GCSE BIOLOGY Questions With All Correct Answers
Define movement correct answer -An action by an organism or part of an
organism causing a change of position or place
Define respiration correct answer -The chemical reaction that breaks
down nutrient molecules in living cells to release energy
Respiration word equation correct answer -Glucose+oxygen-
>water+carbon dioxide
Respiration symbol equation correct answer -
Define sensitivity correct answer -Ability to detect or sense changes in the
environment and to make responses
Define growth correct answer -A permanent increase in size and mass by
an increase in cell number or cell size
Define reprouction correct answer -Processes that make more of the same
kind of organisms
Define excretion correct answer -Removal from organisms of toxic
materials, the waste product of metabolism and substances in excess
requirement
Define nutrition correct answer -Taking in of nutrients which are organic
substances and mineral ions, containing raw materials or energy for growth
and tissue repair, absorbing and assimilating them
Define cell correct answer -The smallest structural and functional unit of
an aorganism
State differences between the typical animal and plant cell correct answer
--Only plant cells have chloroplasts and cell walls
-Shape of plant cell is more regular
,-Animal cells store carbohydrates as glycogen, plant cells store carbohydrates
as starch
Function of nucleus (cell) correct answer -Contains DNA (Genetic
material), which controls cell activity
Function of cytoplasm correct answer -Where chemical reactions take
place
Function of cell membrane correct answer -Partially permeable
membrane which controls substances that move in and out of the cell
Function of cell wall correct answer -Strengthens and protects the cell
Function of chloroplast correct answer -Contains chlorophyll which
absorbs light energy for photosyntheis
Word equation for photosynthesis correct answer -Carbon dioxide+water-
>Oxygen+glucose
Symbol equation fo photosynthesis correct answer -
Function of vacuole correct answer -Filled with cell sap which helps keep
the cell turgid
Function of red blood cell correct answer -Carries oxygen around the body
to all respiring tissues
(Contains haemoglobin which picks up oxygen)
How the red blood cell is suitable for its function correct answer --
Biconcave shape (Higher surface area)
-No nucleus (Can move around more easily and allows the cell to hold more
oxygen)
Function of root hair cell correct answer -To absorb water and mineral
ions for the plant (vis osmosis
,How the root hair cell is suitable for its function correct answer --
Elongated section to its main body (Higher surface area)
-Membrane of the root is semi permeable (only water and minerals can go
through)
Define diffusion correct answer -The net movement of molecules form a
region of high concentration to a region of lower concentration down a
concentration gradient (Result of random movement/brownian motion)
Importance of diffusion in gases correct answer --Necessary for gas
exchange in living organisms
-Necessary for photosynthesis
Importance of diffusion in water as a solvent correct answer --Absorption
of minerals in plants (minerals salt needs to dissolve in water)
-Necessary for excretion (pee)
Define osmosis correct answer -The diffusion of water molecules from a
region of high concentration to a region of lower concentration through a semi
permeable membrane
Osmosis in plant cells correct answer --Water enters the root hair cell
through osmosis
-If vacuoles aren't full of water the cell will become flaccid causing the plant to
will
Osmosis in animal cells correct answer --If surrounded with high water
potential, water will enter the cell, if to much water ends up in the cell it will
burst
-If surrounded with low water potential, water in cytoplasm will diffuse
outwards causing the cell to shrink
Define enzyme correct answer -Proteins that function as biological
catalysts (speeds up reaction in living cells)
Define substrate molecule correct answer -A substance on which enzymes
act on
, Define active site correct answer -A region on an enzyme which binds to
the substrate during a reaction
Explain the lock and key mechanism for enzymes correct answer -An
enzyme has to be the right shape for the substrate to fit into. An enzyme will
only accept 1 substrate (1 specific chemical reaction)
Temperatures effect on enzymes correct answer --As temperature
increase so does the rate of reaction, up to a certain point. This point is known
as the "optimum temperature". If the temperature goes above this enzyme
activity will decrease (denature)
-If the temperature is to low the enzyme will be dormand
PHs effect on enzymes correct answer --Different enzymes work best at
different PH s
-If the PH is to low OR to high the enzyme will denature
Function of protease correct answer -Breaks down protein
Function of amylase correct answer -Breaks down starch
Function of lipase correct answer -Breaks down fats and oils
Denature correct answer -Change in the structure of the enzyme
What is starch and glycogen made up of correct answer -Glucose
What is protein made up of correct answer -Amino acids
What are fat and oils made up of correct answer -Fatty acids and glycerol
Test for starch correct answer -Iodine solution
-Posotive:Blue black
-Negative:Orange yellow
Test for sugars correct answer -Benedict solution
-Posotive:Red
