Exam Revision - HUBS 1406 Questions With Complete
Solutions
A cell that belongs to the immune system and engulfs and
destroys any microbes it finds is likely to contain a large amount
of:
A) Rough endoplasmic reticulum.
B) Lysosomes.
C) Mitochondria.
D) Golgi apparatus. Correct Answers B) Lysosomes.
A complete blood cell count that reveals an unusually high
number of abnormal leukocytes might indicate:
A) Thrombocytopenia.
B) Polycythemia.
C) Anaemia.
D) Leukaemia. Correct Answers D) Leukaemia.
A condition known as short bowel syndrome occurs if a person
has lost too much of their small intestine due to surgery or some
other cause. What would be the most likely result of having a
small intestine that is too short?
A) Failure to absorb nutrients.
B) Loss of too much water, leading to dehydration.
C) Failure to secrete intrinsic factor.
D) Incomplete churning and mixing of food. Correct Answers
A) Failure to absorb nutrients.
,A diabetic patient is brought into hospital in a coma after a
suspected insulin overdose. What could be given to correct this?
A) Glucagon.
B) Thyroid hormone.
C) Cortisol.
D) Insulin. Correct Answers A) Glucagon.
A female patient has a blood test. One ml of her blood is drawn,
spun in a centrifuge, and the plasma volume is measured and
found to be 0.6 ml. Two months later the same patient returns to
the doctor and, after doing another blood test, the doctor tells the
patient that she has become anaemic compared to her previous
visit. Which of the following is most likely to be the woman's
haematocrit on the second visit?
A) 70%
B) 35%
C) 49%
D) 0.6 ml Correct Answers B) 35%
A fracture of a long bone which involves the growth plate in a
child would:
A) Not heal, because of the cartilage in the growth plate.
B) Heal normally with no further problems, as bone is able to re-
model.
C) Always be a weak point in the bone due to incomplete
healing.
,D) Heal normally, but would cause early closure of the growth
plate. Correct Answers D) Heal normally, but would cause
early closure of the growth plate.
A patient has a condition which makes his pupils excessively
dilated, with the result that his eyes are very sensitive to light.
Which of the following might help to correct this problem?
A) Adrenaline.
B) A drug which activates the parasympathetic system.
C) Parathyroid hormone.
D) Cortisol. Correct Answers B) A drug which activates the
parasympathetic system.
A patient has a tumour in her hypothalamus which causes
insufficient Anti-Diuretic Hormone secretion. When her blood
pressure is taken, which of the following readings would you
therefore expect?
A) 120/65 mm Hg.
B) 115/80 mm Hg.
C) 165/100 mm Hg.
D) 95/65 mm Hg. Correct Answers D) 95/65 mm Hg.
A patient is suffering from a liver condition, resulting in a
reduced production of the protein albumin. Albumin is usually
present at significant concentration in the blood. What will be
the result of the reduced albumin concentration in the patient's
blood?
, A) Water will move out of the blood vessels since the solution
outside the blood vessels will be hypertonic to the solution
inside.
B) Water will move into the blood vessels to replace the lost
albumin.
C) Albumin will move into the blood vessel through the vessel
walls.
D) Albumin will move from the blood into the urine. Correct
Answers A) Water will move out of the blood vessels since the
solution outside the blood vessels will be hypertonic to the
solution inside.
A patient suffers from an endocrine disorder in which her
adrenal cortex is not secreting enough of its hormones. Which of
the following would be one of the problems this patient would
be likely to have?
A) Excessive amounts of sodium and water would be retained
by the kidneys, leading to high blood pressure.
B) Excessive amounts of sodium and water would be lost by the
kidneys, leading to low blood pressure.
C) Excessive amounts of glucose and water would be lost by the
kidneys, leading to dehydration.
D) There would be no effect on blood pressure - the only effects
would be on reproductive functions. Correct Answers B)
Excessive amounts of sodium and water would be lost by the
kidneys, leading to low blood pressure.
A patient who has had a large part of his stomach surgically
removed develops a serious vitamin deficiency as a result.
