ANSWERS | GRADED AND THE LATEST SERIES
What is the role of banks?
Ans: Act as a financial intermediary, create products and services, and develop
mechanisms for making payments.
Question: What is financial intermediation?
Ans: Pools funds from savers and provides loans to borrowers.
Question: What is retail banking?
Ans: Taking deposits and lending to individuals.
Question: What is business banking?
Ans: Taking deposits and lending to small or medium sized business enterprises.
Question: What is wholesale banking?
Ans: Borrowing from and lending to corporate clients or other financial
institutions.
Question: What is investment banking?
Ans: Serve high net worth customers in functions of capital market activities, i.e
bonds & shares, trading and mergers and acquisitions.
Question: What are debt capital markets?
, Ans: Where capital is raised through the issue of bonds. Investment banks are
involved to plan, manage and sell the bonds.
Question: What are equity capital markets?
Ans: Where funds are raised by undertaking an Initial Public Offering (IPO),
selling shares to the public for the first time.
Question: What are private placements?
Ans: Plan an offering of bonds with an institutional investor that has lower
regulatory requirements.
Question: What is mergers and acquisitions?
Ans: Companies look to purchase another company and investment banks offer
advice on the process and pricing.
Question: What are Chinese walls?
Ans: Barriers to mitigate exchanges of information that could lead to conflict of
interest.
Question: What is accepting deposits?
Ans: The banks first core function. It is how banks source the majority of their
funds.
Question: What is granting loans?
Ans: The banks second core function.
,Question: What is an overdraft?
Ans: A defined credit limit attached to a bank account that can be drawn
against.
Question: What is a credit card?
Ans: Allows for the purchase of goods and services within a certain limit that
can be paid back later.
Question: What are bills of exchange and promissory notes?
Ans: Specialised instruments, an unconditional order between parties where the
bank purchases the bill amount and on maturity the borrower pays the full amount.
Question: What is equipment leasing and hire purchase?
Ans: Forms of borrowing to finance plant, machinery and vehicles.
Question: What is trade finance?
Ans: Facilitation of import and export transactions e.g lending, letters of credit,
insurance.
Question: What is a short term loan?
Ans: Principal and interest repayments are made over a period of say five
years, e.g for a car.
Question: What is a long term loan?
, Ans: Principal and interest repayments are made over a period of say 25 years,
e.g for a house.
Question: What is Electronic Funds Transfer (ETF)?
Ans: Funds transferred electronically between banks.
Question: What are negotiable instruments?
Ans: Banks drafts, cheques and letters of credit.
Question: What are periodic payments?
Ans: Direct Debits and Standing Orders, where the bank makes payments on
behalf of the customer.
Question: What are periodic collections?
Ans: Direct Credits, where the bank collects payments on behalf of the customer.
Question: What are debit cards?
Ans: Allows for the purchase of goods and services, and, deducts the money
directly from the customers bank account.
Question: What are international money transfers?
Ans: Allows for the transfer of funds overseas.
Question: What are E-Commerce Payment Systems?