,1 Back and Spine
1. Indicate the number of vertebrae that comprise each region of the vertebral
column.
a. cervical ____________________________________________
b. thoracic ____________________________________________
c. lumbar ____________________________________________
d. sacral ____________________________________________
2. Which two (2) regions of the vertebral column are characterized by curvatures in
the sagittal plane with a concavity directed posteriorly?
a. ________________________________________________________
b. ________________________________________________________
3. Name each of the ligaments of the vertebral column described below.
a. courses vertically along the anterior surfaces of adjacent vertebral bodies
________________________________________________________
b. courses between adjacent laminae
________________________________________________________
c. courses between adjacent spinous processes
________________________________________________________
d. courses vertically along the posterior surfaces of adjacent vertebral bodies
________________________________________________________
4. What is the name of the thickened supraspinous ligament of the cervical
spine?
_______________________________________________________________
3
,5. What is the name of the synovial joint formed by the superior and inferior articular
processes of adjacent vertebrae?
_______________________________________________________________
6. Which group of vertebrae is characterized by transverse foraminae?
_______________________________________________________________
7. The carotid tubercle is an osteological feature of which vertebra?
_______________________________________________________________
8. The dens is an osteological feature of which vertebra?
_______________________________________________________________
9. Which vertebra is commonly referred to a “vertebra prominens”?
_______________________________________________________________
10. Name the two (2) parts of the vertebral arch.
a. ________________________________________________________
b. ________________________________________________________
11. What are the names of the two (2) parts of the intervertebral disc?
a. central fluid part _____________________________________
b. peripheral fibrous part _____________________________________
12. What is the name of the ligamentous structure that extends from the posterior
arch of C1 (atlas) to the base of the cranium?
_______________________________________________________________
4
, 13. What is the name of the venous plexus located within the vertebral canal?
_______________________________________________________________
14. What is the name of the thickened connective tissue origin of the latissimus
dorsi?
______________________________________________________________
15. Name the three (3) muscles that form the borders of the triangle of
auscultation.
a. _________________________________________________________
b. _________________________________________________________
c. _________________________________________________________
16. What two (2) muscles form the superficial layer of intrinsic back muscles?
a. _________________________________________________________
b. _________________________________________________________
17. What muscle group forms the intermediate layer of intrinsic back muscles?
_______________________________________________________________
18. What muscle group forms the deep layer of intrinsic back muscles?
_______________________________________________________________
19. What three (3) muscles form the suboccipital triangle?
a. ________________________________________________________
b. ________________________________________________________
c. ________________________________________________________
5
1. Indicate the number of vertebrae that comprise each region of the vertebral
column.
a. cervical ____________________________________________
b. thoracic ____________________________________________
c. lumbar ____________________________________________
d. sacral ____________________________________________
2. Which two (2) regions of the vertebral column are characterized by curvatures in
the sagittal plane with a concavity directed posteriorly?
a. ________________________________________________________
b. ________________________________________________________
3. Name each of the ligaments of the vertebral column described below.
a. courses vertically along the anterior surfaces of adjacent vertebral bodies
________________________________________________________
b. courses between adjacent laminae
________________________________________________________
c. courses between adjacent spinous processes
________________________________________________________
d. courses vertically along the posterior surfaces of adjacent vertebral bodies
________________________________________________________
4. What is the name of the thickened supraspinous ligament of the cervical
spine?
_______________________________________________________________
3
,5. What is the name of the synovial joint formed by the superior and inferior articular
processes of adjacent vertebrae?
_______________________________________________________________
6. Which group of vertebrae is characterized by transverse foraminae?
_______________________________________________________________
7. The carotid tubercle is an osteological feature of which vertebra?
_______________________________________________________________
8. The dens is an osteological feature of which vertebra?
_______________________________________________________________
9. Which vertebra is commonly referred to a “vertebra prominens”?
_______________________________________________________________
10. Name the two (2) parts of the vertebral arch.
a. ________________________________________________________
b. ________________________________________________________
11. What are the names of the two (2) parts of the intervertebral disc?
a. central fluid part _____________________________________
b. peripheral fibrous part _____________________________________
12. What is the name of the ligamentous structure that extends from the posterior
arch of C1 (atlas) to the base of the cranium?
_______________________________________________________________
4
, 13. What is the name of the venous plexus located within the vertebral canal?
_______________________________________________________________
14. What is the name of the thickened connective tissue origin of the latissimus
dorsi?
______________________________________________________________
15. Name the three (3) muscles that form the borders of the triangle of
auscultation.
a. _________________________________________________________
b. _________________________________________________________
c. _________________________________________________________
16. What two (2) muscles form the superficial layer of intrinsic back muscles?
a. _________________________________________________________
b. _________________________________________________________
17. What muscle group forms the intermediate layer of intrinsic back muscles?
_______________________________________________________________
18. What muscle group forms the deep layer of intrinsic back muscles?
_______________________________________________________________
19. What three (3) muscles form the suboccipital triangle?
a. ________________________________________________________
b. ________________________________________________________
c. ________________________________________________________
5
