventricular (AV) block, type I While performing a rapid assessment and formulating an initial impression using the Pediatric Assessment Triangle (PAT), the provider assesses the child's circulation. Which information would be important to consider? Select all correct options that apply. Evidence of bleeding Skin pallor (or gray/dusky color) Nasal flaring Accessory muscle use Flushing of the skin - Evidence of bleeding Skin pallor (or gray/dusky color) Flushing of the skin A 7-year-old patient with septic shock has received three balanced/buffered crystalloid fluid boluses (60-mL/kg) and reassessment reveals capillary refill of 3 seconds, diminished pulses, narrow pulse pressure and cool, mottled extremities. The emergency response team interprets these findings as indicating which type of septic shock? Select the correct answer to this question. Fluid-responsive Hypertensive Fluid-refractory Mild - Fluid-refractory A child is experiencing shock. The emergency response team prepares for imminent cardiac arrest when assessment reveals which finding(s)? Select all correct options that apply. Hypotension Diminished central pulses Atrial flutter Bradycardia Cool extremities - Hypotension Diminished central pulses Bradycardia A 12-year-old is being treated in the urgent care clinic. The mother reports that the child came home from school yesterday with a high fever, vomiting and multiple episodes of watery diarrhea. The healthcare provider obtains a rhythm strip and notes the following waveform. The provider interprets this as which type of arrhythmia? Select the correct answer to this question. Sinus bradycardia Atrial flutter Sinus tachycardia Ventricular tachycardia - Sinus tachycardia A 9-year-old patient is presenting with diminished breath sounds, bradycardia, slowed respiratory rate and a low O2 saturation level. The provider interprets these findings as indicating which condition? Select the correct answer to this question. Respiratory failure Respiratory distress Respiratory arrest - Respiratory failure