Biology Review Questions With All Correct Answers
Taxonomy Order (Biggest to Smallest) correct answer -Kingdom, Phylum,
Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
Cell Wall correct answer -strong layer around the cell membrane in plants,
algae, and some bacteria
Nucleus correct answer -a part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and
responsible for growth and reproduction
Ribosome correct answer -small particle in the cell on which proteins are
assembled; made of RNA and protein;
where amino acids are made into proteins
Mitochondria correct answer -Powerhouse of the cell, produces energy
(ATP) from oxygen and sugar(Cellular respiration);
respiration takes place here
Endoplasmic Reticulum correct answer -a system of membranes that is
found in a cell's cytoplasm and that assists in the production, processing, and
transport of proteins and in the production of lipids;
folded transport system for the cell
Normal Cell Division correct answer -1. DNA (chromosomes) unwinds and
is duplicated
2. Chromosomes line up in the center of the cell
3. Centromeres separate
4. Single stranded chromosomes move to opposite ends of the cell
5. A nuclear membrane forms around each set of new chromosomes
Plant cells correct answer -Contain chloroplasts (photosynthesis sites) and
vacuoles (water storage areas) that are not found in animal cells
Photosynthesis correct answer -Plant cells turn sunlight, carbon dioxide
and water into carbohydrates
, Respiration correct answer -Animal cells turn carbohydrates, water and
oxygen into energy. Waste product is carbon dioxide.
Mitosis correct answer -One cell makes two cells exactly like the first cell;
process by which the nucleus and duplicated chromosomes of a cell divide
and are evenly distributed, forming two daughter nuclei
Diploid correct answer -cell with two of each kind of chromosome; is said
to contain a diploid, or 2n, number of chromosomes;
2n-where n is the number of chromosomes
Meiosis correct answer -(genetics) cell division that produces
reproductive cells in sexually reproducing organisms;
One cell makes two gamete cells
2n -> n
Haploid correct answer -(genetics) an organism or cell having only one
complete set of chromosomes;
n - where n is the number of chromosomes
DNA correct answer -deoxyribonucleic acid, the material that contains the
information that determines inherited characteristics;
Base pair matching is:
Adenine bonds ONLY with Thymine,
Thymine bonds ONLY with Adenine,
Cytosine bond ONLY with Guanine
Guanine bond ONLY with Cytosine
DNA Replication correct answer -The DNA double helix strand separates
and becomes a template for a new and identical strand. As the strand
separates each A pairs with a T and T pairs with an A while each C pairs with a
G and each G pairs with a C. If the original was ACTCAG then the new strand
would be TGAGTC.
Chargaff's Rule correct answer -equal amounts of adenine bonds with
thymine and equal amount of guanine bonds with cytosine
Taxonomy Order (Biggest to Smallest) correct answer -Kingdom, Phylum,
Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
Cell Wall correct answer -strong layer around the cell membrane in plants,
algae, and some bacteria
Nucleus correct answer -a part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and
responsible for growth and reproduction
Ribosome correct answer -small particle in the cell on which proteins are
assembled; made of RNA and protein;
where amino acids are made into proteins
Mitochondria correct answer -Powerhouse of the cell, produces energy
(ATP) from oxygen and sugar(Cellular respiration);
respiration takes place here
Endoplasmic Reticulum correct answer -a system of membranes that is
found in a cell's cytoplasm and that assists in the production, processing, and
transport of proteins and in the production of lipids;
folded transport system for the cell
Normal Cell Division correct answer -1. DNA (chromosomes) unwinds and
is duplicated
2. Chromosomes line up in the center of the cell
3. Centromeres separate
4. Single stranded chromosomes move to opposite ends of the cell
5. A nuclear membrane forms around each set of new chromosomes
Plant cells correct answer -Contain chloroplasts (photosynthesis sites) and
vacuoles (water storage areas) that are not found in animal cells
Photosynthesis correct answer -Plant cells turn sunlight, carbon dioxide
and water into carbohydrates
, Respiration correct answer -Animal cells turn carbohydrates, water and
oxygen into energy. Waste product is carbon dioxide.
Mitosis correct answer -One cell makes two cells exactly like the first cell;
process by which the nucleus and duplicated chromosomes of a cell divide
and are evenly distributed, forming two daughter nuclei
Diploid correct answer -cell with two of each kind of chromosome; is said
to contain a diploid, or 2n, number of chromosomes;
2n-where n is the number of chromosomes
Meiosis correct answer -(genetics) cell division that produces
reproductive cells in sexually reproducing organisms;
One cell makes two gamete cells
2n -> n
Haploid correct answer -(genetics) an organism or cell having only one
complete set of chromosomes;
n - where n is the number of chromosomes
DNA correct answer -deoxyribonucleic acid, the material that contains the
information that determines inherited characteristics;
Base pair matching is:
Adenine bonds ONLY with Thymine,
Thymine bonds ONLY with Adenine,
Cytosine bond ONLY with Guanine
Guanine bond ONLY with Cytosine
DNA Replication correct answer -The DNA double helix strand separates
and becomes a template for a new and identical strand. As the strand
separates each A pairs with a T and T pairs with an A while each C pairs with a
G and each G pairs with a C. If the original was ACTCAG then the new strand
would be TGAGTC.
Chargaff's Rule correct answer -equal amounts of adenine bonds with
thymine and equal amount of guanine bonds with cytosine