-Negative:No change
Define movement correct answer -An action by an organism or part of an
organism causing a change of position or place
Define respiration correct answer -The chemical reaction that breaks
down nutrient molecules in living cells to release energy
Respiration word equation correct answer -Glucose+oxygen-
>water+carbon dioxide
Respiration symbol equation correct answer -
Define sensitivity correct answer -Ability to detect or sense changes in the
environment and to make responses
Define growth correct answer -A permanent increase in size and mass by
an increase in cell number or cell size
Define reprouction correct answer -Processes that make more of the same
kind of organisms
Define excretion correct answer -Removal from organisms of toxic
materials, the waste product of metabolism and substances in excess
requirement
Define nutrition correct answer -Taking in of nutrients which are organic
substances and mineral ions, containing raw materials or energy for growth
and tissue repair, absorbing and assimilating them
Define cell correct answer -The smallest structural and functional unit of
an aorganism
State differences between the typical animal and plant cell correct answer
--Only plant cells have chloroplasts and cell walls
-Shape of plant cell is more regular
,-Animal cells store carbohydrates as glycogen, plant cells store carbohydrates
as starch
Function of nucleus (cell) correct answer -Contains DNA (Genetic
material), which controls cell activity
Function of cytoplasm correct answer -Where chemical reactions take
place
Function of cell membrane correct answer -Partially permeable
membrane which controls substances that move in and out of the cell
Function of cell wall correct answer -Strengthens and protects the cell
Function of chloroplast correct answer -Contains chlorophyll which
absorbs light energy for photosyntheis
Word equation for photosynthesis correct answer -Carbon dioxide+water-
>Oxygen+glucose
Symbol equation fo photosynthesis correct answer -
Function of vacuole correct answer -Filled with cell sap which helps keep
the cell turgid
Function of red blood cell correct answer -Carries oxygen around the body
to all respiring tissues
(Contains haemoglobin which picks up oxygen)
How the red blood cell is suitable for its function correct answer --
Biconcave shape (Higher surface area)
-No nucleus (Can move around more easily and allows the cell to hold more
oxygen)
Function of root hair cell correct answer -To absorb water and mineral
ions for the plant (vis osmosis
,How the root hair cell is suitable for its function correct answer --
Elongated section to its main body (Higher surface area)
-Membrane of the root is semi permeable (only water and minerals can go
through)
Define diffusion correct answer -The net movement of molecules form a
region of high concentration to a region of lower concentration down a
concentration gradient (Result of random movement/brownian motion)
Importance of diffusion in gases correct answer --Necessary for gas
exchange in living organisms
-Necessary for photosynthesis
Importance of diffusion in water as a solvent correct answer --Absorption
of minerals in plants (minerals salt needs to dissolve in water)
-Necessary for excretion (pee)
Define osmosis correct answer -The diffusion of water molecules from a
region of high concentration to a region of lower concentration through a semi
permeable membrane
Osmosis in plant cells correct answer --Water enters the root hair cell
through osmosis
-If vacuoles aren't full of water the cell will become flaccid causing the plant to
will
Osmosis in animal cells correct answer --If surrounded with high water
potential, water will enter the cell, if to much water ends up in the cell it will
burst
-If surrounded with low water potential, water in cytoplasm will diffuse
outwards causing the cell to shrink
Define enzyme correct answer -Proteins that function as biological
catalysts (speeds up reaction in living cells)
Define substrate molecule correct answer -A substance on which enzymes
act on
, Define active site correct answer -A region on an enzyme which binds to
the substrate during a reaction
Explain the lock and key mechanism for enzymes correct answer -An
enzyme has to be the right shape for the substrate to fit into. An enzyme will
only accept 1 substrate (1 specific chemical reaction)
Temperatures effect on enzymes correct answer --As temperature
increase so does the rate of reaction, up to a certain point. This point is known
as the "optimum temperature". If the temperature goes above this enzyme
activity will decrease (denature)
-If the temperature is to low the enzyme will be dormand
PHs effect on enzymes correct answer --Different enzymes work best at
different PH s
-If the PH is to low OR to high the enzyme will denature
Function of protease correct answer -Breaks down protein
Function of amylase correct answer -Breaks down starch
Function of lipase correct answer -Breaks down fats and oils
Denature correct answer -Change in the structure of the enzyme
What is starch and glycogen made up of correct answer -Glucose
What is protein made up of correct answer -Amino acids
What are fat and oils made up of correct answer -Fatty acids and glycerol
Test for starch correct answer -Iodine solution
-Posotive:Blue black
-Negative:Orange yellow
Test for sugars correct answer -Benedict solution
-Posotive:Red
-Negative:No change
