HUBS 1406 Review Test with Verified
Solutions
Which metabolic process does not occur in the mitochondria? - ✅✅ Glycolysis
Andrew's blood test showed high levels of ACTH and low levels of cortisol.
Which of the following could you determine from this? - ✅✅ Andrew has a
problem with his adrenal cortex
Sometimes, patients who have suffered severe blood loss are given carbohydrate
known as dextran intravenously. Dextran cannot get out of blood vessels. How do
you think dextran infusion would help the patient? - ✅✅ The dextran will
increase the osmotic 'pull' within the blood vessels, holding more water in the
blood vessels and helping to maintain the circulating volume.
After a long flight from Los Angeles to Sydney an elderly man has a painful
swelling just behind his knee. His doctor says he has a deep vein thrombosis. What
is the risk associated with this condition? - ✅✅ The clot will dislodge from the
leg vein and block the small arteries of the pulmonary circulation, causing acute
respiratory failure.
A person with chronic renal failure may have weak bones because? - ✅✅ The
effects of acidosis and parathyroid hormone would combine to decrease the
minerals in bone
Lauren has pulled a muscle in her leg just before a big athletics competition. The
injured area is red, warm and swollen. Lauren really wants to compete and doesn't
want her injury to stop her, so she applies lots of ice, takes pain killers and uses
lots of anti-inflammatory cream on the area. What will Lauren's treatment do? -
✅✅ The anti-inflammatory cream and pain killers will allow Lauren to get back
on the leg quicker, but will interrupt the healing process, as inflammation is the
first step in healing.
Blockage of the pancreatic duct can sometimes lead to activation of trypsinogen
and chymotrypsinogen in the pancreas. What would the results of this activation
be? - ✅✅ Trypsin and chymotrypsin, which are proteases, would start to digest
the pancreas itself, causing pancreatitis.
, Increasing the rate of breathing will? - ✅✅ Decrease the partial pressure of
carbon dioxide in the blood
Air in the intrapleural space - ✅✅ Would cause the lung to collapse, a condition
known as pneumothorax
A person is eating a diet rich in calcium but is not absorbing much of the calcium.
Which of the following could be used to correct this problem? - ✅✅ Vitamin D
Breathing the salty spray at the beach can often make it easier for a cystic fibrosis
sufferer to breathe. What is the mechanism by which this happens? - ✅✅ Some
of the salt is deposited in the airways, causing movement of water out of the
airway cells into the airways by osmosis, thus watering down the tick sticky mucus
and making it easier for the cilia to clear it.
Which of the following are important for the reduction of friction in joints during
movement? - ✅✅ Synovial fluid and hyaline cartilage
Which organ makes most of the plasma proteins? - ✅✅ liver
A person with a chronic obstructive disease is unable to ventilate their lungs
properly. How will the kidneys respond to this? - ✅✅ They will excrete more
hydrogen ions and retain more bicarbonate ions
Albert suffered rheumatic fever as a child, and his mitral valve was damaged as a
result. Albert now has mitral valve regurgitation. What effect will this have on
Albert's cardiovascular system? - ✅✅ Albert will have a reduction output from
the left ventricle, and an increased pressure in the pulmonary circulation
The short-term response to low blood pressure would be - ✅✅ Increased heart
rate and increased vascular resistance
A person undergoes surgery for a tumour of the thyroid gland. The surgery
involves the removal of almost the entire gland. After the surgery, the patient's
plasma calcium levels were found to be chronically low. What would be the most
likely reason for this? - ✅✅ The removal of the thyroid gland would have
resulted in the removal of the parathyroid glands along with it. Since parathyroid
hormone normally raises plasma calcium level, the plasma calcium level dropped
after the surgery.
Solutions
Which metabolic process does not occur in the mitochondria? - ✅✅ Glycolysis
Andrew's blood test showed high levels of ACTH and low levels of cortisol.
Which of the following could you determine from this? - ✅✅ Andrew has a
problem with his adrenal cortex
Sometimes, patients who have suffered severe blood loss are given carbohydrate
known as dextran intravenously. Dextran cannot get out of blood vessels. How do
you think dextran infusion would help the patient? - ✅✅ The dextran will
increase the osmotic 'pull' within the blood vessels, holding more water in the
blood vessels and helping to maintain the circulating volume.
After a long flight from Los Angeles to Sydney an elderly man has a painful
swelling just behind his knee. His doctor says he has a deep vein thrombosis. What
is the risk associated with this condition? - ✅✅ The clot will dislodge from the
leg vein and block the small arteries of the pulmonary circulation, causing acute
respiratory failure.
A person with chronic renal failure may have weak bones because? - ✅✅ The
effects of acidosis and parathyroid hormone would combine to decrease the
minerals in bone
Lauren has pulled a muscle in her leg just before a big athletics competition. The
injured area is red, warm and swollen. Lauren really wants to compete and doesn't
want her injury to stop her, so she applies lots of ice, takes pain killers and uses
lots of anti-inflammatory cream on the area. What will Lauren's treatment do? -
✅✅ The anti-inflammatory cream and pain killers will allow Lauren to get back
on the leg quicker, but will interrupt the healing process, as inflammation is the
first step in healing.
Blockage of the pancreatic duct can sometimes lead to activation of trypsinogen
and chymotrypsinogen in the pancreas. What would the results of this activation
be? - ✅✅ Trypsin and chymotrypsin, which are proteases, would start to digest
the pancreas itself, causing pancreatitis.
, Increasing the rate of breathing will? - ✅✅ Decrease the partial pressure of
carbon dioxide in the blood
Air in the intrapleural space - ✅✅ Would cause the lung to collapse, a condition
known as pneumothorax
A person is eating a diet rich in calcium but is not absorbing much of the calcium.
Which of the following could be used to correct this problem? - ✅✅ Vitamin D
Breathing the salty spray at the beach can often make it easier for a cystic fibrosis
sufferer to breathe. What is the mechanism by which this happens? - ✅✅ Some
of the salt is deposited in the airways, causing movement of water out of the
airway cells into the airways by osmosis, thus watering down the tick sticky mucus
and making it easier for the cilia to clear it.
Which of the following are important for the reduction of friction in joints during
movement? - ✅✅ Synovial fluid and hyaline cartilage
Which organ makes most of the plasma proteins? - ✅✅ liver
A person with a chronic obstructive disease is unable to ventilate their lungs
properly. How will the kidneys respond to this? - ✅✅ They will excrete more
hydrogen ions and retain more bicarbonate ions
Albert suffered rheumatic fever as a child, and his mitral valve was damaged as a
result. Albert now has mitral valve regurgitation. What effect will this have on
Albert's cardiovascular system? - ✅✅ Albert will have a reduction output from
the left ventricle, and an increased pressure in the pulmonary circulation
The short-term response to low blood pressure would be - ✅✅ Increased heart
rate and increased vascular resistance
A person undergoes surgery for a tumour of the thyroid gland. The surgery
involves the removal of almost the entire gland. After the surgery, the patient's
plasma calcium levels were found to be chronically low. What would be the most
likely reason for this? - ✅✅ The removal of the thyroid gland would have
resulted in the removal of the parathyroid glands along with it. Since parathyroid
hormone normally raises plasma calcium level, the plasma calcium level dropped
after the surgery.
