biology midterm Questions With All Correct Answers
cell membrane correct answer -thin,flexible barrier around the cell;
regulates what goes in and out of the cell
cell wall correct answer -strong supporting layer around the cell
membrane in plants, algae, and some bacteria
chloroplast correct answer -captures the energy from sunlight and
converts it to chemical energy
cytoplasm correct answer -material inside cell membrane-not including
the nucleus
cytoskeleton correct answer -network of protein filaments within some
cells that helps the cell maintain its shape and is involved in many forms of
cell movement
golgi apparatus correct answer -stack of membranes in the cell that
modifies, sorts,and packages proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum
lysosome correct answer -cell organelle filled with enzymes needed to
break down certain materials in the cell
nuclear envelope correct answer -layer of two membranes that surrounds
the nucleus of a cell
nucleolus correct answer -small dense region within most nuclei in which
the assembly of proteins begin
ribosome correct answer -small particle in the cell on which proteins are
assembled; made of RNA and protein
vacuole correct answer -cell organelle that stores materials such as water,
salts, proteins, and carbohydrates
, diffusion correct answer -process by which molecules tend to move from
an area where they are more concentrated to an area where they area less
concentrated
osmosis correct answer -diffusion of water through a selectively
permeable membrane
isotonic correct answer -when the concentration of two solutions is the
same
hypertonic correct answer -when comparing two solutions, the solution
with the greater concentration of solutes
hypotonic correct answer -when comparing two solutions, the solution
with the lesser concentration of solutes
facilitated diffusion correct answer -movement of specific molecules
across cell membranes through protein channels
active transport correct answer -energy-requiring process that moves
material across a cell membrane against a concentration difference
endocytosis correct answer -process by which a cell takes material into
the cell by infolding of the cell membrane
phagocystosis correct answer -process in which extensions of cytoplasm
surround and engulf large particles and take them into the cell
pinocytosis correct answer -process by which a cell takes in liquid from
the surrounding environment
exocytosis correct answer -process by which a cell releases a large amount
of material
adenosine triphosphate (ATP) correct answer -one of the principal
chemical compounds that living things use to store and release energy
centriole correct answer -one of two tiny structures located in the
cytoplasm of animal cells near the nuclear envelope
cell membrane correct answer -thin,flexible barrier around the cell;
regulates what goes in and out of the cell
cell wall correct answer -strong supporting layer around the cell
membrane in plants, algae, and some bacteria
chloroplast correct answer -captures the energy from sunlight and
converts it to chemical energy
cytoplasm correct answer -material inside cell membrane-not including
the nucleus
cytoskeleton correct answer -network of protein filaments within some
cells that helps the cell maintain its shape and is involved in many forms of
cell movement
golgi apparatus correct answer -stack of membranes in the cell that
modifies, sorts,and packages proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum
lysosome correct answer -cell organelle filled with enzymes needed to
break down certain materials in the cell
nuclear envelope correct answer -layer of two membranes that surrounds
the nucleus of a cell
nucleolus correct answer -small dense region within most nuclei in which
the assembly of proteins begin
ribosome correct answer -small particle in the cell on which proteins are
assembled; made of RNA and protein
vacuole correct answer -cell organelle that stores materials such as water,
salts, proteins, and carbohydrates
, diffusion correct answer -process by which molecules tend to move from
an area where they are more concentrated to an area where they area less
concentrated
osmosis correct answer -diffusion of water through a selectively
permeable membrane
isotonic correct answer -when the concentration of two solutions is the
same
hypertonic correct answer -when comparing two solutions, the solution
with the greater concentration of solutes
hypotonic correct answer -when comparing two solutions, the solution
with the lesser concentration of solutes
facilitated diffusion correct answer -movement of specific molecules
across cell membranes through protein channels
active transport correct answer -energy-requiring process that moves
material across a cell membrane against a concentration difference
endocytosis correct answer -process by which a cell takes material into
the cell by infolding of the cell membrane
phagocystosis correct answer -process in which extensions of cytoplasm
surround and engulf large particles and take them into the cell
pinocytosis correct answer -process by which a cell takes in liquid from
the surrounding environment
exocytosis correct answer -process by which a cell releases a large amount
of material
adenosine triphosphate (ATP) correct answer -one of the principal
chemical compounds that living things use to store and release energy
centriole correct answer -one of two tiny structures located in the
cytoplasm of animal cells near the nuclear envelope
