MSN-FNP 570 Midterm Exam Questions and Answers

During ischemia, what effect does the loss of ATP level have on cells? Cells swell because of the influx of NaCl Free radicals play a major role in the initiation and progression of which disease? Cardiovascular disease such as hypertension and ischemic heart disease The kind of genetic mutation that results in the change of an amino acid sequence in the protein sequence is described as a Missense mutation An example of physiologic atrophy is Thymus gland changes during childhood Which option best supports the reason more energy is produced when a person is exercising Muscle cells have more mitochondria to meet energy demands Which component form the structure of DNA Nucleotides A patient is diagnosed with type one diabetes mellitus. At a cellular level, which function is likely to be involved? Is answers are right but inability of ribosomes to produce a specific type of protein Which factor is essential in order for protein synthesis to occur? Specific information from the nucleus of the cell A client has a growth removed from the body. Which histologic finding indicates that the growth is classified as benign? Differentiation Which chromosomal abnormalities have been linked with down syndrome? Translocation Tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin one contribute to shark states because they induce production of what? Nitric oxide During fertilization each parent contribute the DNA being passed onto the offspring. Which genetic expression in the offspring is validation of genetic contribution by a parent? The sex of the offspring The RB one gene is which kind of gene? Tumor suppressor gene Mutation and only one allele of the genes listed below which normally promotes cell growth is associated which changes associated with cancer DNA repair genes Screening test that measures the presence of blood in the stool indicate FOBT and CEA False Sext linked disorders frequently are associated with the X chromosome and are predominantly recessive True A tetratogenic agent is an environmental agent that produces abnormalities only during the first four weeks of embryonic or fetal development True Messenger RNA carries the instructions for protein synthesis True Which of the following respiratory structures would be found in the respiratory zone? Alveoli Which of the following scenarios best describes a condition where the amount of dead space is increased? A man with a blood clot that embolizes to the lungs A COPD patient presents to the ER. The chief complaint is labored breathing. Which of the following applies: A person with COPD is primarily relying on high CO2 to increase their rate and depth of ventilation and giving them more O2 we take this drive away And pulmonary function testing, a patient fills their lungs oh I see as much as possible then blows out as much as they can. The amount of air they would expire (from maximal inspiration to maximal expiration) is cell the? Vital capacity Which of the following statements about asthma is not correct Asthma is primarily a restrictive respiratory disorder A patient has an increased PaCO2 value at 66 mmHg and an increased bicarbonate value at 34 mEq/L. Based on these values the patient was most likely in: Respiratory acidosis with renal compensation If conjunction through the heart were initiated at a site other than the SA node, the resulting heartbeat would be best described as Ectopic Mild ischemia of the heart resulting in chest pain would be best described as Angina pectoris When role of ATP in cardiac muscle contraction is Altering myosin affinity for actin binding sites At very high heart rate, cardiac output Decreases Identify the pathogenic process that is most likely associated with atherosclerosis fibrosis of the blood vessel The neurotransmitter receptor that is found at parasympathetic post ganglionic synapsis that can be blocked by atrophying is the Muscarinic receptor The neurological disease associated with autoimmune destruction of the myelin basic protein is Multiple sclerosis The region of the brain that contains the hypothalamus is the diencephalon Siena cells that maintain the integrity of the blood brain barrier are called Astrocytes Which is not true about the arachnoid layer of the meninges It is thick and tough for support and protection If physiologic change most likely to lead to an increase an intracranial pressure is Cerebral vasodilation Which group of clinical findings indicates the poorest neurologic functioning Assumes decorticate posture with light touch, no verbal response. The dimension of Alzheimer's disease is associated with structural changes in the brain, including Deposition of amyloid plaques in the brain Dopamine precursors an anticholinergics are all used in the management of Parkinson's disease, because they Increase dopamine activity in the basal ganglia Extrinsic or a topic asthma is typically initiated by type one hypersensitivity reaction induced by exposure to an antigen or allergen True Which of the following disorders best describes a condition characterized by acute lung inflammation and diffuse injury to the alveolar-capillary membrane Acute respiratory distress syndrome Most mutations associated with cancer Are random and nature It major consideration with differential diagnosis is Sequential order is always essential Which of the following is not a domain of differential diagnosis Calling a physician for validation What is a consequence of the plasma membrane damage to the mitochondria Influx of calcium ions halts ATP production The subjective sensation of not being able to get sufficient air is best described by which of the following terms Dyspnea Maintenance of a constant internal environment and implementation of behavioral patterns are two main functions of which of the following Hypothalamus