Which vitamin is likely to be deficient?
Solutions
A cell that belongs to the immune system and engulfs and
destroys any microbes it finds is likely to contain a large amount
of:
A) Rough endoplasmic reticulum.
B) Lysosomes.
C) Mitochondria.
D) Golgi apparatus. Correct Answers B) Lysosomes.
A complete blood cell count that reveals an unusually high
number of abnormal leukocytes might indicate:
A) Thrombocytopenia.
B) Polycythemia.
C) Anaemia.
D) Leukaemia. Correct Answers D) Leukaemia.
A condition known as short bowel syndrome occurs if a person
has lost too much of their small intestine due to surgery or some
other cause. What would be the most likely result of having a
small intestine that is too short?
A) Failure to absorb nutrients.
B) Loss of too much water, leading to dehydration.
C) Failure to secrete intrinsic factor.
D) Incomplete churning and mixing of food. Correct Answers
A) Failure to absorb nutrients.
,A diabetic patient is brought into hospital in a coma after a
suspected insulin overdose. What could be given to correct this?
A) Glucagon.
B) Thyroid hormone.
C) Cortisol.
D) Insulin. Correct Answers A) Glucagon.
A female patient has a blood test. One ml of her blood is drawn,
spun in a centrifuge, and the plasma volume is measured and
found to be 0.6 ml. Two months later the same patient returns to
the doctor and, after doing another blood test, the doctor tells the
patient that she has become anaemic compared to her previous
visit. Which of the following is most likely to be the woman's
haematocrit on the second visit?
A) 70%
B) 35%
C) 49%
D) 0.6 ml Correct Answers B) 35%
A fracture of a long bone which involves the growth plate in a
child would:
A) Not heal, because of the cartilage in the growth plate.
B) Heal normally with no further problems, as bone is able to re-
model.
C) Always be a weak point in the bone due to incomplete
healing.
,D) Heal normally, but would cause early closure of the growth
plate. Correct Answers D) Heal normally, but would cause
early closure of the growth plate.
A patient has a condition which makes his pupils excessively
dilated, with the result that his eyes are very sensitive to light.
Which of the following might help to correct this problem?
A) Adrenaline.
B) A drug which activates the parasympathetic system.
C) Parathyroid hormone.
D) Cortisol. Correct Answers B) A drug which activates the
parasympathetic system.
A patient has a tumour in her hypothalamus which causes
insufficient Anti-Diuretic Hormone secretion. When her blood
pressure is taken, which of the following readings would you
therefore expect?
A) 120/65 mm Hg.
B) 115/80 mm Hg.
C) 165/100 mm Hg.
D) 95/65 mm Hg. Correct Answers D) 95/65 mm Hg.
A patient is suffering from a liver condition, resulting in a
reduced production of the protein albumin. Albumin is usually
present at significant concentration in the blood. What will be
the result of the reduced albumin concentration in the patient's
blood?
, A) Water will move out of the blood vessels since the solution
outside the blood vessels will be hypertonic to the solution
inside.
B) Water will move into the blood vessels to replace the lost
albumin.
C) Albumin will move into the blood vessel through the vessel
walls.
D) Albumin will move from the blood into the urine. Correct
Answers A) Water will move out of the blood vessels since the
solution outside the blood vessels will be hypertonic to the
solution inside.
A patient suffers from an endocrine disorder in which her
adrenal cortex is not secreting enough of its hormones. Which of
the following would be one of the problems this patient would
be likely to have?
A) Excessive amounts of sodium and water would be retained
by the kidneys, leading to high blood pressure.
B) Excessive amounts of sodium and water would be lost by the
kidneys, leading to low blood pressure.
C) Excessive amounts of glucose and water would be lost by the
kidneys, leading to dehydration.
D) There would be no effect on blood pressure - the only effects
would be on reproductive functions. Correct Answers B)
Excessive amounts of sodium and water would be lost by the
kidneys, leading to low blood pressure.
A patient who has had a large part of his stomach surgically
removed develops a serious vitamin deficiency as a result.
Which vitamin is likely to be deficient?
